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Biomedical subjects

J Powell

Publications and source records attributed to J Powell.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Factors affecting neonatal jaundice.

Plasma bilirubin was estimated on 690 term infants on about the 6th day of life. Perinatal factors were recorded and the results analysed. Hyperbilirubinaemia was defined as a level greater than 205 micromol/1 (12 mg/100 ml) and this was present in 20% of cases. Three factors--epidural analgesia, breast feeding, and poor weight recovery--showed highly significant associations with jaundice. The relative importance of these is discussed and compared with recent reports. Induction of labour, for reasons other than postmaturity, and a gestational age less than 39 weeks showed a slightly increased incidence of jaundice. There was no correlation with other factors tested including oxytocic drug administration. Despite the high incidence (20%) of hyperbilirubinaemia, only 2.5% infants needed treatment and none required exchange transfusion. Radical changes in obstetric management or infant feeding are not indicated.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1977

Grass pollen content of the air in the Bristol Channel region in 1976.

The grass pollen content of the air at four sites bordering the Bristol Channel (at Bristol, Cardiff, Penarth and Penmaen) was studied. The trap at Penmaen was situated at an official climatological station which provided the meteorological data used in the surveys. Although at certain times large differences could be seen between the concentrations of grass pollen at the different sites, overall the findings for the four sites were similar. Changes in the atmospheric pollen concentration related to variations in meteorological conditions. At the peak of the season high concentrations of grass pollen persisted throughout the night.

Atmosphere↗
PubMed1977

Fetal exposure to 1:8 dihydroxyanthraquinone.

A survey of 160 consecutive maternity cases showed that a high percentage of mothers had exposed their fetus to laxatives of the anthraquinone type at some stage during the pregnancy. Administration of 1:8 dihydroxyanthraquinone at the time of induction of labour with estimation of the substance in maternal urine, amniotic fluid and the first urine obtained from the baby, indicated that the substance is absorbed from the maternal gut, crosses the placenta and is excreted via the fetal kidney into the liquor. In mothers and babies most of the drug appeared as glucuronide. Fetal catharsis did not appear to occur and the reasons for this are discussed.

Anthraquinones↗
PubMed1977

Taking a closer look: time sampling and measurement error.

A person manufactured his in-seat behavior for 15, 30-min sessions so that there were three blocks of five sessions where the behavior occurred 20%, 50%, and 80% of the time. Whole interval, partial interval, and momentary time-sample measures of the behavior were taken and compared to the continuous measure of the behavior i.e., per cent of time the behavior occurred. For interval time sampling, the difference between the continuous and sample measures i.e., measurement error, was: (1) extensive, (2) unidirectional, (3) a function of the time per response, and (4) inconsistent across changes in the continuous measure. A procedural analysis demonstrated that the frequency and duration of behavior are confounded in interval time sampling. Momentary time sampling was found to be superior to interval time sampling in estimating the duration a behavior occurs.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

A prolonged course of cyclophosphamide as an adjunct to mastectomy in the primary treatment of breast carcinoma.

Cyclophosphamide given after mastectomy for 4-6 months to a consecutive series of patients seen in one surgical practice in the years 1964 and 1965 significantly improved the 10-year survival rate of the treated patients as compared with the patients seen consecutively in the same surgical practice in the years 1957-63. Staging showed that the improvement was due to a significant increase in the survival rate in the patients with histologically negative axillary nodes (P less than 0-01). There was no significant difference in survival in the node positive or advanced disease groups.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

An evaluation of time-sample measures of behavior.

Continuous and time-sample measures of the in-seat behavior of a secretary were obtained. Measurement error, i.e., the extent to which the sample measures deviated from the continuous measure, was a function of the frequency of the sample measurements and the criterion used to score an example of the behavior. If the behavior had to be exhibited throughout the observational interval (whole-interval time sampling), there was a consistent underestimate of the continuous measure. If the behavior had to be exhibited only briefly within the observational interval (partial-interval time sampling), there was a consistent overestimate of the continuous measure. And, if the behavior had to be exhibited at the end of the observational interval (momentary time sampling), overestimations and underestimations of the continuous measure occurred about equally often. As expected, the more frequently the sample measures were made the closer was the agreement between the sample and continuous measures. Two conclusions concerning measurement error in interval time sampling were made. The first was that the error will be a function of the mean time per response. The second is that this error will not be consistent across experimental conditions.

Journal Article↗