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Biomedical subjects

J Price

Publications and source records attributed to J Price.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of clinically non-palpable primary colonic neoplasms.

Over a 2-year period, more than 1700 abdominal ultrasound scans were performed which included a search for bowel disease in the scanning routine. Features consistent with a primary colonic neoplasm were reported in 35 patients. In 14 patients, ultrasound indicated the possibility of a colonic neoplasm in the absence of a clinically palpable mass. An intraabdominal mass was confirmed in 12 patients (86%), and was a primary colonic neoplasm in 11 patients (79%). In one patient a metastatic malignant mass had been misinterpreted as arising from the colon. In two patients no lesion could be demonstrated to account for the ultrasonographic abnormality. In a further 21 patients in which an abdominal mass had been evident on clinical examination, ultrasound was performed for further elucidation and indicated the mass to be arising from the colon. In this group, a primary colonic neoplasm was the cause in 11 patients (52%), while other primary or metastatic malignancy was found in six patients (29%) and benign disease in four patients (19%). We conclude that ultrasound is a useful primary diagnostic technique for colonic neoplasms, with a predictive value of 79% in detecting clinically non-palpable lesions. In our experience, false positive results due to scanning artefacts are rare. We consider that examination of the bowel is a worthwhile addition to the routine scan in patients with non-specific abdominal complaints.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Two cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid associated with psychosis and violence.

Two cases are described in which serious violent acts occurred during the course of a psychotic illness and in which papillary carcinoma of the thyroid was later diagnosed. Several possible explanations are examined, including a suggestion that neuroendocrine changes reportedly associated with violence may have allowed existing thyroid cancers to grow so as to become clinically apparent.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The Queensland "drinker" and the bad old, new Australia.

Queensland "drinkers" in rehabilitation units have been compared with their counterparts on Merseyside, England. Substantial differences were found between the two populations: more drinkers in Queensland were divorced or separated, fewer were employed and far fewer expected to return to their families after discharge from the units. Queensland families were reported as more often unaware of the drinking, more rejecting and less concerned. Where the drinker was still living with family members, they were less aware of alcohol-related physical symptoms and put less pressure on the drinker to eat properly. Information that was provided by Queensland family members about a drinker's eating behaviour could be interpreted as indicative of an optimistic response style. Underinvolvement and optimism are put forward as characteristics of Queensland families where one member is a problem drinker. These characteristics are likely to have an adverse effect on the resolution of problem drinking.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1987

Patterns of lead excretion in patients with gout and chronic renal failure--a comparative German and Australian study.

The 6 day calcium EDTA lead excretion test was performed on German and Australian subjects with normal and impaired renal function, some of whom had gout, in order to determine if the pattern of results differed between the two countries. The German subjects lived around Heidelberg in an industrialized area where chronic lead nephropathy had not hitherto been thought to exist, while the Australian subjects were all from the State of Queensland where chronic lead nephropathy from the ingestion of lead paint during childhood continues to contribute to morbidity and mortality. Apart from the subjects with normal renal function, the German subjects consistently excreted less lead than the Queensland subjects and a strikingly consistent pattern was found: in both countries, subjects with a history of lead exposure, whether gouty or not, had greater EDTA lead excess values than subjects with gout but no lead exposure, these subjects in turn having greater EDTA lead excess values than subjects with neither gout nor lead exposure. In each country, the highest median EDTA lead excess occurred not in the group with gout and lead exposure, but in the group without gout and with lead exposure.

Australia↗
PubMed1987

Lineage analysis in the vertebrate nervous system by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer.

We describe a cell-lineage marking system applicable to the vertebrate nervous system. The basis of the technique is gene transfer using the retroviral vector system. We used Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase as a marker gene and demonstrate a high level of expression of this marker from the viral long terminal repeat promoter, with simultaneous expression of the Tn5 neo gene from the simian virus 40 early promoter. This expression has allowed us to detect individual infected cells histochemically. We applied this marking technique to the study of lineage relationships in the developing vertebrate nervous system, both in vivo and in culture. In the rat retina, we injected virus in vivo and histochemically identified clones of marked neural cells. In addition, we used this virus to infect cultures of rat cerebral cortex and have analyzed the clonal relationships of morphologically different neural cell types. The host range of the marking system extends to avian as well as mammalian species. Thus, this system should have broad applicability as a means of gene transfer and expression in the nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Identification of thiomolybdates in digesta and plasma from sheep after administration of 99Mo-labelled compounds into the rumen.

1. At 16 h after the rapid injection of 99Mo-labelled compounds into the rumen of sheep maintained on dried grass (6.2 mg molybdenum/kg dry matter (DM), 4.3 g sulphur/kg DM), labelled thiomolybdates associated with the digesta solids or bound to plasma macromolecular species were displaced from their carriers in vitro and identified by Sephadex G25 chromatography. 2. After molybdate injection, the thiomolybdates displaced from rumen, duodenal and ileal solids were predominantly the trithio- and tetrathio- species. Dithiomolybdate was present to a relatively minor extent. Trace amounts of di- and trithiomolybdates were detected in the liquid phase of digesta from the duodenum. 3. Whether injected into the rumen as molybdate or tetrathiomolybdate, bound 99Mo appearing in plasma was present mainly as di- and trithio- species. The tetrathio- species appeared in trace amounts in plasma only after tetrathiomolybdate injection, despite its existence almost exclusively in this form in rumen digesta. 4. The present study provides direct evidence for thiomolybdate synthesis within the rumen and indicates that while the effects of thiomolybdates in inhibiting copper absorption are likely to be due to tri- and tetrathiomolybdates, post-absorptive effects on Cu metabolism are probably due to di- or trithiomolybdate.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Aversion to daytime illumination in patients with congenital achromatopsia.

The aversion to daytime illumination in patients with congenital achromatopsia is not well understood. In the present study, we used a magnitude estimation procedure to compare the perceived brightness for 5 congenital achromats and for seven normal subjects. Contrary to the patients' beliefs, results suggest patients' brightness estimates are similar to those of normal subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A subretinal neovascular membrane as a complication of endogenous Candida endophthalmitis.

A 21-year-old woman developed endophthalmitis and a macular chorioretinal lesion secondarily to a Candida infection. She had been receiving intensive systemic antibiotic and steroid therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease. Blood cultures confirmed a Candida albicans septicemia, and amphotericin B was administered intravenously. As the eye inflammation resolved, healing of the chorioretinal lesion was complicated by the development of a subretinal neovascular membrane. The authors hypothesize that the formation of the membrane was related to an inflammatory alteration of the pigment epithelium--Bruch's membrane--choriocapillaris complex. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first such report following a Candida infection of the eye.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Pigment distribution in Waardenburg's syndrome: a new hypothesis.

Two cases of Waardenburg's syndrome are presented. The first case is an example of Waardenburg's type II (without dystopia canthorum) with bilateral sectoral iris heterochromia and fundus bicolor, hyperpigmented skin patches, characteristic facies and deafness. The second case is an example of Waardenburg's type I (with dystopia canthorum) with complete iris heterochromia and characteristic facies. Bilateral glaucoma was also present in the second case. Previously unrecognized details of iris architecture in Waardenburg's syndrome are described. Pigmentation anomalies of the skin are also discussed. It is hypothesized that the ocular pigmentary disturbance in Waardenburg's syndrome is widespread and involves the hyperchromic as well as the hypochromic areas of the eyes. A possible association with glaucoma might be explained by such a hypothesis.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗