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J P Garin

Publications and source records attributed to J P Garin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

New perspectives in the chemoprophylaxis of toxoplasmosis.

The usual chemoprophylaxis of toxoplasmosis consists of spiramycin or the combination of pyremethamine-sulfamide. This chemoprophylaxis can be used: 1 - In the pregnant woman: spiramycin avoids or has low fetal damage. In case of maternal contamination after 33 weeks of pregnancy, pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine combination should be used in spite of its potential toxicity. 2 - In the newborn infant, chemoprophylaxis prevents the emergence of retinochoroiditis. 3 - In congenital toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis, systematic repetitive cures of pyrimethamine-sulfamide reduce frequency of recurrences. 4 - In immunocompromised patients, the systematic use of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine prevents neurotoxoplasmosis, in case of kidney, heart, and allogeneic bone marrow transplantations, and also in case of patients with malignant hemopathy or AIDS.

Chorioretinitis↗
PubMed1989

[Monitoring and treatment of toxoplasmosis in the pregnant woman, fetus and newborn].

A protocol of monitoring and treatment in toxoplasmosis is suggested by the authors. During pregnancy, the administration of spiramycine at a 9 m UI daily dose remains the basic preventive treatment when a seroconversion occurs after a 4 week post-conception period. In the fetus, the antenatal diagnosis is made by ultrasound started on the 18th week after conception and repeated every 4 weeks, amniocentesis and eventually umbilical cord puncture associated with a pyrimethamine-sulfamide drug treatment in case of positive diagnosis. A therapeutic pregnancy termination is considered when lesions have been detected by ultrasound. In the newborn (neonatal or post-natal period), the diagnosis is made by transfontanel ultrasonography, ocular fundi and spinal fluid examination, detection of specific IgM antibodies in cord blood and the evolution and importance of serum antibodies response requiring a drug treatment during 15-18 months with spiramycine and pyrimethamine + sulfadoxine (Fansidar).

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1989

[Leishmania braziliensis Vianna, 1911 in French Guiana].

A new case of cutaneous Leishmaniasis to L. braziliensis Vianna, 1911, contracted in French Guyana is reported. The parasite, isolated in culture, is identified by enzymatic typing (13 zymoden). The identified zymodem is zymodem MON-43. It is the same of the WHO reference strain L. braziliensis s. st.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Sero-epidemiological survey for toxoplasmosis in Burundi.

The first sero-epidemiological survey for toxoplasmosis in Burundi was conducted in 1985. The global prevalence among 622 subjects tested in ELISA and IFI was 44.1% with a higher rate in men (49.6%) than in women (39.2%, p less than 0.01). The highest prevalences were observed in rural areas with intensive farming activities: the crest (57.9%), the plain (53.3%). The central platform, where people and farming activities are widespread, had a lower prevalence (29.3%, p less than 0.001). The risk of infection is much lower in urban people with high levels of hygiene (22.4%) specially in women (13%), than in those of poor condition (45%, p less than 0.001). These data suggest that toxoplasmic infection is mainly due to oocysts ingestion associated with low levels of hygiene and to a lesser extent to meat consumption in men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Early diagnosis and surveillance of congenital toxoplasmosis. The comparative immunological profiles method].

More than 8000 samples (sera, cord blood, CSF, etc.) from patients who had, or were likely to have, toxoplasmosis were studied by the CIP-ELIFA technique. The first stage in this technique is immunoelectrodiffusion on a microporous cellulose acetate membrane. In the second stage, immunodetection and isotypic characterization of the precipitating systems are rapidly carried out by immunofiltration with anti-IgG, IgM, IgA or IgE-labelled antibodies (enzyme-linked immunofiltration assay or ELIFA). Several samples are jointly laid out on the same membrane for compared immunological profiles (CIP). When applied to the mother-foetus relationship in toxoplasmosis, this procedure provides an early diagnosis of congenital infestation in 85% of the cases. Positive criteria are based on evidence of specific IgM, IgE or IgA in the child, but also on the detection of foetal or neonatal antitoxoplasmosis IgG which can be distinguished from the IgG transmitted by the mother. Polyisotypic supervision is of considerable value for assessment of prognosis and of therapeutic effectiveness at the end of treatment. Satisfactory isotypic characterization can only be achieved by using particular functional antigens.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1987

Host serum protein levels in cysts of human hydatidosis.

8 proteins (albumin, IgG, IgM, IgA, C3c, C4, orosomucoid and alpha 1 antitrypsin) were determined by laser immunonephelometry in hydatid cyst fluid from cysts and sera from 16 patients. The cystic level of albumin was 34.5 +/- SD 59.1 micrograms/ml (range 3.6-85); of IgG 12.9 +/- 18.7 micrograms/ml (1.9-75); of IgM 10.5 +/- 10.4 micrograms/ml (3-37); and of IgA 7.2 +/- 3.5 micrograms/ml (4-19.7). The 4 other proteins represented a smaller fraction: C3c, 0.9 +/- 0.6 micrograms/ml (0.5-2.5); C4, 1.3 +/- 0.9 micrograms/ml (0.5-3.5); orosomucoid, 2.8 +/- 2.3 micrograms/ml (1.4-9.2); and alpha 1-antitrypsin, 5 +/- 4.5 micrograms/ml (2-19). These 8 host proteins constituted 24.6 +/- 24.5% (2.4-76) of the total hydatid cyst fluid proteins (343.7 +/- 172.1 micrograms/ml, range 180-900). The albumin/IgG ration of 3 +/- 2.8 (0.4-10.8) in hydatid cyst fluid was more variable than that in sera, 2 +/- 0.5 (1.2-2.7).

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1987

Invasive nosocomial pulmonary aspergillosis: risk factors and hospital building works.

A retrospective epidemiological study of 22 observations of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, of which 18 were fatal, occurring over a period of 30 months, implicated certain building sites within the hospital. The building works were responsible for the diffusion into the atmosphere of fungal spores from normally closed reservoirs, notably false ceilings, fibrous thermal and/or acoustic insulation materials and roller-blind casings. The results of our study permit us to suggest that protective measures should be set up or that immunodepressed patients are evacuated when such works are to be carried out in an in-patient establishment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Bacterial infections and early Plasmodium falciparum malaria].

Two cases of Plasmodium falciparum malaria associated with bacterial infections--streptococcus A septicemia and Legionnaires' disease--are described. The association of these two infections is probably not incidental, and the hypothesis of Plasmodium falciparum induced immuno-deficiency is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Congenital toxoplasmosis. Tolerability of the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combination. 24 cases].

The pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine combination, active against acute toxoplasmosis in the mouse, was administered to 24 children with congenital toxoplasmosis in doses of 500 mg sulfadoxine and 25 mg pyrimethamine per 20 kg bodyweight once every fortnight. The drug appeared to be as effective as other sulfonamide-pyrimethamine combinations. It was generally well tolerated and was withdrawn in only 3 patients on account of minor side-effects. Giving pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine together with folinic acid is a much simpler treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis than the usual ones.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1982

Albendazole: a new broad spectrum anthelmintic. Double-blind multicenter clinical trial.

A new anthelmintic drug, albendazole, has been tested in a multicenter double-blind placebo controlled study in 392 patients from France and West Africa in children and adults with single or mixed infections caused by roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, threadworms and tapeworms. All patients were closely observed before and after treatment for clinical side effects, hematological or clinical blood chemical changes. Fecal samples obtained before, and 7 days and 21 days after treatment were examined using a concentration technic (Ritchie), a coproculture (Harada-Mori) and an egg count (Kato). Following a single dose of 400 mg in adults, cure rates of 96% in ascaridiasis, 96% in ancylostomiasis caused by dose of 400 mg in adults, cure rates of 96% in ascaridiasis, 96% in ancylostomiasis caused by Ancylostoma duodenale, 90% in ancylostomiasis caused by Necator americanus and 76% in trichuriasis were recorded. About 48% of the patients infected by Strongyloides stercoralis were cured following administration of 400 mg per day for 3 consecutive days. The efficacy of half of the adult dose (200 mg) was much lower in children. None of the patients who received placebo were cured. The drug did not produce any significant side effects and approximately the same numbers were reported in the albendazole and the placebo groups. No variations of the hematology and clinical blood chemistry values were recorded.

Adolescent↗