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Biomedical subjects

J Ponce

Publications and source records attributed to J Ponce.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The significance of the reflex bronchoconstriction provoked by gastroesophageal reflux in bronchial asthma.

To demonstrate the existence and assess the magnitude of reflex bronchoconstriction in asthmatics, triggered by gastroesophageal reflux, pulmonary function studies (forced expiratory spirogram, flow-volume loops and airway resistance) were performed during a Bernstein test in 21 adult patients with intrinsic asthma and in 15 controls. Six asthmatics and 7 controls had symptomatic reflux test and a positive standard acid reflux test. Bernstein test was positive in all symptomatic individuals and in 2 asthmatics with a negative standard acid reflux test. Changes in pulmonary function occur only in asthmatics with symptomatic reflux. Decreases were: FEV1 8.4 +/- 3.4; FEF25-75% 45 +/- 7.3; Vmax 15 +/- 8.4; and Sgaw 16 +/- 3.7. Although changes were statistically significant (p less than 0.05), the magnitude of decrease is rather small and unlikely to be felt by an asthmatic or produce wheezy dyspnea. Therefore, even though the presence of acid in the lower esophagus may produce reflex bronchoconstriction in some asthmatics with symptomatic reflux, this appears to be of little significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Manometric evaluation of sphincter of Oddi after endoscopic sphincterotomy, and in patients with previous surgical sphincterotomy.

Pressures in the sphincter of Oddi and common bile duct were determined in eight patients with previous surgical sphincterotomy, and in 14 patients before and after endoscopic sphincterotomy. Motor activity in the sphincter of Oddi was seen during manometric examination in 6 out of 8 patients of the surgical group. These six patients had common bile duct stones after cholecystectomy. Endoscopic sphincterotomy equalized the choledochoduodenal gradient and reduced the sphincter pressure in all the patients except three. In two of them further extension of the length of the sphincterotomy permitted removal of the stones and substantial reduction of the motor activity of the sphincter of Oddi.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The prevalence of asymptomatic gastroesophageal reflux in bronchial asthma and in non-asthmatic individuals.

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is believed to play a pathogenic role in bronchial asthma. The prevalence of asymptomatic GER was studied in 26 patients with intrinsic asthma and 24 matched non-asthmatics without symptoms of reflux. Possible existence of GER was determined through manometry of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), and esophageal pH measurements. The LES pressure was similar in patients without clinical reflux and in controls (16.4 +/- 0.8 and 16.3 +/- 0.7 mm Hg respectively). None of the asymptomatic subjects had spontaneous reflux, but in 9 asthmatics and 9 controls short episodes of reflux were provoked by increased abdominal pressure. The number of episodes and the cumulative duration of these were not statistically different. Therefore, evidence of asymptomatic reflux in our series was found with the same frequency in asthmatics and non-asthmatics. Our results do not support the view that this type of reflux is a primary cause of bronchial asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Esophageal transection and paraesophagogastric devascularization performed as an emergency measure for uncontrolled variceal bleeding.

Thirty patients with portal hypertension underwent as an emergency measure esophageal transection for uncontrolled variceal bleeding. Murphy's anastomotic button and Prioton's clip were used for the transection in 16 patients and the Androsov autosuture stapler gun in the remaining 14 patients. According to the classification of Child, four patients were listed as class A; five, class B, and 21, class C. The survivors have been observed from one to six years. Successful control of the esophageal hemorrhage was achieved in all patients. Immediate operative deaths, within one month, occurred in 17 patients. Five patients had a recurrence of varices. Bleeding recurred in three patients. The over-all survival incidence has been 11 of 30 patients. All survivors are free of hepatic encephalopathy. Transabdominal esophageal mucosal transection with devascularization appears to be satisfactory, but according to our experience, an early recurrence of varices could be expected if the Androsov autosuture stapler gun had been used for the transection.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Acute saline expansion lowers blood pressure of early DOCA salt hypertensive rats.

Changes in blood pressure and body fluids volume caused by an acute saline load were studied in 6 normal and 7 DOCA-salt early hypertensive rats having normal inulin space and plasma volume. After loading, blood pressure increased in the normal group (+23 mm Hg) and fell (-17 mm Hg) in the DOCA-salt group. Expansion of extracellular fluid volume was similar in both groups but expansion of plasma volume was twice as high in the DOCA-salt than in the normal group. The results are compatible with an inhibition of a volume-sensitive vasopressor mechanism possibly involving vasopressin.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Changes in vascular ionic composition at different stages of DOC-salt hypertension in the rat.

1. Sequential changes in the ionic composition of the aorta and skeletal muscle were followed during 1, 2 and 4-6 weeks in 30 rats given deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and salt supplemented with potassium chloride. Twenty-one rats, drinking water, were used as controls. 2. Twenty-five per cent of the test rats were hypertensive after 1 week, 60% after 2 weeks and 100% after 4-6 weeks. 3. Muscle potassium fell in all test rats by an average of 15%. In contrast, aortic potassium fell by 19% only in those rats which did not develop hypertension after 1 week. 4. Total and non-inulin sodium and water of the aorta were normal in rats which remained normotensive after 1 or 2 weeks and high in those which became hypertensive during the same period. 5. Total sodium and water content of the aorta were also high in rats which were hypertensive at 4-6 weeks. However, because of simultaneous expansion of the inulin space, non-inulin fractions were normal in this group. 6. Results suggest that vascular ionic changes participate in the pathogenesis of DOC-salt hypertension through more than a single mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of furosemide on the ionic composition of the arterial wall.

Furosemide decreased the intracellular H2O, Cl and K content and Cl concentration of dog carotid arteries incubated in normal or high K Krebs (123 mM). Cl loss exceeded K loss in normal Krebs but was of the same magnitude in high K Krebs. The findings are compatible with the inhibition of a neutral K-Cl coupled uptake.

Animals↗