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Biomedical subjects

J Puig-Antich

Publications and source records attributed to J Puig-Antich.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Sleep architecture and REM sleep measures in prepubertal major depressives. Studies during recovery from the depressive episode in a drug-free state.

The sleep of 28 fully recovered, drug-free, prepubertal patients with major depressive disorder was recorded for three consecutive nights in the laboratory. Recovered depressives had significantly shorter first rapid eye movement period (REMP) latencies and a higher number of REMPs compared with themselves when depressed and with nondepressed neurotic and normal children. In addition, most sleep continuity measures improved considerably on recovery. We suggest that a short first REMP latency may be a marker of past episode or of trait in prepubertal major depressives.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Sleep architecture and REM sleep measures in prepubertal children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity.

A 2-night polysomnographic study of 9 rigorously assessed prepubertal children who fit Diagnostic Statistical Manual-III criteria for attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADDH) and a contrast group of 11 control children is reported. Despite the fact that 57% of the ADDH group were reported to experience restless sleep on structured parental rating forms, they did not show any sleep architecture abnormalities on polysomnographic recordings when compared with the normals at baseline other than decreased rapid eye movement (REM) activity. Seven of the ADDH boys were restudied after 6 months of continuous methylphenidate therapy (mean daily dose of 34.4 +/- 14.0 mg or 1.4 +/- 0.7 mg/kg). Across and within (pre-post) group comparisons showed that methylphenidate therapy was associated with delayed sleep onset, lengthened sleep, and changes in certain REM sleep variables.

Arousal↗
PubMed1983

Spindle characteristics in prepubertal major depressives during an episode and after sustained recovery: a controlled study.

In a previous publication, this group reported a dissociation between multiple sleep complaints and polysomnographic abnormalities in prepubertal major depressive children. Spindle activity has been thought by some to be a correlate of restorative sleep. On this basis, it was hypothesized that prepubertal depressives might exhibit differences in sleep spindle characteristics when compared with normal and psychiatric control groups, and with their former state during sustained recovery in a drug-free state. Further, it was thought that clinical complaints of disrupted sleep might be related to differences in spindle characteristics. Spindle frequency (Hz) was the only significant finding among the groups, but it was not specific to depressive disorder, since all psychiatric groups presented higher frequencies than did normal children. As expected, significant differences across halves of the sleep period time (SPT) were also found for the number of spindles, frequency (Hz), duration (ms), spindle density (rate), and the amount of stage 2 sleep (min). The presence or absence of sleep complaints had no bearing on spindle characteristics, thus indicating a lack of apparent relationship between the two. Upon recovery the depressives exhibited no changes across clinical state, and a cross-sectional comparison of the recovered data with the original control data gave results essentially identical to the first (active illness) comparisons. It is suggested that high spindle frequency may be a nonspecific correlate of emotional disorders in prepuberty, which, at least in depressives, does not change with clinical state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder in childhood.

The authors review the evidence supporting the hypothesis of similarity or identity of prepubertal and adult major depressive disorders and give a state-of-the-art account of current assessment techniques, diagnosis, and treatment methods of prepubertal major depression. This is an area of child psychiatry where recent psychobiological research advances are fueling profound changes in traditional nosology and therapeutics. In addition, further understanding of early onset major depression is likely to throw considerable light on the nature and pathophysiology of depressive illness across ages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Plasma cortisol secretion and REM period latency in adult endogenous depression.

The authors studied the relationship of plasma cortisol secretion and REM period latency in 25 patients with endogenous depression. The 8 patients (32%) with cortisol hypersecretion had a significantly shortened REM period latency in comparison with the 17 with normal cortisol secretion. Furthermore, an extremely short REM latency (20 minutes or less) occurred almost exclusively in those with cortisol hypersecretion. The authors discuss possible neurotransmitter disturbances responsible for these abnormalities and the clinical implications of these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Psychotic symptoms in prepubertal major depressive disorder.

Symptoms of psychosis and psychoticlike phenomena were systematically inquired for, using a semistructured diagnostic interview protocol, in 58 prepubertal children who fulfilled Research Diagnostic Criteria for major depressive disorder. Subjects were classical into endogenous and nonendogenous subtypes. Forty-eight percent of the sample reported hallucinations. Thirty-six percent (including 48% of those in the endogenous subtype and 24% of those in the nonendogenous subtype) reported auditory hallucinations that consisted of one or more words other than their names, experienced in clear consciousness. Sixteen percent reported visual or tactile hallucinations. Four children were rated as having delusional ideas. Symptoms were analyzed in terms of contents, formal characteristics, thematic and temporal consistency with depressed mood, extent of the child's belief in the reality of the experience, frequency, and experienced location of auditory hallucinations. The psychopathologic meaning of the reported phenomena is uncertain.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Sleep architecture and REM sleep measures in prepubertal children with major depression: a controlled study.

We performed a three-night polysomnographic study of 54 rigorously assessed, drug free, prepubertal children who fit unmodified Research Diagnostic Criteria for major depressive disorder, and two groups of nondepressed controls (25 with emotional disorders and 11 who were normal). The groups did not differ polysomnographically, even though a high proportion of depressives and neurotics reported sleep disturbance in structured interviews. Sleep stage data do not appear to differentiate children with prepubertal major depressive disorders from nondepressed neurotic or normal children. Other psychobiologic findings in prepubertal depressives together with marked age effects on polysomnographic correlates of adult major depressive disorders suggest the hypothesis that polysomnographic abnormalities in adult major depressives are secondary to an interaction between depression and age.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Prepubertal endogenous major depressives hyposecrete growth hormone in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia.

Insulin tolerance tests (ITT) were carried out during illness in 27 drug-free prepubertal children with emotional disorders: 10 fit unmodified Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for major depressive disorder endogenous subtype, 10 fit RDC for nonendogenous major depressive disorder, and 7 fit DSM-III criteria for nondepressed neurotic disorders. The endogenous depressed group hyposecreted growth hormone (GH) in this test as compared to the other groups. Since GH hyposecretion in response to ITT is a characteristic of adult endogenous depressives, the data support the validity of the diagnosis of prepubertal endogenous major depressive disorder and the hypothesis of similarity of prepubertal and adult major depressions.

Blood Glucose↗