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Biomedical subjects

J Prandota

Publications and source records attributed to J Prandota.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Kinetics of urinary furosemide elimination in infants.

Using a one-compartment model, the urinary elimination kinetics of a single intravenous 1 mg/kg dose of furosemide (F) was studied in 13 infants, 9 days to 12 months old (mean 3.7 +/- (SD) 3.48 months old), and 1, 23-month-old child, with bilateral multifocal pneumonia, recovering from respiratory and cardiac insufficiency accompanying pneumonia and/or other diseases. F elimination half-life was determined with the use of a noninvasive method based on the drug's urinary excretion data. The drug urinary elimination t1/2 in the infants ranged from 0.654 to 3.29 h. Cumulative excretion of F in the infants' urine was similar to the values in healthy adults. Since the furosemide urinary half-lives found in infants were similar to the data reported in older children and healthy adults it is suggested that immaturity of renal function during the 1st year of life, i.e. in older infants, has no evident on the elimination kinetics of a 1 mg/kg intravenous dose of F. Mean F urinary elimination t1/2 in infants with pneumonia and cardiac insufficiency was significantly longer compared with the Ft1/2 found in children with the pneumonia alone (2.15 vs. 1.01 h, respectively), suggesting slower elimination of the drug in these patients.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Normal limits for renal mobility in children.

The range of vertical renal mobility measured in the recumbent and erect positions was established in 309 children (232 girls) with normal renal function, ages 2.5 to 15 years, hospitalized because of urinary tract infections. It was found that the degree of renal mobility changed nonsignificantly with age, ranging between 12 and 19 mm approximately. In girls ages 12 to 15 years, the mean renal mobility was greater ranging from 21 mm (left kidney) to 23 mm (right kidney). Excessive renal mobility (calculated in mm as kidney mobility greater than 2 SD over the mean value in a particular age group) was found in 13 patients (4.2% of the studied children) 11 of which were girls. The right kidney alone was involved in 76.9% of these cases. A statistically significant correlation was found between the age, body weight, and height of these patients and the degree of right kidney mobility. Since nephroptosis of the right kidney has also been reported, mainly in adult women, the obtained results suggest that this abnormality is constitutional rather than acquired in adult life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Dynamics of changes in the blood coagulation system, fibrynolysis and kallikreinogenesis in endotoxin shock in rabbits.

In rabbits intravenous injection of subtoxic doses of E. coli endotoxin serotype 02:K1 (10 micrograms/kg), resulted in the activation of intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of blood coagulation and, in some animals, simultaneous fall of the fibrinolytic activity which was manifested by hypercoagulability and intravascular coagulation already at the initial stage of the endotoxin shock. Among the earliest changes which appeared 30 min after endotoxin injection, was a decrease of blood platelets count and concentration of factor X in plasma. Out of the blood coagulation tests performed, most sensitive appeared the paracoagulation tests (particularly ethanol test). The second dose of endotoxin (20 micrograms/kg) injected 4 h later intensified the observed changes and autopsy of animals performed after further 4 h revealed extravasations of blood and hemorrhagic changes in the lungs, liver and occasionally in the kidneys. In spite of the above alterations, AT-III activity in the animals plasma decreased by ca. 30% as compared to the initial value.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Long Q-T syndrome precipitated by atropine and hypokalemia.

In a small child successfully treated with atropine sulfate and other drugs because of pesticide poisoning, a prolongation of the Q-T interval, extrasystolic ventricular tachyarrhythmia complicated by ventricular fibrillation and cardiac syncope, was observed. At the time of this incident the child was hypokalemic. After compensation of hypokalemia, reduction of atropine dose and subsequent discontinuation of the drug, the changes in the patient's follow-up ECG records disappeared. Thus, the use of atropine in the presence of hypokalemia should be included in the list of factors releasing the long Q-T syndrome.

Atropine↗
PubMed1983

Pharmacokinetics of furosemide urinary elimination by nephrotic children.

Single doses of 2 mg/kg of furosemide (F) were given postprandially as tablets to 17 steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome (NS) patients, 2.5-15 years old, and seven control children requiring F therapy. One-half, 1, and 2 h after administration, F absorption rate, calculated from the drug urinary excretion data, was significantly more rapid in the NS patients compared to that in the controls. Bioavailability of F in the nephrotic children averaged 58.8% indicating that the gastrointestinal absorption of the drug was unaffected by the disease and by the age of the patients. The first pass effect of F was 24% of the administered dose. The elimination half-life of F, calculated from the drug urinary excretion data in the NS patients was 2.06 +/- 0.96 h (mean +/- SD), whereas in the control children, it was 2.14 +/- 0.69 h. There seems to be no relationship between F elimination half-life and the serum albumin concentration in the NS patients. Also, no correlation was found between the amount of F (mg) excreted in urine during 2 or 6 h after administration (the time of complete absorption of F from the gastrointestinal tract, and the time of the drug diuretic effect, respectively) and the serum albumin concentration in the NS patients. Moreover, no significant difference in the cumulative F urinary excretion was found between both groups of children. The data indicate that factors in addition to serum albumin concentration play a role in the elimination kinetics of F in nephrotic children.

Administration, Oral↗