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Biomedical subjects

J Pryor

Publications and source records attributed to J Pryor.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

A senior volunteer/home care agency national collaboration: assessment of the partnership.

This research has focused on a partnership between a private sector home health care entity, the Visiting Nurse Associations of America (VNAA) and the public sector Senior Companion Program (SCP) of the domestic volunteer agency now a part of the Corporation for National and Community Service. This research examined the partnerships between the two agencies in 18 local demonstration sites in order to assess how a home health agency worked. Specific areas reviewed were administration of the partnership, communication patterns between the agencies, areas of conflict, the future of the liaison, and how effectively volunteer performance matched original expectations.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of SUZI and ICSI for severe male factor.

We compare the results of subzonal insemination (SUZI) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) carried out between February 1993 and end of August 1994. A total of 232 couples underwent 302 cycles of micro-assisted fertilization (79 patients had SUZI for a total of 93 cycles, 153 patients ICSI for a total of 209 cycles). The indications for treatment were obstructive azoospermia in 35 cycles, ejaculatory failure with severely low sperm count in 7 cycles, and failure of fertilization in a previous IVF cycle or less than 10% of oocytes fertilized in 87 cycles. In 173 cycles the indication for treatment was a poor semen parameter. Patients undergoing ICSI had significantly higher fertilization rates [43 (728/1692) versus 22.3% (151/ 676), chi 2 = 86.308, P < 0.0001], better chances of embryo transfer [95 (199/209) versus 73% (68/93), chi 2 = 30.671, P < 0.001], and greater numbers of embryos transferred (2.4 +/- 0.9 versus 1.6 +/- 1.2 F = 42, P < 0.0001) than patients who had SUZI. Eighteen patients became pregnant following the SUZI procedure, a pregnancy rate of 19% per egg collection, compared with 28% for those who underwent the ICSI procedure, where 58 out of 209 became pregnant. The pregnancy rate was similar in those who underwent embryo transfer, whether they had ICSI or SUZI (29.2 and 28.6% respectively). Overall, the pregnancy rate doubled with each number of embryos transferred, so it was 8.9% when one embryo was transferred, which increased to 18.3% when two embryos were transferred, and this rose to 37.7% when three embryos were transferred. There was no significant difference in the pregnancy wastage rate between SUZI and ICSI. None of the offspring from either SUZI or ICSI showed any evidence of fetal abnormalities. Pregnancy rate was negatively correlated, with sperm progression being 36% (36/100) if progression was < 2 and 19.8% (40/202) if it was > or = 2 (chi 2 = 8.99, P < .002). ICSI therefore provides a higher number of embryos available for transfer and should be the primary treatment for severe male factor infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Growth, development and behaviour in adolescents born small-for-gestational-age.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects on adolescents of being born small-for-gestational-age (SGA). METHODOLOGY: The sample are members of a cohort longitudinal study in which growth, cognitive development and behaviour are being studied into adulthood. Ninety-one SGA subjects were available for comparison with the rest of the sample (n = 1037) on measures of height, weight, head circumference, cognitive performance and behavioural variables to the age of 18 years old. RESULTS: SGA subjects were shorter and lighter at 18 years of age than their appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) counterparts despite age of onset of menarche being the same in both groups. At age 13, SGA subjects scored significantly lower than the AGA group on the WISC-R scales. They were rated by parents as having more behaviour problems at age of 15. CONCLUSIONS: SGA birth appears to be a potential problem which extends beyond childhood in its effects on growth, behaviour and cognitive performance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Investigation of the haemolytic effects of Ancylostoma ceylanicum: observations on infected dogs in vivo and human and dog blood in vitro.

Investigations into the probable role of haemolysins in the causation of hookworm anaemia have been undertaken in living infected dogs. Secondly, the effects of living hookworms and various worm products on erythrocytes in vitro have been assessed. In dogs infected with varying numbers of A. ceylanicum, severe microcytic anaemia developed in the most heavily infected animals six weeks after infection. Erythrocytes from the latter animals showed significantly greater autohaemolysis in the presence of added glucose. When serum bilirubin and methaemalbumin, plasma haemoglobin, urinary urobilinogin and osmotic fragility of their red cells were measured, however, no evidence of haemolysis was detected. Erythrocytes from these animals appeared normal under scanning electron microscopy. In in vitro studies varying concentrations of adult worm extract had no effect on the haemolysis of either dog or human erythrocytes in the presence or absence of glucose nor on their mechanical fragility. There was no increase in 51Cr release from dog or human labelled red cells when incubated with either adult worm extract or excretory/secretory products of worms. Living adult worms caused an increase in 51Cr release from human but not dog labelled erythrocytes. Thus, the role of haemolysins in the genesis of hookworm anaemia is minimal.

Ancylostoma↗
PubMed1981

Enhancement of uricosuric properties of indacrinone by manipulation of the enantiomer ratio.

Racemic indacrinone is a high-ceiling, relatively long-acting diuretic. Both enantiomers have uricosuric activity, but the diuretic activity resides predominantly in the (-) enantiomer. Usual therapeutic doses of racemic indacrinone have only transient uricosuric activity, so that, as with other diuretics, hyperuricemia occurs. Sixty-five healthy men participated in a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, balanced, incomplete-block study comparing the effects on plasma urate and urate clearance of indacrinone (-) enantiomer 10 mg given concomitantly with 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg (+) enantiomer (10/0, 10/10, 10/20, 10/40, 10/80), as single daily doses for 7 days. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 50 mg daily and ticrynafen (T) 250 mg daily were controls. Each subject received two of the seven treatments, so that there were 18 subjects per treatment. On days 7 to 8, morning (mean of 0-hr values on days 7 and 8), HCTZ, 10/0, 10/10, and 10/20 elevated plasma urate by 8% to 16%. 10/40 was approximately isouricemic, and 10/80 and T lowered plasma urate by 13% and 41%. There were corresponding changes in urate clearance.

Diuretics↗
PubMed1975

Prolongation of chemotherapeutically induced remission of a syneneic murine leukemia by L-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2.1-BETA]thiazole hydrochloride.

L-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-beta]thiazole hydrochloride (LMS), when used in concert with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, resulted in a significantly higher percentage of long-term leukemic-free survivors. The additive effect provided by LMS treatment was evident during the immunosuppressed period induced by 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea treatment and when tumor load was minimal. Treatment with LMS alone did not appear to possess any significant antitumor effect. The beneficial effect of LMS treatment may be attributable to the immunostimulatory activity reported for this drug. LMS appears to possess characteristics that make it an excellent candidate for use as an immunostimulant in cancer combined modality treatment.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗