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Biomedical subjects

J P Fleming

Publications and source records attributed to J P Fleming.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in severely obese women.

OBJECTIVE: Past and current symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) were assessed in a clinical sample of severely obese females. METHOD: Core symptoms of ADHD were examined in 75 consecutive, severely obese (BMI > or = 35) women referred to a medical specialist for the non-surgical treatment of obesity. Subjects completed both a retrospective report of childhood symptoms of ADHD (Wender Utah Scale) and two standardized adult ADHD symptom scales. RESULTS: The frequency of clinically suggestive elevations in ADHD scores was substantially and significantly higher than the normative samples in 9 out of 11 symptom subscales. Inattentive symptoms, but not hyperactive symptoms of ADHD, were frequently reported. Overall, 26.7% of the sample reported significant symptoms of ADHD in both childhood and adulthood. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study suggests that severely obese women report significant symptomatology related to both childhood and adult ADHD.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Incidental orienting tasks and the recall performance of acutely intoxicated subjects.

An incidental-learning paradigm employing a semantic and phonetic orienting task was used to determine whether poor recall performance by intoxicated subjects is due to a storage deficit resulting from a superficial analysis of the presented materials. Forty-eight male, heavy social drinkers served as subjects. Both recall and latency measures closely replicated past research using similar orienting tasks. Intoxicated subjects did not differ significantly from sober subjects in the speed or accuracy with which they answered the orienting questions. Despite the apparent similarity in processing, intoxicated subjects consistently recalled fewer words. It was tentatively suggested that alcohol-induced retention deficits may be due to a reduction in breadth rather than depth of processing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Early predictors of age at first use of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarettes.

This paper is a report of the relationships between various measures of social adaptation to the first grade classroom and the age at which alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana were first used by teenagers who began elementary school in a poor black urban community on the South Side of Chicago. Prospective longitudinal community epidemiological data were collected periodically in first and third grades from consecutive total cohorts of children in the 1960s. The 1966-67 population (cohort 3) was followed up at age 16 or 17. This population of 705 children is reported on here regarding early predictors of their first use of these substances. There are three main findings: (1) boys tended to use all substances at an earlier age than girls; (2) students who performed better on first grade IQ and Readiness tests tended to initiate substance use at an earlier age; (3) girls (but not boys) who were rated by their first grade teachers as shy or having learning problems tended to initiate use at a later age. The relationships of these findings to our past investigations of paths leading to substance use are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1978

Effects of alcohol on the storage and retrieval processes of heavy social drinkers.

Two experiments investigated the effects of intoxication, expectation of intoxication, and state dependency on learning and relearning in male heavy social drinkers. In both studies, subjects participated in two daily sessions. On Day 1, intoxicated and sober subjects were presented with word lists for immediate free recall, followed by total free recall of all words. On Day 2, with or without a change in drug state, subjects were given a second total recall test, the same lists for immediate recall, and a third total recall test. In Experiment 1, 10 subjects served in each of four groups formed by crossing expectation with reception of alcohol on Day 1; all subjects were sober on Day 2. In Experiment 2, 12 subjects served in each of four groups formed by crossing drug state on Day 1 with drug state on Day 2 (sober-sober, sober-intoxicated, intoxicated-intoxicated, intoxicated-sober), and all expected alcohol. In both studies, intoxication produced a performance deficit, but retention loss on Day 2 was the same for change- and constant-state subjects. Expectation had no effect on performance. Results are discussed in terms of an alcohol-induced storage deficiency rather than a retrieval deficit.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1972

Surgeons' fees.

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Australia↗