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Biomedical subjects

J Payer

Publications and source records attributed to J Payer.

77 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma cholecystokinin and somatostatin levels in chronic pancreatitis patients.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The existence of a negative-feedback mechanism between pancreatic enzyme secretion and intraduodenal proteases and the role of cholecystokinin in its mediation in humans is debatable. The presence of such a feedback mechanism in chronic pancreatitis patients with exocrine enzyme deficiency possibly leads to an increase in cholecystokinin plasma levels. Somatostatin has been used in many studies in the therapy of pain in chronic pancreatitis and plays a role in the regulation of cholecystokinin levels, however data on its plasma levels are still lacking. METHODOLOGY: Basal and the postprandial cholecystokinin and somatostatin levels in 30 patients with chronic pancreatitis (11 with severe chronic pancreatitis and 19 with mild chronic pancreatitis) were measured 14 days after discontinuation of enzymatic substitution therapy and then were compared with the levels taken from 25 healthy subjects. RESULTS: The cholecystokinin postprandial plasma levels were significantly higher in patients with chronic pancreatitis when compared with those of healthy individuals (P < 0.01). Basal, somatostatin, cholecystokinin and postprandial somatostatin levels were not significantly higher than those in healthy subjects. There was no correlation between basal and postprandial levels of cholecystokinin and somatostatin in our study. CONCLUSIONS: The cholecystokinin postprandial plasma levels were significantly higher in all patients with chronic pancreatitis when compared with healthy individuals, which suggests the role of cholecystokinin in the feedback control of pancreatic secretion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circannual periodicities in the incidence of ulcerative colitis do persist in the era of chemotherapy.

A series of 274 attacks (256 of them recurring) of ulcerative colitis in 158 subjects, observed between January 1974 and December 1990 in Bratislava (48 degrees N, 17 degrees E), Slovakia, has been processed by R.A. Fisher's periodogram and F. Halberg's cosinor procedure. In spite of the long-term administration of sulfasalazin and/or corticosteroids, an unequivocal statistically significant (alpha = 0.01) annual (P = 0.0003) rhythmicity was identified. The amplitudes of both cycles were very similar, approximately 25% of the MESOR. The first estimated peak occurred in the second half of March and the first half of April, with an estimated increase of more than 50% over the average monthly incidence, resulting from coincident acrophases of both components. The second semiannual peak occurred at the end of September and early October. It is concluded that the long-term chemotherapy, applied in the majority of cases, failed to substantially influence the known circannual variations of the disease attacks. The issue has to be taken into account in planning prevention measures, treatment and its evaluation, as well as in organizing the regimen of management in endoscopic centers.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Somatostatin and large bowel polyps.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Somatostatin, a polypeptide hormone, inhibits cellular proliferation of the mucosa. As this cellular proliferation has been observed in large bowel polyps and cancer, the exact pattern of secretion may be of importance to the understanding of such diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The circadian (24 hours rhythmicity) of plasma somatostatin was studied and established in patients suffering from large bowel polyps. Blood was drawn from the study subjects at regular intervals and the plasma somatostatin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: In both groups, a circadian rhythm of somatostatin was confirmed. In patients with P higher mesor (p < 0.05), higher 24 hour amplitude (p < 0.05) and longer acrophase (p < 0.05) were found. CONCLUSION: These findings may indicate the defense antiproliferative role of somatostatin in malignant and premalignant states. Somatostatin may prove beneficial as one of the treatment possibilities for large bowel polyps.

Adenomatous Polyps↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circadian rhythmicity of plasma somatostatin, gastrin and cortisol in colon cancer patients.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of the study was to compare somatostatin, gastrin and cortisol levels over a 24 hour period in patients suffering from large bowel cancer and to compare this group with healthy subjects and patients suffering from other large bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis, large bowel polyps). MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 11 cancer patients (8 men and 3 women). The plasma levels of somatostatin, gastrin and cortisol were determined by radioimmunoassay. Fisher's periodogram and Halberg's cosinor analysis were used for statistical evaluation. RESULTS: We confirmed 24-hour rhythm of somatostatin, gastrin and cortisol secretion in patients with colon cancer. The most important findings were a higher mesor (p < 0.01) of gastrin compared to all other groups and a lower 24-hour amplitude (p < 0.05) and a shorter 12-hour acrophase (p < 0.05) of cortisol compared to all other groups were found. CONCLUSION: Chrono-abnormalities in gastrin and cortisol secretion may reflect the role of gastrin in the etiopathogenesis of colon cancer and a reduced responsiveness to stimulus in patients with malignant diseases. Somatostatin blood levels probably do not reflect its antitrophic effect at cellular and subcellular level.

Adult↗