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Biomedical subjects

J P Watson

Publications and source records attributed to J P Watson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Mastectomy or conservation for early breast cancer: psychological morbidity.

A consecutive series of 197 women under 70 years of age with operable breast cancer, randomised to treatment by a conservation technique in comparison to mastectomy, were assessed using structured interviews. The prevalence of cases of anxiety and depression was high before treatment commenced, there were fewer cases in the conservation group but no significant difference at 3 or 12 months in the number of new cases, social adjustment, or capacity to return to work. Attitudes to treatment showed significant differences between the groups, more women in the conservation group were able to wear their usual clothes and most women rated the cosmetic result highly. Patients were more likely to stop sexual intercourse completely after mastectomy. An effective conservation technique should be an attractive treatment choice available to selected women with early breast cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Preliminary evaluation of a low cost videoconferencing system for teaching in clinical psychiatry.

The use of a digitized low cost videoconferencing system (LCVC) for the teaching of clinical medical students on clinical attachment to a psychiatric ward is described. This work was performed as part of the Telemed project which is evaluating the use of the LCVC in a range of tasks in clinical psychiatry. Any move towards greater reliance on communications technology in psychiatry should take account of the requirements of clinical teaching. The case presentation was used as a teaching paradigm in a controlled study comparing teaching face-to-face with teaching mediated via the LCVC. A questionnaire was developed for student evaluation of the case presentation. General user responses to the LCVC are reported. No significant differences were found between the conditions. User responses were favourable, suggesting that remote interactive teaching via the LCVC warrants further investigation.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1992

Hallucinations as a presenting feature in malignant hypertension.

A 68-year-old man with malignant hypertension of renovascular origin presented with visual impairment and complex visual hallucinations. Four weeks after the hypertension had been controlled by drugs, the hallucinations ceased and electroencephalographic evidence of encephalopathy resolved.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Cultural differences in interpersonal responses to depressives' nonverbal behaviour.

The Social Impression and Interpersonal Attraction of British depressed patients was rated by British and German subjects on the basis of the patients' video-recorded nonverbal behaviour. Depressives were rated negatively by all subjects. Males in both cultural groups agreed in their ratings of depressives but German females expressed a more negative attitude than British females. This is attributed to cultural differences in sex-appropriate interactive behaviour. The importance of studying the expression of depression and its meaning within a particular cultural context is indicated and the role of cultural differences in interactive behaviour is discussed with respect to intercultural assessment and treatment of depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A predominantly adrenaline-secreting phaeochromocytoma.

A 61-year-old woman who presented with diabetes, nausea, weight loss and sweating was found to have a phaeochromocytoma secreting adrenaline, with a small amount of N-methyladrenaline. There was no significant increase in noradrenaline secretion. She was normotensive, and developed profound hypotension in response to the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phenoxybenzamine. These features are unusual in phaeochromocytoma, but similar features occurred in the very few previous reported cases of pure adrenaline-secreting phaeochromocytoma. We conclude that it is important to identify such patients, so that they should not be given alpha-adrenergic antagonist drugs.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Stress and relapse of breast cancer.

To elucidate the association between stressful life events and the development of cancer the influence of life stress on relapse in operable breast cancer was examined in matched pairs of women in a case-control study. Adverse life events and difficulties occurring during the postoperative disease free interval were recorded in 50 women who had developed their first recurrence of operable breast cancer and during equivalent follow up times in 50 women with operable breast cancer in remission. The cases and controls were matched for the main physical and pathological factors known to be prognostic in breast cancer and sociodemographic variables that influence the frequency of life events and difficulties. Severely threatening life events and difficulties were significantly associated with the first recurrence of breast cancer. The relative risk of relapse associated with severe life events was 5.67 (95% confidence interval 1.57 to 37.20), and the relative risk associated with severe difficulties was 4.75 (1.58 to 19.20). Life events and difficulties not rated as severe were not related to relapse. Experiencing a non-severe life event was associated with a relative risk of 2.0 (0.62 to 7.47), and experiencing a non-severe difficulty was associated with a relative risk of 1.13 (0.38 to 3.35). These results suggest a prognostic association between severe life stressors and recurrence of breast cancer, but a larger prospective study is needed for confirmation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Aspects of personality of soldiers presenting to an endoscopy clinic.

Eysenck Personality Questionnaires were completed by a consecutive series of 60 soldiers attending a military endoscopy clinic. Each individual was pair-matched with a non-endoscoped soldier from a medical ward and a soldier from the hospital alcohol treatment unit. Alcohol dependence and related disabilities were measured using the MAST, CAGE and SADQ questionnaires and liver function tests and MCV estimates were performed. Alcohol questionnaire scores and laboratory tests were analysed by discriminant function analysis and by applying 'cut-off' scores of the questionnaires. Analyses of the personality dimensions were carried out by analyses of variance and were examined in relation to sample, alcohol questionnaire scores and endoscopic findings. The soldiers from the alcohol treatment unit had the highest neuroticism score, followed by the soldiers attending the endoscopy clinic. Of the endoscoped soldiers, those diagnosed as non-ulcer dyspeptics had higher neuroticism scores than soldiers with ulcers. This finding was not associated with increased prevalence of alcohol dependence and related disabilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pneumomediastinum in diabetic ketoacidosis.

A 13-year-old girl was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis. She was found to have a pneumomediastinum. This resolved spontaneously on correction of the metabolic disturbance. The condition is generally benign.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Down's syndrome and eating disorders. A case study.

We describe the case of a 33-year-old man with Down's syndrome and severe eating disorders. The clinical symptoms, and their difference from those of anorexia nervosa, are discussed. The patient responded well to a strict behavioural programme after long, in-patient treatment and was still well at a 2-year follow-up examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effectiveness of time-limited therapy carried out by trainees. Comparison of two methods.

Common neurotic and personality disorders account for widespread personal restriction and suffering. The need for effective, economically feasible treatment methods is widely acknowledged and the range of conditions successfully treated by available methods needs to be established. This study is concerned with two methods of brief psychotherapy; our aim was the essentially pragmatic one of investigating how far relatively long-term NHS out-patients with neurotic, personality, and interpersonal problems could be successfully and economically treated by the kind of therapists available in NHS settings. It is generally believed by psychoanalytically-oriented therapists that brief therapy requires high levels of training and experience; this is tested here, in that all the therapies were strictly time-limited, and none of the therapists had completed advanced training.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Life events and schizophrenia: a Saudi Arabian Study.

Using an Arabic version of the PSE, supplemented by CATEGO, we selected 48 patients with acute schizophrenia from the population of the Najd region of Saudi Arabia. Their life-event histories for the six months before onset or relapse were compared with those of 62 control subjects. A positive association between events and onset was established only for married women, although there was a parallel trend for men and single women suffering their first schizophrenic episode. The observed impact of life events was limited to the three weeks before onset. These findings are discussed in the light of Saudi culture.

Adolescent↗