Biomedical subjects

J Postel

Publications and source records attributed to J Postel.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1977

Metabolic effects of experimental bacteremia.

Hemodynamic and metabolic effects of a lethal 5-hour infusion of Ps. aeruginosa at a dose 10(8) organisms per ml per min were studied in 39 dogs. Blood glucose, insulin, catecholamines, body temperature, WBC, and hemodynamic parameters were measured before and at 1-hour intervals during controlled bacterial infusions. Induced bacteremia in the upper 10(4) range per ml of blood was accompanied by a decline of mean arterial blood presure from 130+/-6 mm Hg to 84+/-12 mm Hg at 4 hours, hypothermia, leukopenia, and hypoglycemia. Death within 24 hours was associated with hypoinsulinemia and increased blood catecholamines. Survival was characterized by maintenance of arterial blood pressure, only moderate decline in blood glucose levels, and normal plasma insulin concentrations with little change in plasma catecholamines. Mortality could be reduced significantly by glucose administration. This was associated with correction of hypoglycemia, rise in plasma insulin activity and increased energy production.

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PubMed1977

Cardiac depression in bacteremia.

Hemodynamic and respiratory effects of a 5-hr IV infusion of Ps. aeruginosa at a dose of 10(8) organisms per ml per minute were studied in 6 dogs. Four dogs served as controls. Gramnegative bacteremia, with 70,000 +/- 1,800 organisms per ml of blood, caused a 50% reduction of cardiac output at three hrs. Peripheral vascular resistance increased significantly, but mean heart rate fell below control levels. Decline in mean systemic blood pressure from 150 +/- 5 mm Hg to 88 +/- 6 mm Hg was accompanied by a significant increase in pulmonary arterial wedge pressure with normal right atrial and pulmonary arterial pressures. Pulmonary vascular resistance also remained unchanged. With progression of the low output state and development of hypothermia, arteriovenous oxygen difference (A-V DO(2)) fell significantly. Despite a decline in functional residual capacity, venoarterial admixture diminished in the face of reduced pulmonary capillary perfusion, normal arterial Po(2) values, decline in body temperature and finally very narrow A-V DO(2). Histologically, ventricular myocardium revealed severe interstitial edema. It is concluded that myocardial dysfunction may occur early during gramnegative bacteremia, and formation of myocardial edema appears to be a significant contributing factor in myocardial failure.

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PubMed1977

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PubMed1977

Effect of prolonged bacteremia on leukocyte bactericidal function.

Neutrophil bactericidal function (NBF) was studied in dogs during intravenous infusions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Administration of 10(6) bacteria per minute over 3 hours was associated with a bacteremia level of about 10(3) organisms per milliliter of blood without adverse effects on NBF. Infusion of 10(7) organisms per minute resulted in blood bacterial counts in the upper 10(4) range and significantly impaired NBF. To determine the relative contribution of the spleen in bacterial phagocytosis, splenectomies were performed in additional dogs immediately prior to 5 hour infusions of 10(6) Pseudomonas aeruginosa per minute. Results revealed that splenectomy did not influence the blood bacterial clearance. These experimental findings emphasize the dominant role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in bacterial defense.

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PubMed1975

Hypothermic storage of the canine kidney for 48 hours in a low chloride solution.

In studies of 52 dogs, kidneys were stored at zero degrees C. using a low chloride hypertonic intracellular solution. When stored for 24 hours, one-half of the kidneys resumed normal function upon reimplantation. With storage for 48 hours using a brief washout at 24 hours, up to 38 per cent of the reimplanted kidneys provided life sustaining function without azotemia.

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PubMed1975

Pathophysiologic alterations during bacterial infusions for the study of bacteremic shock.

Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the blood stream in normal dogs was measured. An intravenous infusion of bacteria at a dose of 10(6) per milliliter per minute for two or five hours resulted in reproducible bacteremia in the 10(2) range per milliliter of blood without systemic side-effects. An identical bacterial infusion 24 hours later was characterized by enhanced clearance of bacteria and partial pyrogenic tolerance. A lethal bacterial dose of 4 X 10(7) per milliliter per minute infused for five hours exhibited an eightyfold higher bacteremia, shock and death within 24 hours. These events were characterized by leukopenia, hypothermia and hypoglycemia. Experimental results indicated that intact leukocyte bactericidal activity is the most important defense mechanism of the host in bacterial systemic infections.

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PubMed1974