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Biomedical subjects

J Perrin

Publications and source records attributed to J Perrin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A lethal, Larsen-like multiple joint dislocation syndrome.

We describe here two isolated cases of lethal, Larsen-like multiple joint dislocation syndrome. Death occurred shortly after birth with pulmonary insufficiency due to tracheomalacia and/or lung hypoplasia. Both had abnormal dermal collagen bundles. In one case, histochemical studies showed abnormal cartilagenous matrix and striking deficiency in the dense collagen bundles of joint capsules; electronmicroscopic studies of the hyaline cartilage of the trachea documented a relative increase of the small, short fibers with decrease of the matrix collagen fibers. This study confirms that this Larsen-like syndrome is a disorder of connective tissue, possibly involving dysmaturity of the collagen fibers, with a predilection for joint capsules and tracheal cartilage. This lethal condition is characterized by pulmonary insufficiency, tracheomalacia, and collagen fiber dysmaturity.

Collagen Diseases↗
PubMed1981

Efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in prevention of early HBsAg carrier state in children. Controlled trial in an endemic area (Senegal).

Three doses of inactivated hepatitis B vaccine were given at one-month intervals to Senegalese children aged less than two years. A control group received diphtheria/tetanus/polio vaccine. Of those HB vaccine recipients who were seronegative before immunisation, 94.5% had a specific anti-HBs response. Anti-HBs of maternal origin did not interfere with the active immunisation. HB vaccine was without ill-effects, irrespective of hepatitis B marker status before immunisation. After twelve months' follow-up, the incidence of the HBsAg carrier state was reduced by 85% in susceptible children (p less than 0.0001).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Noninvasive recording of the his-purkinje system electrical activity by a digital system design.

The atrioventricular conduction pathways which are composed of the atrioventricular node and the His-Purkinje system (HPS) form a specialized conduction system in the heart that participates in the control of the ventricular conduction. His bundle recordings require cardiac catheterization in the diagnosis of abnormalities within the HPS. These recordings have limitations that include discomfort, a slight morbidity risk, and limited recording area within the heart. This report outlines a noninvasive technique that utilizes high gain, wide band filtering and coherent signals averaging to extract the electrical activity of the HPS at the body surface. We have designed a portable instrument which enables: (i) a high gain, very low noise, optically isolated differential amplifier, (ii) an online digital QRS detector based on the principle of contour limiting which detects the desired QRS complexes and generates a very accurate trigger for the coherent signal averaging; (iii) a digital memory averager. This instrument can be used as an automatic clinical tool or as a data acquisition and preprocessing system for high frequency ECG and many other low level electrophysiological signals.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Assessment of true splanchnic glucoreceptors in the jejuno-ileum of the cat.

In anesthetized cats, the unitary activity of splanchnic sensory neurons were recorded from T9, T10 and T11 spinal ganglia by means of extracellular glass microelectrodes. Twelve neurons, generally silent, were activated by perfusion of jejuno-ileum with glucose solutions (10, 50, 100 or 200 g/l). The responses indicated that the corresponding receptors belonged to the slowly adapting type. The discharge frequencies were always low (less than 10 Imp/sec), but varied according to the glucose concentration. Saline solutions (NaCl having the same osmotic pressure as glucose ones), acid solutions (HCl, pH 2.7), or mechanical stimulation were unable to stimulate them. These neurons must be associated with true glucoreceptors. These receptors were connected via non-myelinated fibres (conduction velocities-0.8-2.4 m/sec). It is concluded that these splanchnic glucoreceptors are similar to vagal glucoreceptors described previously.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1981

Double-blind trial of amineptine and clomipramine in the treatment of depression.

A double-blind trial was carried out in 62 depressed patients to compare the clinical efficacy and acceptability of amineptine and clomipramine. Patients were allocated at random to one or other of two treatment groups and received daily doses of amineptine ranging from 100 to 300 mg (mean 180 mg) or of clomipramine ranging from 50 to 150 mg (mean 84 mg) over a period of 6 weeks. Global assessment of response to treatment and Hamilton Rating Scale scores, assessed before and after 1,3 and 6 weeks of treatment, indicated that the two drugs appeared to be equally effective and no differences between them could be demonstrated in the analysis of the individual items or grouped items of the scale used. Measurements of ocular tone showed that there was significantly less risk of amineptine producing an increase in tone, and blood pressure and electrocardiographic investigations also underlined the greater cardiovascular tolerance of amineptine. Five (16%) of the 32 patients in the clomipramine group were withdrawn from the study because of adverse effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Responses of single units in the inferior olive nucleus to stimulation of the splanchnic afferents in the cat.

The activity of olivary neurons in the caudal parts of the medial accessory olive (MAO) and dorsal accessory olive (DAO) was recorded with extracellular microelectrodes in anesthetized cats. The responses were obtained by electrical stimulation of the contralateral splanchnic nerve and mechanical stimulations of gastro-intestinal and peritoneal receptors. The stimulated mechanoreceptors were slowly adapting muscular receptors of the stomach (connected with C fibers) and slowly adapting peritoneal movement receptors (connected with A gamma delta or B fibers). Splanchno-visceral, splanchno-somatic and splanchno-cortical convergences were observed, as in the cerebellum (lobule V and VI). So, the inferior olive must be considered as an integrating structure not only for central and somatic messages, but also for visceral ones.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1980

Prevention and treatment of serous otitis media with an oral antihistamine. A double-blind study in pediatric practice.

Serous otitis media (SOM) is a common and troublesome disease in childhood. Although antihistamines are commonly prescribed to prevent or treat SOM, there have been no controlled clinical trials to determine the efficacy of such interventions. This study was designed to determine if antihistamines are of value in the prevention or treatment of SOM. Using a randomized double-blind method, 206 children with acute otitis media were treated with antibiotics and either brompheniramine maleate or placebo. The children were evaluated two weeks later by tympanometry and, independently, by combined pneumatoscopy and otoscopy. There were no significant differences overall between the treatment and control groups in terms of preventing SOM: 44% of those on antihistamine and 41% of those on placebo had SOM after two weeks of therapy. However, children with a history of serous otitis media did significantly better on placebo than did those on antihistamine, and children without a history of serous otitis media did significantly better on antihistamine than did those on placebo. One hundred children continued to use antihistamine or placebo for four more weeks. There were no significant differences between the treatment and control groups in terms of resolution of SOM (64% versus 68%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of stimulation of splanchnic mechanoreceptors on the activity of purkinje cells (author's transl)].

Climbing and mossy fibre activity in Purkinje cells of cat cerebellum (vermis part of lobules V and VI) were recorded by means of extracellular microelectrodes. Responses were obtained by stimulation of different types of mechanoreceptors in the gastro-intestinal tract: muscular receptors connected with C fibres, peritoneal movement receptors connected with A gamma delta or B fibres, Pacinian corpuscules connected with A beta fivres. The characteristics of the splanchnic fibre projections on this cerebellar area were defined. Splanchno-somatic, splanchno-visceral, and splanchno-cortical convergences were demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Significance of immunoglobulin deposition in peripheral nerve in neuropathies associated with paraproteinaemia.

Direct and indirect immunofluorescent studies of sural nerves were carried out in two patients with paraproteinaemia and neuropathy, in four other patients with axonal or demyelinating neuropathies, and in one normal sural nerve. IgM was demonstrated directly in the two cases of paraproteinaemia and neuropathy, and indirectly, using the serum of one of these cases, in a case of axonal neuropathy and in one case of chronic Guillain-Barré syndrome. In the latter case, IgM deposition also occurred after exposure to normal serum. These results suggest that the paraprotein itself did not directly cause neuropathy, but that immunoglobulin deposition is probably a secondary process, caused by diffusion into damaged nerves.

Aged↗