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Biomedical subjects

J Parkin

Publications and source records attributed to J Parkin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Telephone use by patients fitted with the Ineraid cochlear implant.

A survey of telephone use by 66 patients fitted with the Ineraid cochlear prosthesis revealed that 51% initiate telephone calls (most calls are to family or friends) and that 66% answer the telephone. Of the patients who answer the telephone, 49% indicated that they could identify the gender and/or age of the caller most of the time, 27% could identify a familiar caller most of the time, and 48% indicated that they could understand a conversation most of the time if speaking to a familiar speaker about a familiar topic. Understanding dropped rapidly as the speaker and topic became unfamiliar.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1991

Eosinophilic leukemia: a myeloproliferative disorder distinct from the hypereosinophilic syndrome.

Evidence to support the existence of eosinophilic leukemia (EL) as an autonomous eosinophilic proliferation analogous to other myeloproliferative disorders has been somewhat confusing. Partially obscuring the existence of EL as a distinct entity is the proposal that EL merely represents a clinically aggressive form of hypereosinophilic syndrome. This report details the clinical and pathologic findings in a case of EL. The presence of trisomy 8 and trisomy 21; morphologic, cytochemical, and ultrastructural findings of granular abnormalities and nuclear/cytoplasmic dysynchrony; and a clinical course similar to that of other myeloproliferative disorders support the existence of EL as a rare but distinct entity within the spectrum of myeloproliferative diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Pitch scaling and speech understanding by patients who use the Ineraid cochlear implant.

Pitch scaling was assessed for 10 normal-hearing listeners and 8 patients who use the Ineraid multichannel cochlear implant. For two patients who were excellent users of the prosthesis, pitch increased over a wide range of frequencies (100 Hz to 2333-3000 Hz). For three patients who were above average users of the prosthesis, pitch increased with frequency over a smaller range (100 Hz to 1200-2300 Hz). For three patients who demonstrated poor word recognition ability, pitch increased with frequency over a very small range (100 Hz to 600-1000 Hz). These results suggest that differences in speech understanding among patients who use the Ineraid may be accounted for, in part, by the range of pitch available through the implant.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1990

Acoustic cues for consonant identification by patients who use the Ineraid cochlear implant.

Ten patients who use the Ineraid cochlear implant were tested on a consonant identification task. The stimuli were 16 consonants in the "aCa" environment. The patients who scored greater than 60 percent correct were found to have high feature information scores for amplitude envelope features and for features requiring the detection of high-frequency energy. The patients who scored less than 60 percent correct exhibited lower scores for all features of the signal. The difference in performance between the two groups of patients may be due, at least in part, to differences in the detection or resolution of high-frequency components in the speech signal.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Protracted enteric cryptosporidial infection in selective immunoglobulin A and saccharomyces opsonin deficiencies.

Chronic cryptosporidial infection in man usually occurs in those who are immunocompromised. We report a patient with a one year history of bowel symptoms resulting from persistent cryptosporidial infection of the colon. Investigations showed underlying selective IgA and saccharomyces opsonin deficiencies but no evidence of cell mediated immune dysfunction. Both selective immunoglobulin A and opsonin deficiencies are relatively common in the general population and may be a cause of susceptibility to persistent cryptosporidial infection.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1987

HIV antigen testing.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1987

Transient atypical lymphocytosis in patients with emergency medical conditions.

Lymphocytosis in older adults is unusual and frequently indicates chronic lymphocytic leukemia or other lymphoproliferative disorder. This report describes 73 patients, aged 43 to 93 years, who presented with emergency medical conditions and who had absolute lymphocytosis, with absolute lymphocyte counts ranging from 4.1 to 12.9 X 10(9)/L (4100 to 12,900/mm3). The lymphocytosis was characterized morphologically by atypical lymphocytes and was transient, followed, in most instances, by a neutrophilia. Most of the patients presented with serious cardiac conditions; the remaining presented with other critical disorders including status epilepticus and traumatic injuries. The mortality rate was high (50%). The lymphocytosis in some patients was probably secondary to the administration of epinephrine. The lymphocytosis in those not receiving epinephrine may have represented a physiologic reaction to severe stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Morphologic and ultrastructural characteristics of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The morphology, ultrastructure, and acid phosphatase activity of the leukemic cells of 11 cases of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) were studied. Distinctive small cells with markedly hyperchromatic convoluted nuclei comprised from 2 to 25% of the leukemic cells in the blood and bone marrow smears of 10 of the 11 patients. Similar cells were found in only four of 47 cases on non-T, non-B-ALL. Many of these small leukemic cells exhibited ultrastructurally nuclear membrane reduplication and nuclear blebs and splits. The presence of these small leukemic cells with markedly hyperchromatic convoluted nuclei in ALL is strongly suggestive of T-ALL. This cytomorphologic finding, when combined with the presence of strong focal acid phosphatase activity, lends even greater predictability of a T-cell process.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

Chronic lymphoproliferative disorder with unusual clinical, morphologic, ultrastructural and membrane surface marker characteristics.

Four of 105 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) manifested clinical, morphologic, ultrastructural and membrane surface marker characteristics that differed from those found in patients with typical CLL of demonstrated B-lymphocyte origin. These four patients presented with moderate increases in absolute lymphocyte counts, absolute neutropenia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia and hepatosplenomegaly without lymphadenopathy. Two of them were unusually young, 19 and 25 years old, at the time of diagnosis. The proliferating lymphocytes carried receptors for sheep erythrocytes, a T-lymphocyte marker. In the three patients tested, the lymphocytes also carried Fc receptors. Ultrastructurally the lymphocytes contained cytoplasmic inclusion bodies consisting of parallel tubular arrays. The parallel tubular arrays corresponded to prominent cytoplasmic azurophilic granules on light microscopy. Parallel tubular arrays were found in less than 1 per cent of the lymphocytes in eight patients with typical B-lymphocyte CLL. The process in these four patients may be a distinctive chronic lymphoproliferative disorder originating in T lymphocytes with Fc receptors found in small numbers in the blood of normal persons.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Ultrastructural, cytochemical, and membrane surface marker characteristics of the atypical lymphocytes in infectious mononucleosis.

Atypical lymphocytes from nine young adults with acute infectious mononucleosis (IM) were studied for morphologic, ultrastructural, cytochemical, and membrane surface marker characteristics. There was an absolute increase in T lymphocytes in the patients. Atypical lymphocytes accounted for 83%-96% of the lymphocyte population. These lymphocytes contained cytoplasmic inclusions which ranged in size from 1000 to 6000 A, were usually membrane bound, and consisted of parallel arrays of microtubulelike structures. The inclusions, which have been referred to as parallel tubular arrays (PTA), were found in 15%-75% of the lymphocytes from the IM patients. Ultrastructural cytochemical methods demonstrated acid phosphatase activity within many of the membrane-bound PTA. The function of the PTA is unknown. Since they were observed only in the lymphocytes which appeared to correspond to the atypical lymphocytes on light microscopy, the majority of which typed as T cells, there appears to be an association between PTA and T lymphocytes. It is possible that PTA identify a specific subset of T lymphocytes which is expanded in IM. Alternatively, PTA may be a transient finding in lymphocytes appearing only in certain biologic states of the cell such as during T-lymphocyte activation.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Intranuclear inclusions in plasma cells and lymphocytes from patients with monoclonal gammopathies.

Ultrastructural studies of intranuclear inclusions in plasma cells and lymphocytes from patients with different forms of monoclonal gammopathies are presented. The inclusions occurred as two distinct morphologic and ultrastructural types. In three patients, two with IgA myeloma and one with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, the inclusions were variably PAS-positive in routine sections and composed of electron-light amorphous material ultrastructurally. In one patient with an IgG monoclonal gammopathy, the plasma cells contained inclusions that were PAS negative by light microscopy and primarily osmiophilic ultrastructurally. One patient with an immunoblastic sarcoma and an IgM monoclonal had plasma cells with numerous inclusions of both types. There was a distinct spatial relationship between the electron-light amorphous material and the osmiophilic deposits in many of the inclusions in cells from this patient. In cells from two patients in which osmiophilic inclusions were found, they were present in the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus. The intranuclear inclusions appeared to develop from accumulation of material in the perinuclear cisterna, resulting in single or multiple invaginations of the nuclear structure.

Bone Marrow↗