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Biomedical subjects

J Peng

Publications and source records attributed to J Peng.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Extragenic suppressors of the Arabidopsis gai mutation alter the dose-response relationship of diverse gibberellin responses.

Active gibberellins (GAs) are endogenous factors that regulate plant growth and development in a dose-dependent fashion. Mutant plants that are GA deficient, or exhibit reduced GA responses, display a characteristic dwarf phenotype. Extragenic suppressor analysis has resulted in the isolation of Arabidopsis mutations, which partially suppress the dwarf phenotype conferred by GA deficiency and reduced GA-response mutations. Here we describe detailed studies of the effects of two of these suppressors, spy-7 and gar2-1, on several different GA-responsive growth processes (seed germination, vegetative growth, stem elongation, chlorophyll accumulation, and flowering) and on the in planta amounts of active and inactive GA species. The results of these experiments show that spy-7 and gar2-1 affect the GA dose-response relationship for a wide range of GA responses and suggest that all GA-regulated processes are controlled through a negatively acting GA-signaling pathway.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed1999

Varicella-zoster virus Fc receptor component gI is phosphorylated on its endodomain by a cyclin-dependent kinase.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein gI is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein which is one component of the heterodimeric gE:gI Fc receptor complex. Like VZV gE, VZV gI was phosphorylated in both VZV-infected cells and gI-transfected cells. Preliminary studies demonstrated that a serine 343-proline 344 sequence located within the gI cytoplasmic tail was the most likely phosphorylation site. To determine which protein kinase catalyzed the gI phosphorylation event, we constructed a fusion protein, consisting of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the gI cytoplasmic tail, called GST-gI-wt. When this fusion protein was used as a substrate for gI phosphorylation in vitro, the results demonstrated that GST-gI-wt fusion protein was phosphorylated by a representative cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) called P-TEFb, a homologue of CDK1 (cdc2). When serine 343 within the serine-proline phosphorylation site was replaced with an alanine residue, the level of phosphorylation of the gI fusion protein was greatly reduced. Subsequent experiments with individually immunoprecipitated mammalian CDKs revealed that the VZV gI fusion protein was phosphorylated best by CDK1, to a lesser degree by CDK2, and not at all by CDK6. Transient-transfection assays carried out in the presence of the specific CDK inhibitor roscovitine strongly supported the prior results by demonstrating a marked decrease in gI phosphorylation while gI protein expression was unaffected. Finally, the possibility that VZV gI contained a CDK phosphorylation site in its endodomain was of further interest because its partner, gE, contains a casein kinase II phosphorylation site in its endodomain; prior studies have established that CDK1 can phosphorylate casein kinase II.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Increased hemangioblast commitment, not vascular disorganization, is the primary defect in flt-1 knock-out mice.

We previously demonstrated the essential role of the flt-1 gene in regulating the development of the cardiovascular system. While the inactivation of the flt-1 gene leads to a very severe disorganization of the vascular system, the primary defect at the cellular level was unknown. Here we report a surprising finding that it is an increase in the number of endothelial progenitors that leads to the vascular disorganization in flt-1(-/-) mice. At the early primitive streak stage (prior to the formation of blood islands), hemangioblasts are formed much more abundantly in flt-1(-/-) embryos. This increase is primarily due to an alteration in cell fate determination among mesenchymal cells, rather than to increased proliferation, migration or reduced apoptosis of flt-1(-/-) hemangioblasts. We further show that the increased population density of hemangioblasts is responsible for the observed vascular disorganization, based on the following observations: (1) both flt-1(-/-) and flt-1(+/+) endothelial cells formed normal vascular channels in chimaeric embryos; (2) wild-type endothelial cells formed abnormal vascular channels when their population density was significantly increased; and (3) in the absence of wild-type endothelial cells, flt-1(-/-) endothelial cells alone could form normal vascular channels when sufficiently diluted in a developing embryo. These results define the primary defect in flt-1(-/-) embryos at the cellular level and demonstrate the importance of population density of progenitor cells in pattern formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[The genotype-based haplotype relative risk and transmission disequilibrium test analyses of familial febrile convulsions].

OBJECTIVE: To confirm the linkage of familial febrile convulsions to the short arm of chromosome 6(6p) or the long arm of chromosome 8(8q). METHODS: The authors finished genotyping of Pst I locus on the coding region of heat shock protein (HSP) 70, 5'untranslated region of HSP70-1, 3' untranslated region of HSP70-2, D8S84 and D8S85. The data were processed by the genotype-based haplotype relative risk(GHRR) and transmission disequilibrium test(TDT) methods in PPAP. RESULTS: Some signs of association and disequilibrium between D8S85 and FC were shown by GHRR and TDT. CONCLUSION: A suspect linkage of familial febrile convulsions to the long arm of chromosome 8 has been proposed.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6↗
PubMed1999

[Evaluation of mass screening for breast cancer in the Somme district (France) between 1990 and 1996].

BACKGROUND: Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that screening by mammography can reduce breast cancer mortality by 30% in women aged 50 to 69 years. In France, pilot screening programs were begun in 1989 and particularly in the Somme district. After 6 years and two rounds, the aim of this study was to assess the quality and the effectiveness of this screening program. METHODS: The quality of the campaign was measured concerning effectiveness (recall rate, positive predictive value of screening test or of the screening procedure, intervention rate, breast cancer detection rate) or quality (percentage of in situ cancers, invasive cancers smaller than 10 mm, invasive cancers without lymph node invasion). These indicators were compared with European targets. RESULTS: Attendance rates at 6 years ranged from 33.6% to 37.1%. The recall rate was 14.3% in the first and 7.8% in the second round, 6.4 and 6 cancers were detected per 1,000 women screened during the first and second round, and 38.5% of invasive cancers were of 10 mm or less (27.4% during the first round) and 70.8% had no nodal involvement (68.3% during the first round). CONCLUSION: Results from the screening system are variable yet satisfactory overall, due to the progressive implementation of quality assurance. However attendance rates remain low, whereas actual coverage is 64% in Somme district.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

Diagnostic role of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic role of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65-Ab) in latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) and the frequency of GAD-Ab in Chinese patients initially diagnosed as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). METHODS: Forty-five control subjects and 195 consecutive inpatients initially classified as NIDDM with > or = 35 years of age at onset and nonketotic history for > 6 months after diagnosis, were recruited. In vitro transcripted and translated recombinant human 35S-GAD65 was used in radioligand assay of GAD-Ab. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of GAD65-Ab was 14.8% (29/195) in NIDDM patients and 2.2% (1/45) in control subjects, respectively. Of the 29 GAD65-Ab positive patients, 17 (58.6%) were insulin-deficient while 12 (41.4%) were non-insulin-deficient. The prevalence of GAD65-Ab in NIDDM group with age of < 40 years at diabetes onset, ketotic history, body mass index (BMI) < 21 kg/m2, were significantly higher than that of corresponding control diabetic subgroups (2.5, 4.1 and 3.2 times, respectively). The sex, duration, symptoms of polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss at onset of the disease were not related to the prevalence of GAD65-Ab positivity. CONCLUSIONS: In China, patients initially diagnosed as NIDDM may in many cases suffer from LADA. Testing by GAD65-Ab may be of assistance to identifying LADA at the earliest stage of disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Historical studies of the systems of diagnosis and treatment of exopathogenic diseases.

The systems of diagnosis and treatment of exopathogenic diseases has a long history. The six channel pattern identification and the defense - qi- construction - blood and triple - jiao pattern identifications are the most famous but not complete. The exterior, interior, excess and heat pattern identification and the six channel qi transformation pattern identification, founded by Liu Hejian, Yang Lishan, Yu Shiyu and Yu Genchu et al. during the Jin and Qing dynasties, should be considered the other two important systems, which can be used as supplements to schools of Shanghan (cold damage) and Wenbing (warm disease). Moreover, it should be pointed out that treatment according to the pattern identification is not the only way to treat exopathogenic disease. Rather, treatment according to the disease, which chiefly are the experience of folk doctors recorded in formulary books during the Jin and Tang dynasties, supplied many effective formulas for various systems of the treatment according to the pattern identification in later ages. One of them lays emphasis on the technics of thinking, the other on the accumulation of personal experience. The combination of the two is the right way to promote the therapeutic effect of exopathogenic disease.

China↗
PubMed1999

[Limited pleuro-pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma associated with cancerous pleural effusion].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of limited pleuro-pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma associated with cancerous pleural effusion. METHODS: From January. 1994 to December 1997 we performed limited pulmonary lobectomy wedge resection of lung, resection of the metastases of the parietal pleura, visceral pleura, diaphragmatic pleura and pericardiac pleura, and electro incision of the micormetastases of the above position as well as cleaning the mediastinal lymph nodes in 14 cases. RESULTS: The 14 cases were followed-up to December 1998. Eight patients of them died, the other 6 patients survived with a survival period of 7 - 30 months (median survival period 16.5 months). No pleural effusions recurrence was seen. The longest survival period was 30 months. There were no operative mortality and no severe postoperative complication. Chest distress, dyspnea and pain of chest or abdomen were relieved. CONCLUSIONS: This simple method has such advantages as, less traumatic, rapid rehabilitation and effective control of pleural effusion. The postoperative survival period is longer than that of palliative operation and medical therapy. The pain caused by parietal pleural metastasis can be relieved.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

[Studies on precipitate of Huanglian-Huangqin couples in decoction].

OBJECTIVE: Chemical composition of precipitate was researched when Huanglian-Huangqin was decocted. METHOD: Ployamide column chromatography, TLC and TOF-MS were used. RESULT: The precipitate contains berberine, palmatine, jalrorrhizing, epiberberine, copticine, baicaling and wogonoside. CONCLUSION: The precipitate is effective composition in Chinese medical decoction. The research provides new data on medical effects of Huanglian-Huangqin couples.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1999

[The treatment to esophagus stricture with Ni-Ti shape memory alloy stand(with the report of 19 clinical cases)].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the use of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy stand in treating the stricture of esophagus. METHOD: After finding the stricture part of esophagus under X-ray, the metal guide string was put through the esophagoscope. Dilatation of esophagus was performed firstly. Then the inserting instrument, which has the Ni-Ti shape memory alloy stand inside, was put through the stricture part along the metal guide string and the stand which can return to its original shape automatically was released. Barium meal examination of esophagus was performed after the operation to determine the site of the stand and to realize the smooth degree of esophagus. RESULT: All 19 patients got a successful operation at one time. They swallowed freely after the operation. The effective rate was 100%. CONCLUSION: Ni-Ti shape memory alloy stand can dilate the stricture of esophagus quickly, improve swallowing function obviously. The operation can be easily performed. The therapeutic effectiveness is reliable, and there is no serious complication. This can be used as a routine method in treating the stricture of esophagus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Determination of glycyrrhizic acid in glycyrrhiza preparations with capillary electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography].

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography(MECC) have been used to determine glycyrrhizic acid in glycyrrhiza preparations. By HPLC, mobile phase was V(methanol):V(water):V(acetic acid) = 75:23.5:1.5. By CZE, experiment was performed with 15 kV power, 0.075 mm i.d. x 800 mm fused-silica capillary column and UV detector. Samples were injected into the capillary by electromigration injection for 20 s. Absorbance detection was at 254 nm. The running buffer was made up of 0.02 mol/L dipotassium hydrogenphosphate and borax (pH 9.0). By MECC, the running buffer was made up of 0.025 mol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 0.02 mol/L dipotassium hydrogenphosphate and borax (pH 9.0). Each new capillary was washed with 0.1 mol/L NaOH, deionized water and buffer, each for 3 min, before use. Comparison of the results of analysis with HPLC, CZE and MECC has been made. It was found that result of MECC was very close to that of HPLC. MECC has been satisfactorily applied to plant drug analysis.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1999

[Use of diagnostic ultrasound of sinus in the paranasal sinus disease].

OBJECTIVE: To utilize the diagnostic A ultrasound of sinuses in the diagnosis of paranasal sinus disease. METHOD: Through history enquirement, careful clinical otorhinolaryngological examination, X-ray examination of paranasal sinus, CT, maxillary sinus puncture and examination of the diagnostic ultrasound of sinus, we observed 115 patients with paranasal sinus disease and compared them with 22 normal people who were in control group. RESULTS: In normal people, the according rate between ultrasound examination and clinicaly diagnostic methods, include history enquirement, otorhinolaryngological examination, X-ray examination, CT and maxillary puncture, is 100%. And in the group of patients with paranasal disease, the according rate is 62.5%-92%. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic A ultrasound of sinus has high accuracy, the control is easy, the cost is relatively lower, it can be used repeatedly and do no harm to the patient's health. It is a good method and assistant technigue in the diagnosis of frontal and maxillary sinus disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Chemical constituents of the essential oil from the fruits of Lindera glauca and its antifungal activities].

The chemical constituents of the two essential oils extracted from the fruits of Lindera glauca by hydrodistillation and petroleum ether have been studied by means of GC-MS. Among which, 32 kinds of constituents were identified in distilling oil and 22 kinds in solvent oil. The main components in distilling oil were n-carpric acid (25.39%), germacrene A (10.71%), n-dodecanole acid (10.08%), epishyobunol acetate (7.29%) and caryophyllene oxide (5.44%), and in solvent oil were camphene (17.55%), 3,6,6-trimethyl-2-norpinene (16.85%), capric acid, ethyl ester (13.61%), eucalyptol (8.10%), and alpha-cis-ocimene (7.38%), In vitro the distilling oil exhibited more manifest antifungal properties than the solvent oil with MIC between 0.03-0.5 ml/L for pathogenic fungi species and 1.0-1.5 ml/L for moulds. Almost having not contained the sesquiterpenoids and their derivatives in the solvent oil maybe were a reason of poor inhibitory.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1999

[GC-MS analysis and inhibitory activity of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Lindera communis].

The essential oil isolated from the dried leaves of Lindera communis was analyzed by means of gas chromatography-mass(GC-MS) technique, the structures of 23 chemical components were identified from it in total, among these, (-)-spathulenol(relative content 22.50%), endo-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-norbornanol, acetate (10.06%), caryophyllene oxide (6.74%) and germacrene B(6.71%) were the main constituents. And also the oil in vitro exhibited manifest antifungal and antibacterial activities against 4 fungi pathogen species and 4 bacterial species with MIC between 0.08-0.8 ml/l.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1999

[The treatment of stricture of larynx and trachea with Ni-Ti shape memory alloy stand].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy stand in the treatment of stricture of larynx and trachea. METHODS: The clinical materials of 14 patients were analyzed. All patients had stricture of larynx and trachea and accepted the treatment with Ni-Ti shape memory alloy stand. RESULTS: All patients breathed freely after the operation, and the trachea fistula was closed at the time of operation. The follow-up survey for these patients lasted for 2 to 12 months. None of the patients had signs of the stricture of the respiratory tract. The short-term effective rate was 100%. CONCLUSION: Ni-Ti shape memory alloy stand can expand the stricture of larynx and trachea quickly and thus improve the breath effectively. It can be used as a routine method in the treatment of stricture of larynx and trachea.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Synergistic effects of mycophenolate mofetil and sirolimus in prevention of acute heart, pancreas, and kidney allograft rejection and in reversal of ongoing heart allograft rejection in the rat.

BACKGROUND: The effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and sirolimus (rapamycin, RAPA) mono- and combination-therapy was examined in prevention of acute heart, pancreas, and kidney allograft rejection and in reversal of ongoing heart allograft rejection in the rat. METHODS: Both drugs were administered orally for up to 30 days. Eleven groups (n=6) were involved in the first part of the heart allografting model. Brown Norway (RT1n) to Lewis (RT1(1)) combination was used in the heart and pancreas transplantation models, whereas Buffalo (RT1b) to Wistar Furth (RT1u) was used in the kidney transplantation model. RESULTS: The naive control group showed a mean survival time of 6.5+/-0.6 days. There were graded dose-responses to monotherapy of MMF 10 and 20 mg(kg/ day (12.5+/-2.6 days; 19.3+/-9.0 days) and RAPA 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.8 mg/kg/day (19.2+/-2.0 days; 30.0+/-7.3 days; 50.8+/-12.5 days; 51.2+/-2.6 days), respectively (P=0.001). Results with the combined use of drugs indicate that a synergistic or very strong synergistic interaction was produced when compared with monotherapy of MMF or RAPA: MMF 10 mg(kg/day+RAPA 0.2 mg/kg(day (52.7+/-5.7 days, combination index [CI] =0.189), MMF 20 mg(kg/day+RAPA 0.2 mg/kg/day (57.7+/-5.7 days, CI=0.084), MMF 10 mg/kg/day+RAPA 0.4 mg(kg/day (50.2+/-13.5 days, CI=0.453), and MMF 20 mg/kg(day+ RAPA 0.4 mg/kg(day (51.5+/-6.8 days, CI=0.439), respectively. These results were repeatable in the prevention of acute pancreas and kidney allograft rejection in the rat. In the second part of the study of reversal of ongoing acute heart allograft rejection model, the combined treatment of MMF 10 mg/kg(day+RAPA 0.2 mg/ kg(day (35.5+/-16.0 days, CI=0.794) and MMF 20 mg/kg day+RAPA 0.2 mg(kg/day (57.2+/-4.7 days, CI=0.310) represented synergistic interaction compared with monotherapy of MMF or RAPA. CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant therapy of MMF and RAPA produces a synergistic effect in prevention of heart, pancreas, and kidney allograft rejection and in reversal of ongoing heart allograft rejection in the rat.

Acute Disease↗