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Biomedical subjects

J P Raynaud

Publications and source records attributed to J P Raynaud.

195 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term clinical and biologic effects of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Permixon, the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens, is widely used for the treatment of symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This open study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of Permixon 160 mg twice daily administered for 2 years. One hundred fifty-five men with clinically diagnosed BPH and complaints of prostatic symptoms were enrolled in the study. At 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS), quality of life, and sexual function score were recorded, and urodynamics and biologic values were measured. Adverse events were recorded every 3 months. I-PSS and quality of life improved significantly from baseline at each evaluation time point. At the end of the study and at each evaluation, maximum urinary flow also improved significantly. Prostate size decreased. Sexual function remained stable during the first year of treatment and significantly improved (P = .001) during the second year. Prostate-specific antigen was not affected, and no changes in plasma hormone levels were observed. Nine patients reported 10 adverse events, none related to treatment. Improvements in efficacy parameters began at 6 months and were maintained up to 24 months. These data demonstrate the long-term efficacy and tolerability of Permixon and support its use as a first-line medical therapy for uncomplicated symptomatic BPH.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy and tolerability of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a double-blind comparison of two dosage regimens.

This 3-month double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study compared the efficacy and tolerability of two regimens of the lipido-sterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) (two 160-mg capsules once daily [OD] and one 160-mg capsule twice daily [BID]) in 100 outpatients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Both regimens significantly (P < .0001) reduced the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) mean total score from baseline; improvements achieved statistical significance after the first month and were maintained for the duration of the study. Significant (P < .05) and rapid improvements from baseline to the end of month 1 also occurred in I-PSS quality-of-life (QoL) scores, maximum and mean urinary flow rates, and residual urine volume; this benefit was further increased at month 3 for I-PSS total score and QoL and residual volume, and was maintained for maximum and mean flow rates. A highly significant decrease (P < .001) in residual urine was observed in both groups. No significant differences were noted between regimens. Clinical adverse events occurred at a similar incidence in both groups (BID, 24%; OD, 22%) and were deemed unrelated or unlikely to be related to Permixon.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Narcissistic crisis and prediction of post-partum depression: validation of a self-report questionnaire].

We sought a relationship between disorders of the narcissistic transition during pregnancy and post-partum depression. We designed a self-report questionnaire VASANT (Visual Analogic Scale for Assessment of Narcissistic Transition) in an attempt to identify women at risk from post-partum depression. A preliminary validation was carried out on 52 pregnant women. Seventeen women (33%) were identified using a semi-directive interview as suffering from a disorder in the narcissistic transition. These women had a significantly higher VASANT score (67.7 +/- 14.2 versus 20.2 +/- 8.4) than the others and had a higher incidence of post-partum depression. The value of the VASANT scale for prediction of post-partum depression is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetic study of a peripheral analgesic, floctafenin, in man, mouse, rat, and dog.

The pharmacokinetics of floctafenin has been studied in man, mice, rats, and dogs at pharmacological doses. Its absorption, which is exclusively intestinal, is good in man and rodents, but only partial in dogs. Its high plasma clearance rate is primarily due to hepatic hydrolysis to floctafenic acid, which is the main circulating product almost immediately following hydrolysis to floctafenic acid, which is the main circulating product almost immediately following iv administration. The compound binds to two sets of binding sites in animal serum and human plasma with affinity constants of 10(7) M-1 and 10(5) M-1 at 4 degrees C in all species except the dog, where binding is weaker. This binding has been shown to be solely accounted for by albumin. Floctafenin, less protein-bound than floctafenic acid, diffuses more widely into tissues, but very low quantities of the ester and virtually negligible quantities of the acid cross the blood-brain barrier, indicating that their analgesic activity is exclusively peripheral. The elimination of floctafenin and its metabolites is practically complete in 24 hr. The main excretory route is via the bile, biliary excretion being largely predominant in dogs and rats, and somewhat less so in man and mice. There is no enterohepatic cycle of note. The main metabolite in both bile and urine is floctafenic acid. A secondary metabolic pathway, common to all species, leads, by hydroxylation in the postion para to the anthranilic nitrogen, to the corresponding phenols. All products in man and rats are excreted primarily in the form of ether and/or ester O-glucuronides.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Principles of a full 'relay toxicity' experiment and results conducted with carbadox, a feed additive used as growth promoter for growing swine.

Relay toxicity is a new approach which permits an evaluation of the harmlessness of residues found in tissue, for the human consumer. Farm animals, swine for example, received high quantities of the additive over a long period. The swine were sacrificed without any withdrawal. Their meat and liver were added to the feed ration of laboratory animals to study the eventual problems of residue and metabolites. The following experiments were performed using carbadox:--Levels of carbadox up to 200 ppm were added to the swine ration (a maximum of 20 ppm is authorized). The meat and dehydrated liver were given in doses of 20% and 10% respectively, in the rat feed for 2 years or 3 generations.--The fresh meat, frozen then thawed at the time of use, was distributed to dogs daily for 7 1/2 years. No abnormalities were found, either in the growth of the animals or in their descendants. No abnormalities were observed macroscopically or microscopically after sacrifice. Relay toxicity gives high coefficients of security when the additive is used without withdrawal up to the time of sacrifice. This study demonstrated that the use of carbadox in swine doesn't present any disadvantage to the human consumer.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Molecular basis for the use of steroids in psychiatry (author's transl)].

In animals, estrogens and progestins modulate food intake, running wheel activity and sexual behavior, androgens stimulate sexual behavior and aggression, and corticoids influence cerebral electrolyte regulation, sleep and memory. In this and other studies, we have established that soluble receptors binding steroid hormones are present, often in high concentration, in various central structures such as hypothalamus, cortex, hippocampus and amygdala and have shown that some of the effects of steroids on behavior can be related to their interaction with these receptors and the resultant biochemical events. Thus, in the rat, the induction of sexual behavior by estrogens and progesterone can be related to the increase in progestin receptor induced in the hypothalamus by estrogens. The action of glucocorticoids has been implicated in memory processes involving protein synthesis and this study shows that glucocorticoids stimulate protein synthesis in the cortex of hypophysectomized rats, a structure rich in glucocorticoid receptors. Since the hormonal specificity of receptor binding is similar in peripheral and central target tissues, it is suggested that competition experiments on a peripheral target tissue can be used as a simple test to select compounds (agonists or antagonists) able to replace endogenous hormones at the receptor site in the treatment of psychiatric disorders due to endocrine dysfunction (hormone deficit or excess).

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Principles, objectives and methods for the control of the gastro-intestinal parasites of pigs in France.

Parasitic levels are considered in relation to the size of farms and according to the application of anthelminitic programmes and the age groups of the animals. The most common and important parasites in France against which systematic control measures should be taken are Oesophagostomum, Ascaris and Hyostrongylus in pregnant sows, and Oesophagostomum and Ascaris in piglets at weaning and fattening pigs. Strongyloides and Trichuris are found occasionally but could be sometimes important (Mestastrongylus is anexceptional finding). As regards the use of anthelmintics, emphasis is placed on treatment of sows at parturition, or of piglets on transfer to the growing units, with two treatments being given at an interval of 14-21 days. Continuous administration in the food is a complementary solution. Specific treatments for the control of Trichuris and Strongyloides are also examined. In the control of parasites the strict observation of the rules of hygiene is also very effective.

Age Factors↗