Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Porter.
Among 26,462 carefully monitored medical inpatients, 24, or 0.9 per 1,000, were considered to have died as a result of a drug or group of drugs. Most of the patients were seriously ill prior to the event that caused death. Six of the deaths-five from fluid overload and one from excessive potassium therapy-may have been preventable.
Reported is the case of a well-circumscribed radiopaque ameloblastoma of the maxilla. Treatment was by means of a conservative partial resection of the maxilla. The procedure was successful in completely removing the tumor mass without causing any noticeable facial disfigurement. Long-term follow-up was stressed to the patient for early detection of any recurrence.
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Physiological evidence was obtained for a light shielding role for gas vacuoles in Microcystis aeruginosa Kuetz. emend. Elenkin, by comparing photosynthetic oxygen evolution, growth behaviour and pigment composition of cells with intact or collapsed gas vacuoles. The oxygen evolution rates were strongly dependent on cell concentration, a maximum rate for cells with intact gas vacuoles occurring at about 1.4 X 10(9) cells/ml and for cells with collapsed gas vacuoles at about 2.5 X 10(9) cells/ml. By using light saturation curves for oxygen evolution, it was estimated that at low light intensities up to 30% of the photosynthetically useable light was shielded at a cell concentration of 6 X 10(8) cells/ml. Collapsing the gas vacuoles twice daily did not alter the initial growth rate of the cultures, but enabled them to reach a higher final cell density. Collapsing of gas vacuoles during growth for about four generations resulted in a lower level of all acetone soluble pigments with a greater relative reduction in carotenoids than in chlorophyll a. Collapse of the gas vacuoles does not alter the cell volume. Various optical interactions which could account for light shielding are discussed.
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Of the first 600 patients to receive aortocoronary bypass grafts 383 had three diseased vessels, and of them 36 (9%) have died: 20 (5%) in hospital and 16 (4%) late. In 10 of those who died, ventricular function was normal, class I or class II and in the other 26 function was class III or class IV. For all ventricular classes except class IV, improvement in myocardial blood flow with operation was considerably lower than average in those who died. The leading cause of late death was congestive heart failure followed by myocardial infarction, and then by other cardiac complications. Of patients with good (normal, classes I or II) ventricular function, 3.5% died during a mean follow-up period of 27 months; and since, according to published reports, 1% of patients with triple-vessel disease without surgical intervention die each month, the data from this study suggest that survival in this group is improved by 23.5%. This study also shows that in patients with triple-vessel disease and good ventricular function, adequate coronary artery bypass operations (i.e., placement of three grafts or more) improves survival.
The procedure described for the measurement of paint colors represents an attempt to standardize the measurement of color in the forensic science service and provides a means of communicating colors between individuals. The effect of sample size on color comparisons has been discussed. It has been shown that color data collected from many control samples of paint flakes can provide the frequency of occurrence of paint colors. The errors involved in color comparisons have been assessed and the system has been shown to be a practicable one.
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A "guided fantasy" technique is described to relieve insomnia in children without the use of chemotherapy or the more conventional forms of hypnotherapy. In children at an age where fantasy is a spontaneous everyday response, relaxed sleep is induced through listening to a story from a tape that is created from the child's favourite fantasy figures and everyday likes and interests. The 'guided fantasy' is presented by the parents as a novel bedtime story rather than as a therapy procedure by the therapist. The child is allowed to feel he has a controlling influence in putting a favourite figure to sleep within the story, and so is gently led to accept sleep himself by choice. No active therapist is involved so there are no dangers of expected transference or abreaction.
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Light intensity during growth affects the proportion of carbon dioxide fixed by the reductive pentose phosphate cycle relative to that incorporated via C(4) acids in acetate phototrophs of Rhodospirillum rubrum. With cells grown at high light intensity (9000 lux) the specific activities of ribulose-1, 5-diphosphate and propionyl CoA carboxylases were increased compared with cells grown at low light intensity (1500 lux), although pyruvate carboxylase activity was unaltered.Kinetic experiments with cells assimilating acetate at high light intensity showed that when the cells had been grown at high light intensity there was a rapid incorporation of (14)CO(2) into phosphate esters compared with cells grown at low light intensity and fixing (14)CO(2) while assimilating acetate at low light intensity. The percentage of the total radioactivity present in phosphate esters plotted against time gave a negative slope for high light conditions compared with a positive slope for low light conditions. High light-grown cells assimilating acetate at high light intensity showed the greatest combined rate of (14)CO(2) fixation via the reductive pentose phosphate cycle and C(4) acids, and this corresponded to the shortest mean generation time. When cells were grown at high light intensity and allowed to assimilate (14)CO(2) at high light intensity but in the stationary phase, the pattern of (14)CO(2) fixation resembled that for low light-grown cells assimilating acetate and fixing (14)CO(2) at low light intensity, showing that both acetate assimilation and high light intensity were necessary for the rapid incorporation of (14)CO(2) via the reductive pentose phosphate cycle.
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