Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Porter

Publications and source records attributed to J Porter.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A psychiatric consultation-liaison service in a community hospital.

The development of a multidiscipline Psychiatric Consultation-Liaison Service in a 628 bed community hospital is outlined showing its organization and benefits. Specific aspects of the role of each discipline, as well as the process of functioning on a multidiscipline team, are discussed, emphasizing the roles of the psychiatric clinical nurse specialist and psychiatric occupational therapist. Data obtained from 623 patients seen over two years is presented, showing trends similar to other published studies. The effectiveness of the multidiscipline team in allowing the one psychiatrist to significantly increase the number of patients seen in the second year and to become more precise in using the specific skills of the psychiatrist and other team members at the highest possible level of expertise, to meet each type of patient need, is brought into focus.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1988

Profit vs. public welfare goals in investor-owned and not-for-profit hospitals.

A study of goal formation in a matched sample of investor-owned and not-for-profit hospitals was conducted to determine differences in the perceptions of employees regarding their hospitals' commitments to patient/community welfare goals versus profit maximization. These perceptions were compared to available operating data for the same hospitals. While the investor-owned hospitals as a group generally were found to emphasize patient/community welfare values less than their not-for-profit counterparts, this did not hold true when matched pairs were analyzed. In some of the matched subsets, the not-for-profit hospitals were much more profit-oriented than the investor-owned hospitals. This research reveals that strong patient/community service values do not universally characterize not-for-profit hospitals, and conversely investor-owned hospitals cannot always be characterized as profit maximizers.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1988

Multiple donor allotransplantation. A new approach to pancreatic islet transplantation.

Currently it is not feasible to isolate sufficient numbers of islets from a single pancreas for clinical transplantation. We examined whether small numbers of islets obtained from multiple donors could be used for transplantation. Islets were isolated from four inbred strains of mice (DBA/2, DBA/1, C3H, and A.SW) by a stationary collagenase digestion and Ficoll separation and transplanted into the renal subcapsular space of streptozotocin-induced diabetic B6AF1 mice. At least 200 handpicked islets were required to produce normoglycemia in syngeneic and allogeneic diabetic recipient mice. None of the mice given 50 islets became normoglycemic within 2 weeks postgrafting. When various numbers of purified islets from a single donor were transplanted, the survival was significantly better for 200-islet allografts than for 800-islet and 400-islet allografts. When a 200-islet composite graft was prepared from four donors (50 fresh handpicked islets from each donor), the survival of the composite graft as measured by sustained normoglycemia in nonimmunosuppressed recipients was dramatic, with 17 of 18 recipients maintaining normoglycemia indefinitely (greater than 200 days). Similarly, when islets isolated from four donors and cultured for various periods were mixed and transplanted (200 islets/recipient) all recipient mice (n = 8) enjoyed indefinite graft survival. Use of higher numbers of purified islets or crude islets in a composite multiple-donor islet allograft was less effective in achieving indefinite graft survival. Thus, transplantation of a composite graft made up with subtherapeutic numbers of islets from multiple histoincompatible donors to provide adequate therapeutic numbers is a practical solution to the lack of islet availability. In addition, composite islet grafts appear to possess immunological advantages, with significantly prolonged survival over that produced by single-donor islet grafts.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Abdominal rescue after incomplete delivery secondary to large fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma.

Two cases are presented of incomplete vaginal delivery because of fetal sacrococcygeal teratomas. Prompt recognition and aggressive therapy resulted in favorable outcomes with minimal morbidity. The combined vaginal and abdominal manipulations involved repositioning the arms, shoulders, and vertex in the vagina, as the breech was extracted abdominally in a direction opposite to that ordinarily used. While this procedure seemed to work well, it is only applicable when the diagnosis of fetal tumor is made too late to prevent an obstructed delivery. Optimally, obstructed delivery is prevented by early ultrasonographic diagnosis and cesarean delivery before advanced labor.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Rapid detection of viral-specific antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

The development of three separate rapid ELISAs for detecting antibodies in host serum to three different viruses is described. These include: 1. A direct antigen assay using enzyme labelled anti-canine Ig for detecting antibodies to canine parvovirus, 2. A competitive ELISA using a feline infectious peritonitis virus-specific monoclonal antibody labelled with enzyme, and 3. A competitive ELISA using an equine infectious anemia virus-specific monoclonal antibody and enzyme labelled antigen, p. 26. The utility and benefits of each of the three approaches is emphasized.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Reproducible high yield of rat islets by stationary in vitro digestion following pancreatic ductal or portal venous collagenase injection.

Pancreatic distension with collagenase solution followed by stationary in vitro digestion yields large numbers of intact islets. We compared in rats two routes of collagenase injection, pancreatic ductal (PD) and portal venous (PV), for islet yield, in vitro insulin secretory capacities, and in vivo functional viability. The islet yield in the PD method (n = 11) was greater than that in the PV method (n = 8) (682 +/- 27 vs. 417 +/- 39 per pancreas, P less than 0.025). The insulin release from the PD islets in response to 16.7 mM glucose increased gradually following culture, 3.2 +/- 0.8 ng/10 islets/30 min (fresh) to 12.3 +/- 2.1 (24-hr culture). In contrast, insulin release from the PV islets increased during the first 6 hr of culture, but decreased after 24 hr in culture. Under electronmicroscopic examination, the PD islets revealed a well preserved structure with healthy endocrine cells, while the PV islets showed a dilated capillary network and distorted endocrine cell continuity. When 100 PD islets were transplanted into streptozotocin-induced diabetic B6AF1 mice (n = 8), all the recipient mice restored normoglycemia (less than 200 mg/dl) within 1-4 days following transplantation and maintained it until rejection. However, the recipient mice given 100 PV islets showed a significant delay in restoring normoglycemia, and 3 of 8 mice given 100 PV islets were still hyperglycemic on day 4 postgrafting. In summary, pancreatic ductal collagenase injection followed by stationary in vitro digestion reproducibly yields higher numbers of intact and viable islets when compared with portal venous collagenase injection, indicating the superiority of this method to portal venous injection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Synthesis, resolution and characterization of ring substituted phenylalanines and tryptophans.

Experimental protocols have been developed for the synthesis and resolution of numerous ring substituted phenylalanines and tryptophans in half mole quantities. Physical constants on these amino acids are given and their behavior on ion exchange supports (amino acid analyzer and post column ortho-phthalaldehyde derivatization) as well as that of some selected N-methylated amino acids is described. Those amino acids were then derivatized (N alpha-protection with the t-butyloxycarbonyl group) for solid phase peptide synthesis.

Indicators and Reagents↗
PubMed1987

MHA admission criteria and program performance: do they predict career performance?

The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent admission criteria predict graduate school and career performance. The study also analyzed which objective and subjective criteria served as the best predictors. MHA graduates of the University of Minnesota from 1974 to 1977 were surveyed to assess career performance. Student files served as the data base on admission criteria and program performance. Career performance was measured by four variables: total compensation, satisfaction, fiscal responsibility, and level of authority. High levels of MHA program performance were associated with women who had high undergraduate GPAs from highly selective undergraduate colleges, were undergraduate business majors, and participated in extracurricular activities. High levels of compensation were associated with relatively low undergraduate GPAs, high levels of participation in undergraduate extracurricular activities, and being single at admission to graduate school. Admission to MHA programs should be based upon both objective and subjective criteria. Emphasis should be placed upon the selection process for MHA students since admission criteria are shown to explain 30 percent of the variability in graduate program performance, and as much as 65 percent of the variance in level of position authority.

Career Mobility↗
PubMed1987

Response to cosmetic disfigurement: patients with vitiligo.

Vitiligo presents an excellent opportunity to focus on the effect of impaired appearance on the lives of persons with this disease. We questioned 326 patients with vitiligo and obtained an overview of how they perceived others' reactions to them, their own reactions to the disease, and their experiences with physicians. Many patients are frightened and embarrassed by vitiligo, experience discrimination from others, and believe that they do not receive adequate support from their doctors. Implications of these findings for patient care are presented.

Attitude to Health↗