Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Pinel

Publications and source records attributed to J Pinel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Therapeutic potential of human antisera to group B streptococcal glycoconjugate vaccines in neonatal mice.

Experimental immunoglobulin preparations for treatment of group B streptococcal (GBS) infections contain low levels of functional antibody and exhibit lot-to-lot variability. GBS capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines have recently been shown to produce high serum levels of type-specific antibody in healthy volunteers. Treatment of neonatal mice 4 h after inoculation with an ordinarily lethal dose of GBS type Ia, Ib, or III with pooled human serum from adults who had received GBS type Ia capsular polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid vaccine (Ia CPS-TT), Ib CPS-TT, or III CPS-TT resulted in 63%, 70%, and 75% survival, respectively. In contrast, < or = 17% of the infected mice treated with normal human serum or saline survived. These results demonstrate the therapeutic activity of GBS polysaccharide conjugate vaccine-induced antiserum and provide a rationale for the use of these vaccines in producing a functional, high-titered intravenous immunoglobulin preparation for clinical use.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Immunogenicity and protective activity in animals of a type V group B streptococcal polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine.

The recent recognition of type V strains as a frequent cause of group B streptococcal (GBS) infection in both infants and adults prompted investigation of an effective vaccine against these organisms. Purified GBS type V polysaccharide was covalently linked to tetanus toxoid to form a type V polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine. The conjugate elicited type V polysaccharide-specific IgG antibodies in rabbits, while unconjugated type V polysaccharide did not. Conjugate-induced rabbit antibodies were opsonic in vitro and protected mice against challenge with type V GBS. Efficacy of the conjugate vaccine also was demonstrated in a maternal vaccination/neonatal challenge model in mice. A GBS type V polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate is an effective immunogen in animal models and may be a useful component for inclusion in a multivalent GBS vaccine for human use.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Drug supply in the aftermath of the 1988 Armenian earthquake.

After the 1988 Armenian earthquake, which affected an area with a population of 700,000, international relief operations sent a minimum of 5000 tons of drugs and consumable medical supplies. Because of difficulties with identification and sorting, only 30% of the drugs were immediately usable by the health workers in Armenia. Such quantities posed numerous problems for transportation and storage. Useless and expired agents comprised 11% and 8% of the drugs, respectively. 20% of all the drugs provided by international aid had to be destroyed by the end of 1989.

Armenia↗
PubMed1982

[Limited resection in partial surgery for carcinoma of the larynx. Prognostic consequences and therapeutic implications].

Limited resection in partial surgery for carcinoma of the larynx leads to discussion of three surgical attitudes: total surgical resection as a matter of principle, additional treatment by radiotherapy, or waiting, with the need for strict surveillance. The present study reports the results of this latter attitude adopted in 23 cases out of 24 of limited resection in a group involving 119 partial laryngectomies (vertical or horizontal) consisting of: 57 cordectomies, 20 hemilaryngectomies, 42 supraglottal laryngectomies. Results of analysis show that there was no recurrence and patients were well with a 3 year follow-up in 19 cases of limited resection out of 24. Overall survival following limited resection was identical to that seen after satisfactory resection, but there was a marked difference with insufficient resection (X2 significant) Following partial laryngeal surgery involving a limit resection, it is felt to be legitimate to temporise as long as the patient can be seen regularly. Such an approach would not seem to modify the overall survival in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The influence of age on the course and prognosis of carcinomas of the larynx and hypopharynx].

On the basis of clinical impressions only, the authors had felt the carcinomas of the larynx and hypopharynx were probably graver in young subjects than in the elderly, and that age was a determinant factor in therapeutic decisions. 585 records including 216 carcinomas of the piriform fossa and 369 carcinomas of the larynx were studied over a period of 8 years. This study failed to reveal any difference related to age between populations aged less than 60 years and more than 60 years, both with regard to the prevalence of carcinomas whatever the siten the presence or absence of nodes, histological spread, loco-regional prognosis and actuarial survival. The latter parameter was studied by establishing the distribution between patients aged less than 55 and those 55 and over to obtain equivalent groups in terms of numbers. Overall, the prognosis seemed to be rather better in the younger patients, which would imply a therapeutic attitude independent of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Surgical diathermy treatment of buccopharyngeal tumors].

Surgical diathermy excision was employed to treatment 138 cases of buccopharyngeal cancer, either as initial followed by irradiation therapy, or as complementary treatment to radiotherapy in unsuccessful cases. Results were favorable in 34 patients with tonsillar carcinoma and 38 cases of soft palate cancer, but the method was only moderately effective for recurrences in these regions. In 36 cases of tongue cancer, and 30 with cancer of the floor of the mouth, this therapeutic procedure was particularly effective for treating patients not responding to radium needle implantation.

Electrocoagulation↗
PubMed1982

[Comparative study of the significance of lymphadenopathy in carcinomas of the hypopharynx, larynx and epiglottis. 574 cases].

The significance of the absence or presence of lymphadenopathy is not the same in relation to the site of the primary tumour. This study involved 574 cases, including 213 carcinomas of the piriform fossa and 361 laryngeal carcinomas, and revealed errors of omission (No - N+) in carcinomas of the piriforme fossa (50% cases) and the possibility of errors of commission (N not equal to - N - in carcinomas of the larynx. This merely confirmed the high level of lymphatic affinity of carcinomas of the piriform fossa, but at the same time emphasised the relative reliability of the clinical assessment of relevent classifications.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of carcinomas of the vallecula and epiglottis by supraglottal surgery. Indications and therapeutic results].

A study of 87 cases of carcinoma of the vallecula and the epiglottis (margin and vestibulum) with the common feature of an essentially identical surgical technique: supraglottal horizontal laryngectomy. In the case of vallecular lesions (34 cases from T1 to T4) this operation, performed from below upwards with lymph node dissection and associated with postoperative radiotherapy, gave oncological results identical to those of total laryngectomy and better than those of other protocols based upon radiotherapy. From a functional standpoint, despite two deaths due to bronchopneumonia, with careful respect paid to local and general contraindications there were no prolonged problems, even if the postoperative course was somewhat longer in lesions of the epiglottis. Carcinomas of the epiglottis (53 cases) did not receive radiotherapy where resection was adequate and lymph node histology negative. The results, better than in those cases involving the vallecula, seemed to be identical to those published in the literature. Such partial surgery, with preservation of the voice, should thus be beneficial in patients suffering from such lesions, in particular when the larynx is unaffected.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Circular pharyngo-laryngectomy: reconstruction by free jejunal transplant and vascular microanastomoses in a single stage. 4 cases].

In a certain number of cases, extensive carcinomas of the hypopharynx require total pharyngeal resection, circular, and hence the restoration of continuity by a plastic procedure. Amongst the numerous procedures used (tubular flaps, substitution using a hollow organ), the authors opted for the use of free jejunal transplant with vascular microanastomoses in a single stage. Four cases very different in terms of their indications are reported. The postoperative course was in general very uncomplicated and characterised by the absence of either abdominal or pharyngeal infection. Swallowing became possible on about the 14th day. Vascular permeability was confirmed by arteriography in three cases and was felt to be satisfactory. This is, however, major surgery with a long operation (between 6 and 10 hours) and which at best requires the cooperation of two teams of surgeons. Indications should be considered with caution and in the present study involved only cases of widely extended pharyngeal carcinomas, with the exclusion of oesophageal involvement going beyond the pharyngo-oesophageal sphincter.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[The surgical treatment of pharyno-oesophageal diverticula].

An up to date report on the surgical technique used in the treatment of pharyngo-oesophageal diverticulum by one-stage diverticulectomy. The authors emphasise the possible difficulties associated with diverticula surrounded by peridiverticulitis, the approach to diverticula with mediastinal extension and practical points which make it possible to simplify the posterative course. The place of myotomy of the cricopharyngeal muscle without ablation of the sac in the treatment of small asymptomatic diverticula is discussed.

Diverticulum↗
PubMed1979

[Schwartz-Bartter syndrome. Presentation of a sub-glottal small cell laryngeal carcinoma (author's transl)].

Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone or Schwartz-Bartter syndrome is considered to be a paraneoplastic endocrine syndrome, most frequently associated with a small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. The authors present a case of sub-glottal laryngeal carcinoma discovered several months after the onset of clinical (disturbances of conscious level) and laboratory (hyponatraemia, hypochloraemia, blood hypo-osmolarity which preservation of urinary sodium output) manifestations which form the original features of this syndrome, the criteria of which are reviewed. The y conclude by the need for complete examination, not excluding unusual sites of primary tumour.

Aged↗