Biomedical subjects
J Peuskens
Publications and source records attributed to J Peuskens.
Risperidone versus haloperidol in the treatment of chronic schizophrenic inpatients: a multicentre double-blind comparative study.
Forty-four chronic schizophrenic inpatients participated in this multicentre 12-week parallel-group double-blind trial. After a run-in period of 2 weeks and a single-blind placebo wash-out of 1 week, they were randomly assigned to treatment with either the serotonin2 and dopamine-D2 antagonist risperidone or haloperidol. Two patients were excluded from the efficacy analysis. Five patients dropped out in the haloperidol group and 1 in the risperidone group. At the end of the trial, the mean daily dose was 12 mg for risperidone and 10 mg for haloperidol. The risperidone group showed greater improvement on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-change version, and the Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation. The improvement of negative symptoms was more pronounced in the risperidone group until week 8 of double-blind treatment. The consumption of antiparkinsonian medication was 10 times lower with risperidone. Both drugs were well tolerated and the laboratory, endocrinological and cardiovascular safety parameters were comparable. This study suggests that risperidone is comparable to haloperidol as an antipsychotic, but that it has a safer EPS profile.
Ventricular enlargement, clinical correlates and treatment outcome in chronic schizophrenic inpatients.
The ventricle-brain ratio (VBR) of 42 chronic schizophrenic patients was compared with that of 42 age-matched medical controls. For the schizophrenics, the relationship of various clinical parameters to the VBR was assessed, and the outcome of 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with either risperidone or haloperidol. The results confirm that schizophrenic patients have slightly enlarged lateral ventricles compared with medical controls. Only for schizophrenics, an effect of age, but not of duration of illness, was noticed. This study does not support the validity of a clinical subdivision of chronic schizophrenic patients on the basis of the VBR. Neither negative, positive nor general psychopathological symptoms, as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS), were related to the VBR, nor were abnormal involuntary movements or extrapyramidal symptoms. No association between season of birth or a family history of major mental disorder and VBR could be demonstrated. Treatment response was predicted by the total PANSS score and the PANSS general psychopathology subscale score at baseline. There was a trend for patients with higher VBR to have a more or haloperidol). or haloperidol).
A double-blind comparative study of remoxipride and haloperidol in schizophrenic and schizophreniform disorders.
The antipsychotic effect of remoxipride was compared to that of haloperidol in a randomized double-blind study with parallel group design comprising 98 patients with schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder according to DSM-III. After a 3-7 day placebo washout period, patients received either 150-600 mg of remoxipride or 5-20 mg of haloperidol daily for 6 weeks. No significant differences in efficacy were found between the two treatments. Treatment-emergent checklist symptoms such as hypokinesia, rigidity, and tremor occurred more frequently and were more severe during haloperidol than during remoxipride treatment despite a significantly higher concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs in the haloperidol group. Haloperidol-treated patients reported greater increases in sleep and salivation than remoxipride-treated patients. Shoulder shaking and tremor were reported as occurring more frequently in the haloperidol group according to the Simpson and Angus rating scale for extrapyramidal symptoms. In summary, the two drugs seemed to be equally efficacious, though the tolerability profile favoured remoxipride.
Hepatotoxicity following treatment with bromperidol.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Absence of intrinsic innervation of the human placenta.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Electron microscopical evaluation of the osmic acid-zinc iodide nerve staining technique (method of Champy-Maillet) on pulmonary tissue.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[A token economy experiment in young schizophrenic patients].
The paradigm of operant behaviour (Skinner) systematically applied to a group constitutes the theoretical basis of token-economy programs. Such a system consists in relating a certain behaviour to a consequence known to the patient. The efficiency of a token-economy has already been demonstrated for various populations: delinquants, schooolboys, chronic psychiatric patients. This pilot-study reports on our experience in applying in token-economy program in a group of young schizophrenics, most of them being hebefrenics: concepts and difficulties in realisation, hierarchical structure of the system, and results obtained.