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Biomedical subjects

J Peter

Publications and source records attributed to J Peter.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Results of clinical trials with the gluconeogenesis inhibitor 2-(3-methylcinnamylhydrazono)-propionate (MCHP)].

Many compounds which directly or indirectly inhibit gluconeogenesis have been described. Some of them showed hypoglycemic action in animal experiments. 2-(3-Methylcinnamylhydrazono)-Propionat (MCHP) a derivative of hydrazine demonstrated marked hypoglycemic action in animal experiments. Nontheless the administration of MCHP to type II diabetic patients showed no hypoglycemic action. Clinical or biochemical sideeffects could not be observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Selective posterior rhizotomy: a long-term follow-up study.

Fifty-one spastic children who had undergone selective posterior lumbar rhizotomy between 1981 and 1984 were re-examined to determine whether the gains achieved had persisted and to look at other aspects that had not previously been explored in detail. The reduction of tone was maintained in all cases, while motor function continued to improve in 42 cases. Functional gains were greatest in children operated on under the age of 8, but pleasing results were also achieved in older children. Forty-five children continued to receive physiotherapy, particular attention being paid to building up muscle strength. Sensory disturbances were minimal, and there was no evidence of spinal instability. Post-rhizotomy orthopaedic surgery for fixed-joint contractures generally brought further improvement. Parents and older children were also questioned and almost all were enthusiastic about the outcome. Rhizotomy can be of considerable benefit to spastic children, but great care must be taken in the selection of suitable cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Establishing an enteral product formulary.

An ever-increasing number of enteral nutrition products is being marketed to hospitals for use with nutritionally compromised patients. At the Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, the nutrition department created a formulary management committee, which developed a system that aligned formulary product selection with the enteral needs of the patients, provided an ongoing system of formulary management, and provided extensive education to dietitians on product formulation. The formulary system involved a stepwise process: determination of categories of products to be considered and criteria for product selection, identification of enteral needs of patients at nutritional risk within the institution, review of current literature on formulation of all major enteral products, and taste evaluation of products to be used orally. Composition of the formulary was then determined, and interdepartmental efforts for implementation were coordinated. The overall department impact included a 37% reduction in variety of products stocked, the creation of an annual update system, and extensive dietitian education on product formulation and usage. The direct impact on patient care was the provision of a formulary specifically targeted to meet the enteral needs of those patients at nutritional risk within the institution.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMed1989

[Vaginal hysterectomy of the non-prolapsed uterus. Rehabilitating a technic].

The main steps to be carried out in the operation of vaginal hysterectomy when the uterus is not prolapsed are overall the same as when vaginal hysterectomy is carried out for prolapse: separation of the bladder from the uterus, opening of the Pouch of Douglas, dividing the utero-sacral ligaments, opening the vesico-uterine pouch, dividing the cardinal ligaments, delivering the fundus of the uterus, freeing the uterine cornua and reperitonealisation. All the same, for each step there are numerous different details to be carried out. Careful attention to all these modifications make it easier to remove a non mobile uterus or one that is markedly enlarged. When the definite advantages of this technique, which is unfortunately insufficiently practised in France, are understood it is the operation of choice rather than the abdominal approach whenever a vaginal approach is possible, which it is in the large majority of cases.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1987

Reversing the upward trend in the cesarean section rate.

The incidence of the main indications for cesarean sections in the last 20 years was analysed. Starting in 1981, we changed our attitude to cesarean sections and gradually initiated various means of decreasing our overall cesarean section rate. As a result, our increasing section rate was reversed in two phases: first by halting the upward trend, plateauing around 12%, followed by a 20% decrease to 9.7% in 1985. The change was in both the primary section rate and the repeat rate. The major decrease was in breech indication (1.2% vs. 2.8%), as a result of more external cephalic versions and fewer elective sections for this indication. By allowing more trials of labor after a prior cesarean section, combined with the reduction in the primary cesarean sections, a decrease in the repeat cesarean sections was noted (2.6% vs. 3.7%). By preventing the self-perpetuation of repeat sections, a reduction in multiple repeat sections is expected in the future. The intrapartum fetal mortality rate was not affected by the decreasing cesarean section rate. A further decrease in our cesarean section rate is expected in the future.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed1987

Trial of labor without oxytocin in patients with a previous cesarean section.

In a 30-month period, 261 of 557 (46.8%) patients underwent a trial of labor. Of these, 215 patients (82.4%) achieved vaginal delivery. The major controversial issues regarding vaginal delivery in patients with a prior cesarean section are oxytocin administration, the inclusion of patients with recurring indications, and the use of epidural analgesia. Oxytocin was not used in this study. When our results were compared to those of others who used oxytocin liberally we found that oxytocin augmentation was not a major factor in increasing significantly the success and vaginal delivery rate. We believe that oxytocin usage should be reserved for selected patients with well-defined indications. When the primary cesarean section was for cephalopelvic disproportion, 66.6% delivered vaginally. This success rate justifies the inclusion of these patients in a trial of labor. Epidural analgesia proved to be a safe and efficient procedure. There was no maternal or perinatal mortality related to trial of labor.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1987

[Diabetes in pregnancy].

Following a review of the literature, often too conflicting, the authors are attempting to define a coherent approach to the problem of diabetes in pregnancy. Described as a diabetic condition occurring during pregnancy, diabetes should be looked for in all pregnant women, using the O'Sullivan's screening test performed between the twenty sixth and thirtieth weeks of amenorrhea. The diagnosis of diabetes will only be confirmed by an oral glucose tolerance test.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[Vaginal hysterectomy of the non-prolapsed uterus. Toward rehabilitation].

The main steps to be carried out in the operation of vaginal hysterectomy when the uterus is not prolapsed are overall the same as when vaginal hysterectomy is carried out for prolapse: separation of the bladder from the uterus, opening of the Pouch of Douglas, dividing the utero-sacral ligaments, opening the vesico-uterine pouch, dividing the cardinal ligaments, delivering the fundus of the uterus, freeing the uterine cornua and reperitonealisation. All the same, for each step there are numerous different details to be carried out. Careful attention to all these modifications make it easier to remove a non mobile uterus or one that is markedly enlarged. When the definite advantages of this technique, which is unfortunately insufficiently practised in France, are understood it is the operation of choice rather than the abdominal approach whenever a vaginal approach is possible, which it is in the large majority of cases.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Parathyroid hormone secretion by brain and pituitary of sheep.

The secretion of immunoreactive PTH by different brain regions and pituitary of sheep was studied in vitro. Separate tissue samples of gyrus, internal capsule, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and pituitary were incubated in culture medium with low, normal, and high Calcium (Ca)(0.7 mM, 1.2 mM and 2.4 mM) concentrations. PTH release in medium containing low Ca were observed by all samples. The concentrations increased in the fifth and sixth hour from 100% (1st hour basis value) up to 300%. The PTH release showed an inverse relationship to the Ca concentration in the culture medium. To induce any significant decrease in medium concentrations of PTH, 1.25(OH)2D (100 ng/ml) was added to the culture medium. This effect could be reversed by DB-cAMP. Our results indicate that secretion of immunoreactive PTH by brain and pituitary of sheep may occur in vitro. The secretion depends on the content of Ca, 1.25(OH)2D, and DB-cAMP.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Scapular notch resection for suprascapular nerve decompression in 12 horses.

Supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscle paralysis with atrophy was treated by partial osteotomy of the scapula, deep to the suprascapular nerve. The horses had various gait abnormalities, which were corrected by the surgery, but regeneration of the muscles varied from partial to complete, depending on the duration of the condition and the degree of atrophy before surgery.

Animals↗