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Biomedical subjects

J Paris

Publications and source records attributed to J Paris.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Management and aesthetic results of support grafts in saddle nose surgery.

To define the surgical management and long-term aesthetic results of patients undergoing rhinoplasty with support graft for saddle nose, 147 patients have been included in this retrospective study. One hundred forty-four autogenous grafts (bone or cartilage) and three processed irradiated bovine cartilage grafts have been used during the period 1980-1997. Two approaches have been employed: open rhinoplasty and endonasal approach. Most of cases have been treated with bony grafts (116 bone graft versus 26 cartilage grafts). Global follow-up after surgery for long-term aesthetic study was 8.5 years. Among the different autogenous that have been used in our series, the calvarial bone had the most interesting results in terms of resorption. In patients with important saddle nose deformity, we recommend calvarial bone as a material of choice for dorsonasal reconstruction. It provides excellent and natural long-term feel to the nasal complex.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of psychological risk factors in recovery from borderline personality disorder.

This study examined the role of psychological risk factors in recovery from borderline personality disorder (BPD). A lifetime BPD group (n = 13) was composed of female subjects who had met the criteria for BPD in the past but no longer did so in the present. The comparison group was a sample with active BPD (n = 26). Psychological risk factors were measured by a developmental interview, which scored childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and its parameters, childhood physical abuse (PA), and separation or loss, as well as by the Parental Bonding Index (PBI). Subjects from the active BPD group showed a trend toward higher rates of CSA, and had a significantly higher CSA severity score. The results suggest that a history of severe CSA may adversely influence recovery from BPD.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychological risk factors for borderline personality disorder in female patients.

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of several psychological risk factors, i.e., childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and its parameters, childhood physical abuse (PA), early separation or loss, and abnormal parental bonding, in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Women with personality disorders were divided into BPD (n = 78) and non-BPD (n = 72) groups. Risk factors were measured by a developmental interview and the Parental Bonding Index (PBI). The BPD group had a greater frequency of CSA, more severe CSA, as well as more PA, and a lower maternal affection score on the PBI. Only CSA was significant in the multivariate analysis. CSA is the risk factor that most strongly discriminates between BPD and non-BPD. However, CSA has low specificity to BPD, and only a subgroup reported severe abuse experiences.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of the families of mothers with borderline and nonborderline personality disorders.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the families of procreation of mothers with borderline personality disorder (BPD) on measures of family stability, family satisfaction, and family environment. Families of nine BPD mothers were compared with families of 14 mothers with other personality disorders using a semi-structured interview to evaluate family history, the Family Environment Scale (FES), and the Family Satisfaction Scale (FSS). Families of procreation of BPD mothers were more unstable than comparison group families. FES scores of BPD mothers were significantly lower than controls in cohesion and organization, but not in conflict. Instability and low family cohesion are common in families of BPD mothers, and may place their children at increased risk for development of psychopathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antisocial and borderline personality disorders: two separate diagnoses or two aspects of the same psychopathology?

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) have a number of points of overlap: in symptoms, in personality dimensions that underlie their phenomenology, in community prevalence, in risk factors, and in outcome and response to treatment. Both disorders have a common base in impulsive personality traits, but the behavioral differences between them are shaped by gender. Further research is suggested to explore the commonalities and differences between ASPD and BPD.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

What dimensions underlie cluster B personality disorders?

This report presents a conceptual model of the relationships between personality dimensions and the four personality disorders listed in the B cluster on axis II. The hypothesis will be developed that while impulsivity is the common dimension underlying all four disorders, differences between the categories reflect the severity of impulsive traits, interactions with other personality dimensions, the effects of gender, and the influence of culture. Clinical and research implications of the model are then described.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A 27-year follow-up of patients with borderline personality disorder.

Sixty-four patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) were followed up for a mean of 27 years. Outcome was assessed using the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines, Revised (DIB-R); the Schedule for DSM-III-R Diagnosis (SCID); Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF); the Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90); and the Social Adjustment Scale (SAS-SR). Most patients showed significant improvement as compared to a previous 15-year follow-up, with only five currently meeting criteria for BPD. Mean GAF score was 63.3, mean SCL-90 raw score was 0.7, and mean SAS-SR score was 2.0. Fourteen subjects met SCID criteria for dysthymia, and this subgroup had a significantly poorer outcome on all measures. The total percentage of suicides from the original cohort has reached 10.3%, with 18.2% of all patients now deceased.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Memories of abuse in borderline patients: true or false?

This review will examine issues related to the validity of memories of child abuse in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). A large body of research has shown that all memories are distorted by cognitive schema, and that "recovered memories" may be particularly unreliable. Empirical findings on trauma in BPD will be reviewed, as well as the difficulties in verifying trauma histories. Evidence will be examined suggesting that borderline patients have a distorted perception of interpersonal events. Clinical recommendations will be made for the evaluation of memories of abuse in patients with BPD.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anxious traits, anxious attachment, and anxious-cluster personality disorders.

This paper proposes a predisposition-stress model for the pathogenesis of anxious-cluster personality disorders. In this model, genetically influenced anxious traits predispose individuals to such disorders, while psychological factors promoting anxious attachment, as well as social factors leading to discrepancies between traits and social expectations, constitute stressors. Three hypotheses are derived from this model: (1) anxious traits are necessary conditions for the anxious cluster, but disorders develop as a result of cumulative adversities; (2) gene-environment interactions increase the likelihood of adversities associated with these disorders; and (3) social context has an important effect on the pathogenesis of this group of disorders. This theoretical model could have clinical implications for the management of a problematic group of patients.

Anxiety↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interaction of new 19 nor progesterone derivatives with progestagen, mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid cytosolic receptors.

Structure-activity relationships were studied in vitro on a number of natural and artificial steroids in order to assess their progestagen specificity. These substances included a new compound derived from 19 nor progesterone, TX066 or nomegestrol acetate, and two synthetic intermediates, TX045 and TX071, all prepared by Laboratoires Theramex. The experiments involved binding competition on the cytosolic receptors prepared from target organs against specific radiolabelled ligands. Relative affinities were determined in rats against progesterone (P), aldosterone (A) and dexamethasone (DM), by displacement of: (3H)-ORG 2058 from the progestagen receptor of uterus, (3H)-A from Type I (mineralocorticoid) receptor of the kidneys and (3H)-DM from glucocorticoid receptors of the kidney (Type II) and of the liver. The various modifications introduced in the progesterone molecule led to sequences in competition potency which were either parallel or opposite in the progesterone compared to the 19 nor progesterone series. The main practical conclusion is that TX066 which is intended for use as a progestagen presents very little mineralo- and glucocorticoid activities at the receptor level, while its affinity for the progestin receptor is nearly as good as that of progesterone. The two derivatives TX045 and TX071 displayed very little or no progestagen affinity while their mineralo- and glucocorticoid potencies were between those of 19NP and TX066.

Animals↗