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Biomedical subjects

J Paterson

Publications and source records attributed to J Paterson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cholecystokinin concentration in specific brain areas of rats fed during the light or dark phase of the circadian cycle.

Measurement of peptide concentration in specific areas can be used as an initial investigative method for identifying brain sites in which the peptides may be acting. In this study cholecystokinin (CCK) concentration in specific hypothalamic and hindbrain areas of male Sprague-Dawley rats was measured in order to determine whether changes occurred as a result of feeding activity during different portions of the circadian cycle. Three groups of 40 rats each were studied: Group 1 were fasted 16 hr during the dark phase then sacrificed immediately or after a 20 min light phase meal. Group 2 were fasted 16 hr during the light phase then sacrificed immediately after lights out or after a 20 min dark-onset meal. Group 3 were fed ad lib and sacrificed immediately after light out or after a 20 min dark-onset meal. CCK was extracted from dissected areas and concentration was measured by RIA. There was no difference in CCK concentration of any of the 9 brain areas in rats fasted during the dark phase and fed during the light phase. In rats fasted during the light phase CCK concentration of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) was greater in those that subsequently ate a meal at dark-onset than in those that did not eat (p less than 0.05). In ad lib fed rats CCK concentration was less in the anterior hypothalamus (AH) and greater in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) in rats that ate a dark-onset meal than in rats that did not (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of the efficacy of trace element supplementation of an anthelmintic.

The efficacy of the selenium and cobalt contents of a trace element supplemented anthelmintic was evaluated in a series of trials with lambs in Scotland and Northern Ireland. The product was compared with other methods of supplementation and was found to be an adequate source of selenium when administered at monthly intervals. Its cobalt content was shown to be of some nutritional benefit on four of five sites but not as effective as the monthly 250 mg oral cobalt dose, vitamin B12 injection or intraruminal soluble glass bolus treatments also used. No growth responses were obtained and unsupplemented animals generally had an adequate cobalt and selenium status. No toxicity problems were encountered from either element.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Natural history of "early" gastric cancer: results of a 10-year regional survey.

In "early" gastric cancer the depth of invasion by the primary tumour is confined to the submucosa of the stomach. Out of 13228 cases of gastric cancer notified to the Birmingham Cancer Registry during 1960-9, 90 (0 . 7%) were identifed as early gastric cancer. The crude five-year survival rate of these 90 patients was 57 . 8% (age-adjusted rate 70 . 4%) compared with 3 . 7% (age-adjusted rate 4 . 7%) for all cases and 14 . 6% (age-adjusted rate 17 . 4%) for the cases treated radically. Prognostic factors established for gastric cancer pertained equally to early gastric cancer. Most of the 90 patients had had symptoms related to the gastrointestinal tract, but in contrast to patients with advanced gastric cancer only 19% had lost weight on admission. These findings suggest that early investigation of dyspeptic symptoms would increase the detection of early gastric cancer, the most important prognostic group identified in gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Performance of animals fed crop residues.

Ruminants can utilize crop residues as sources of energy, but productivity is low because of the high level of cell walls and lignin. Chemicals, especially sodium hydroxide, have been used to increase the digestibility of crop residues. Hemicellulose is solubilized and the extent and rate of cellulose and hemicellulose digestion are increased. Two systems have been developed for chemical treatment. The first involves pelleting finely ground residue in combination with sodium hydroxide treatment. A dense, easily transported feed-stuff is produced. The second method is an "on-the-farm" method that utilizes a minimum amount of equipment. In vitro and in vivo digestibilities have been increased from 10 to 20 percentage units by sodium hydroxide treatment. While lamb and cattle gains have generally been increased by feeding chemically treated residues, the level of performance often has not been as great as would be predicted from in vitro digestibilities. Sodium residues following chemical treatment have been shown to increase rate of passage from the rumen and reduce rumen fiber digestion. The use of alfalfa with sodium hydroxide-treated residues and the use of ammonium or calcium hydroxides for treatment have good potential.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1978

Assessment of rheumatoid inflammation in the knee joint. A reappraisal.

Subjective pain score, clinical assessment, 99m technetium joint uptake, infrared thermography, and thermistor skin temperature measurements were evaluated and compared in patients with rheumatoid knee treated with intra-articular hydrocortisone. In 11 patients with definite and classical rheumatoid arthritis, 10 of whom had unilateral knee involvement, the affected knee joints were assessed by the above techniques before and at intervals after treatment of up to 14 days. The anti-inflammatory property of the steroid therapy was shown by all the assessment parameters, values having decreased significantly from the pretreatment values. However, the only parameter still showing a statistically significant decrease on the 14th post-treatment day was 99mTc joint uptake. Correlations were obtained between the two clinical measurements assessed by a physician i.e. pain score and index of joint inflammation. Both of these also correlated with the 99mTc joint uptake but not with skin temperature measurements. Using the clinical assessments as a yardstick, 99mTc joint uptake seemed to provide a useful index of changes in disease activity in the group as a whole. However, skin temperature measurements by infrared thermography and by the thermistor were of considerably less value.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1975

Diagnosis of osteomyelitis in children by combined blood pool and bone imaging.

Differentiation of osteomyelitis from cellulitis or septic arthritis can be difficult. The radiological examination often does not have the characteristic features. Seventy of 71 children with osteomyelitis had focal areas of increased radioactivity at the site of the infection. The addition of "blood pool" images aids in the interpretation of the study as they permit evaluation of the effect of hyperemia. The 13 childrenwith cellulitis had diffuse increase in radioactivity involving both the bones and soft tissues. Bone imaging as the initial screening procedure for osteomyelitis is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subcutaneous hydration.

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Adaptation, Psychological↗