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Biomedical subjects

J P Shapiro

Publications and source records attributed to J P Shapiro.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

An evaluation of residential treatment for sexually aggressive youth.

This longitudinal study investigated the effectiveness of a one and one-half year long residential treatment program for 26 boys aged 11-15 with histories of sexually aggressive behavior. The clients were assessed with self-report and staff-report measures at the beginning and end of treatment and at several time points in between; also, aggressive acts were tabulated during a one-year follow-up period. There was evidence of improved functioning on 10 of the 12 measures. During the follow-up, 27% of the sample committed an aggressive act, and 8% committed a sexually aggressive act. On most of the measures, improvement occurred gradually over the course of treatment, and on some measures most of the improvement occurred late in the placement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Vitellin and vitellogenin in the soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris: identification with monoclonal antibodies and reproductive response to diet.

A 171,000 M(r )polypeptide of Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) that constituted 16% of the protein in eggs also constituted up to 25% of the protein in hemolymph of fed females. It was identified as the major or sole apoprotein of vitellogenin. Eggs contained major polypeptides of 171, 106, and 51 kDa. The hemolymph polypeptide was identified with a polypeptide (vitellin) in egg extracts by comparing molecular weights, specificity of occurrence in fed females, and immunological reactivities. Females, starved for 5 days after eclosion to assure complete previtellogenic development, produced vitellogenin within a day after feeding on larval Galleria mellonella, and within 4 days after feeding on an artificial diet. Appearance of vitellogenin preceded ovarian growth by 2-3 days. Two monoclonal antibodies raised against egg proteins of P. maculiventris were selected for their strong reaction against egg extract and female hemolymph and null reaction against male hemolymph. Only one 170-kDa band in egg and hemolymph reacted with the antibodies on denaturing Western blots. These monoclonal antibodies are being used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantitate reproductive response of females to diets of differing quality.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Dehydrothalebanin: a source of resistance from Glycosmis pentaphylla against the citrus root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus.

Roots of a citrus relative, Glycosmis pentaphylla (orangeberry), were shown to inhibit the growth and survival of larvae of the citrus root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus. Roots of G. pentaphyllaincorporated into the diet of D. abbreviatus increasingly inhibited the growth of neonate larvae with increased concentration of roots, while roots from citrus rootstocks produced little inhibition. The diet-incorporation assay was used to guide fractionation of an active acetone extract of G.pentaphylla roots. Three major fractions from silica open-column liquid chromatography were active, and these were purified using semipreparative normal-phase HPLC. A single active HPLC subfraction was isolated from each of the three liquid chromatography fractions, and two active compounds were isolated and identified by GC-MSD. GC-MSD and NMR identified one compound as the amide dehydrothalebanin B, and the other was identified by GC-MSD as dieldrin, a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide whose origin in our samples is uncertain.

Amides↗
PubMed2000

Reanimation of the paralyzed eyelid with the enhanced palpebral spring or the gold weight: modern replacements for tarsorrhaphy.

The enhanced palpebral spring and the gold weight are the modern devices that should nearly completely replace tarsorrhaphy in the management of ocular problems secondary to facial paralysis. They actually reanimate the lid, rather than merely hold the lids closed in a disfigured position, as does tarsorrhaphy. The surgical techniques of each procedure, results, and pros and cons of each are compared. Personal experience with over 1400 spring implantations is discussed, as is experience with the use of bandage contact lenses in lieu of lid surgery. The gold weight implantation is simpler to learn and perform than the enhanced spring procedure, in which the levator is tightened in addition to implanting the spring. However, when it is really important to close the eye well, the spring is the superior procedure. Unlike the weight, the spring closes the eye well in the supine position, such as when the patient sleeps.

Contact Lenses↗