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Biomedical subjects

J Pradel

Publications and source records attributed to J Pradel.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Visibility and thickening of the renal fascia on computed tomograms.

The renal fascia can be seen on CT scans (using appropriate window settings) in most patients except those with very little fat. CT confirms current anatomical concepts; however, contrary to the illustrations shown in the literature, it clearly demonstrates that the anterior pararenal space normally exists only at the level of the retroperitoneal organs. A lesion would distend the space. While visualization of the renal fascia on normal urograms may be an indication of renal disease, a thin renal fascia on CT scans has no pathological significance. Thickening is nonspecific: it is not pathognomonic of tumor, nor is it helpful in differentiating pancreatitis from neoplasm. On the other hand, lack of fascial thickening may be helpful in ruling out renal extension of a neighboring lesion.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1981

Computed tomography of multilocular cystic nephroma.

Three cases of multilocular cystic nephroma (MNC) tht were demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) are described. In two cases a correct preoperative diagnosis was made. In the third case, however, the mass did not fit exactly the histologic criteria for MCN. MCN appears on CT scans as a well-marginated, rounded, or polycyclic cortical mass that extends beyond the normal renal outline. This mass contains cysts that vary in size and number. It may be a cluster of a few large cysts with thick walls and septa, or it may be a denser mass composed of tiny cysts. This CT pattern is suggestive of MCN, but is not sufficient to obviate surgery. However, as part of a complete preoperative evaluation including arteriography, CT provides information that may be valuable in limiting the surgical procedure, perhaps avoiding unnecessary nephrectomy.

Angiography↗
PubMed1980

[Angiographic exploration of a case of a case of adrenal APUD adenoma secreting three hormones: VIP, catecholamines, and somatostatin (author's transl)].

An APUD adenoma of the right adrenal was discovered in an adult after angiography and compted tomography The tumor had provoked a WDHH syndrome. Selective venous sampling before operation demostrated the presence in the tumor of hormonal secretions (VIP and catecholamines). The patient recovered after excision of the tumor, which contained large quantities of intracellular somatostatin and VIP.

Achlorhydria↗
PubMed1979

[Phaeochromocytoma: localisation by computerised scanner tomography. 5 cases (author's transl)].

In five patients with a phaeochromocytoma, axial computerised scanner tomography made it possible to localise the tumour without ambiguity, even when intravenous urography had been interpreted as normal. Although all the tumours diagnosed were relatively large (between 3 and 9 cm), this is nevertheless a non-invasive examination, free of danger and worthy of consideration in the preoperative assessment of a case of phaeochromocytoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography of the gastrointestinal tract: lesion recognition and pitfalls.

Abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract will be found on computed tomography (CT) scans performed for other indications if they are carefully searched for. This potential will increase as CT is used earlier in the investigation of suspected abnormalities of the pancreas. retroperitoneum, and liver. Additionally, CT may be valuable in assessing the extent of a known primary lesion of the alimentary tract.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Densitometry of the pancreas (author's transl)].

The authors present their experience of 15 months use of a C.T. Scanner of the third generation. Of 1,000 patients in which the tomography sections involved the pancreas, in one third the examination was requested for a suspected pancreatic lesion. The image of the pancreas was obvious in 9 cases out of ten. The diagnosis was correct in 8 cases out of ten. These results are extremely encouraging, and reliable compared with those of echotomography in the present state of the technic. The illustrations show the interest of C.T. Scanning in surgery, for the surgeon then has available anatomical sections of the whole supramesocolic region. The authors emphasize the necessity of pluridisciplinary comparison for better use of this technic.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Retroperitoneal gas images following subperitoneal hollow viscus rupture (author's transl)].

Three cases of traumatic rupture of a subperitoneal hollow viscus are reported : two duodenal lesions and one rectal wound. Early diagnosis was possible in all three cases by the recognition of retroperitoneal gas on simple radiographs of the abdomen, which was evidenced by images containing air bubbles, which were also fasciculated and fairly fixed. They were unilateral, on the right side, and usually associated with disappearance of the psoas shadow in duodenal injuries. Rectal perforation produces a bilateral distribution of the retroperitoneal gas, which extends to the subperitoneal fat and the posterior extraperitoneal space, according to the amount of effusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Formation and development of photosynthetic units in repigmenting Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides wild type and "Phofil" mutant strain.

The formation of the photosynthetic apparatus in the wild type Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and in the "Phofil" mutant was investigated by analyzing absorption and fluorescence parameters and the kinetics of fluorescence induction. Repigmentation was induced by transfer of bleached cells to semi-aerobic culture conditions. 1. In the "Phofil" mutant, functional photosynthetic units appear at pigment cellular contents which depend on the physiological state of the inoculum. The unadapted mutant can reach the functional units stage at a cellular pigment level 20 times lower than that of the wild type, although the size and composition of the units are identical in both strains. This rules out the hypothesis of photosynthetic units forming by random integration of pigments into the membrane. Moreover, the fact that units are separate at this stage (as shown by the exponential shape of fluorescence induction kinetics) suggests that the units' formation proceeds from discrete predetermined membrane sites. 2. In repigmentng wild type cells, the multistep assembly of bacteriochlorophyll complexes appears correlated to their organization in photosynthetic units as follows: (i) During a first stage, B-875 is mostly synthesized, while the efficiency of transfer increases, suggesting that the pigments are initially interpersed at comparatively large average distances from each other in the bleached membrane. (ii) After 1.5 h of repigmentation, the transfer and trapping efficiencies reach a maximum. The units (26 B-875 + 11 B-850 per center) are still separate, as shown by exponential fluorescence kinetics. (iii) The increase in the units' size then essentially proceeds through B-850 incorporation. Energy transfer between units occurs at a comparatively late stage, i.e., 5 h repigmentation.

Bacteriochlorophylls↗
PubMed1976

A 4-vinylprotochlorophyllide complex accumulated by "phofil" mutant of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. An authentic intermediate in the development of the photosynthetic apparatus.

A photosynthetically competent mutant strain of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides was isolated. In addition to bacteriochlorophyll, this organism produced particle-bound precursor 4-vinylprotochlorophyllide. The spectral characteristics of the pigment complexes(es) accumulated in the culture medium were very variable. The spectral form occurring within the bacteria was characterized from fluorescence data. Its particle weight, 130 000, was determined by Sephadex G200 filtration. The main components of the complex were protein, lipid and pigment (6.8:61, w/w). As indicated by qualitative analysis, the lipid components were characteristic constituents of the photosynthetic membrane. Kinetics of pigments synthesis showed that the total pigment synthesis was not affected by the mutation; bacteriochlorophyll content was always lower in the mutant than in the parent strain. The repigmentation process was followed by fluorescence emission. The results indicated that the mutation affected membrane component synthesis required for the bacteriochlorophyll(ide) incorporation. The pigment complex was concluded to be an authentic intermediate in photosynthetic apparatus morphogenesis. The reasons for its excretion are discussed.

Bacteriochlorophylls↗
PubMed1976

[Control of ATP metabolism in Rhodopseudomonas spheroides].

Growth kinetics and cell composition (RNA, protein, bacteriochlorophyll and adenosyl nucleotides phosphate) of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides in photosynthetic growing culture with continuous illumination and various intermittent light regimens have been examined. The results indicated that bacteriochlorophyll and RNA were controlled by ATP level and protein synthesis and growth by the ability of the cells to utilize intracellular ATP.

Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Doppler study of fasting and postprandial resistance indices in the superior mesenteric artery in healthy subjects and patients with cirrhosis.

PURPOSE: We assessed the resistance index (RI) in the superior mesenteric artery under fasting and postprandial conditions in healthy subjects and in patients with cirrhosis to determine whether the amount of change in the RI reflects the presence or severity of liver dysfunction. METHODS: Fifteen subjects with normal livers and 27 patients with cirrhosis underwent Doppler sonography of the superior mesenteric artery before and after ingesting a standard meal. The RI at baseline (fasting state) and the postprandial RI were compared between the 2 groups. The fasting RIs and post postprandial RIs changes in cirrhotic patients were correlated with the severity of disease. RESULTS: No difference was found between the baseline RIs in healthy (RI = 0.85) and cirrhotic subjects (RI = 0.84), nor was there a difference in baseline RIs between subgroups of cirrhotic patients according to the severity of liver disease. The RI decreased significantly (p < 0.05) after the meal in both the healthy (13%) and cirrhotic (8%) subjects, but the postprandial decrease was significantly less pronounced (p < 0.05) in cirrhotic patients than in healthy subjects. Among cirrhotic patients, there was no correlation between the postprandial decrease of the RI and severity of liver disease. CONCLUSIONS: The marked decrease in the postprandial RI in the SMA in healthy subjects is generally not seen in patients with cirrhosis, and changes in the postprandial RI do not reliably predict the severity of liver dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT features of perirectal fascia thickening after transurethral resection of prostatic adenoma.

Thickening of the perirectal fascia (PRF) has been described as a CT sign of local extension of pelvic cancers. It has been observed also after radiation therapy and various pelvic surgical procedures. To demonstrate prospectively its nonspecificity, we systematically looked for such thickening before and after consecutive uneventful transurethral prostatic resections in 17 patients presenting with benign adenomas and in one patient with an unexpected prostatic carcinoma. In six patients (33%) obvious PRF thickening appeared on postoperative CT. Thus, this cause of fascial thickening must be considered when evaluating pelvic cancers.

Fascia↗