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Biomedical subjects

J P Berrod

Publications and source records attributed to J P Berrod.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Ocular involvement during primary central nervous system lymphoma].

PURPOSE: The aim of our study was to assess and to characterize the ocular involvement in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma. POPULATION AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective study between August 1995 and December 1998 on a cohort of consecutive patients affected by primary central nervous system lymphoma and who underwent a systematic ophthalmological examination before treatment. RESULTS: The study population comprised 24 patients (mean age, 57 years; 16 women and 8 men). Among these patients, 6 had ocular involvement (2 patients with ocular signs revealing the cerebral process, 2 evidenced at the time of the initial ocular examination, and 1 as the disease evolved). Ocular involvement was vitritis in all cases, anterior uveitis in 1 patient, obliterant vasculitis in 1 patient and yellowish subretinal lesions in 1 patient. In 1 case, a vitrectomy led to adequate diagnosis of the disease. CONCLUSION: Our study shows a 25% incidence of ocular involvement in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma, with posterior uveitis as the most common manifestation. Because of the relatively high incidence of ocular involvement, a systematic ophthalmological examination of this subset of patients should be mandatory.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

TPA-assisted vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: results of a double-masked, multicenter trial.

OBJECTIVE: Some complications of vitrectomy are related to adherence of the vitreous body to the retina. We studied whether these complications could be decreased by injecting a proteolytic enzyme, tissue plasminogen activator (TPA), at the beginning of surgery to aid separation of the vitreous from the retina. METHODS: Fifty-six patients receiving surgery for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy were divided into two groups in this prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Group I patients received 25 microg of intravitreal TPA in buffered salt solution (BSS) 15 minutes before vitrectomy. Group II received BSS alone. Postoperative follow-up lasted up to 3 months. The major criteria for comparison were the number of perioperative iatrogenic tears, the gain in visual acuity, and the reattachment rate of tractional retinal detachments. RESULTS: No difference was found between the two groups for the principal indicators or for complications. CONCLUSION: In proliferative diabetic retinopathy, the use of 25 microg of TPA by intravitreal injection 15 minutes before vitrectomy does not improve the results. No specific complications of the method were noted. The failure can be attributed to a too-short delay between TPA injection and beginning of surgery, an insufficient dose, or an insufficient quantity of plasminogen in the vitreous at the beginning of the intervention.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMed1998

[Small retinal, cochlear, and cerebral infarctions in the young patient, "SICRET" syndrome of Susac syndrome].

A 22-year-old-lady presented with multiple occlusions of the branches of the central retinal artery, accompanied by neuro-encephalic disorders and deafness. This triad is known as SICRET Syndrome (Small Infarction of Cochlear, Retinal and Encephalic Tissue). This rare syndrome, as well referred to as Susac syndrome, affects only the women and the three tissues mentioned above: eye, ear, brain. The course was characterised by a series of partially regressive evolutive steps. A remission had been obtained since two years with immuno-supressor and anti-coagulant therapy. The neuro-encephalic and cochlear disorder regressed in contrast to the severe sequel on the right eye.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Coincident resection-recession (tenectomy-recession) of the medial rectus muscle, bilaterally, for the treatment of esotropia: results in 18 cases.

PURPOSE: To study the effect of preceding tenectomy of the medial rectus tendon on the results of medial rectus muscle recession. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighteen consecutive cases of incomitant esotropia were retrospectively reviewed. The average preoperative esotropia was 35 PD with an incomitant deviation between 10 PD and 30 PD. All patients underwent 7 mm bilateral medial rectus muscle recession after 4 mm tenectomy of the anterior medial rectus muscle. RESULTS: Fourteen patients (78%) had "satisfactory" results (within 10 PD static esodeviation and 12 PD dynamic deviation [incomitance]). Four (22%) were undercorrected. One showed a postoperative consecutive exotropia of 4 PD at distance only. CONCLUSIONS: Tenectomy of the anterior muscle tendon preceding large recessions of the medial rectus was effective in reducing the frequency of overcorrection (consecutive exotropia). Undercorrection did not appear to be more common.

Child↗
PubMed1996

[Treatment of vitreoretinal proliferation in rhegmatogenous detachment and silicone oil tamponade].

PURPOSE: To describe our technique of vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade for managing retinal detachment and to report the last results according to the posterior and anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in 108 patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery and silicone oil tamponade for proliferative vitreo-retinopathy, 64% patients had already been operated without success and 42% underwent vitrectomy with SF6 or C3F8. Diffuse posterior proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (grade C3-D) was present in 64% patients and anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy was present in 43.5%. Silicone oil was removed in 79% patients after a mean duration of 6.3 months. It was replaced by 16% C3F8. All patients were followed for a minimum of 6 months. RESULTS: Before silicone oil removal, 55% of the retinas were reattached posterior to the scleral buckle with one operation, 78% after 2 operations and 88% after 3 or 4 operations. An average of 2.1 vitrectomy surgeries were performed. Reproliferation was correlated with the anterior proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (p < 0.001), posterior proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (p < 0.01) or previous vitrectomy (p < 0.05). The final visual acuity was 1/20 or better in 61% of the eyes and 2/10 or better in 30.5%. After silicone oil removal, 8% retinas redetached, 21% of the eyes had hypertony, 7.5% had hypotony and 7% of the corneas had dystrophy. CONCLUSION: Silicone oil tamponade was effective for the treatment of retinal detachments with proliferative vitreo-retinopathy. Since the main complications were hypertony and corneal dystrophy, silicone oil should be reserved for severe proliferative vitreo-retinopathy cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Melanoma developped on nevus of Ota without ocular melanosis. Apropos of an anatomo-clinical case].

The naevus of Ota is a congenital pigmentary disorder usually involving the skin of the face in areas supplied by the first and second branches of the trigeminal nerve. Ipsilateral ocular melanosis is associated in 2/3 of the cases. The naevus occurrs most often in Asians. There have been 66 reported cases of malignant transformation of the naevus of Ota, generally affecting caucasians: 23 were melanomas of the eyeball (mostly of the choroid), and 13 were orbital melanomas. Only 4 cases of melanomas associated with a naevus of Ota without ocular melanosis have been previously described. We report a new case of orbital melanoma affecting a 30-year-old man. This melanoma complicated a right type III of Tanino naevus of Ota without ocular melanosis. The location of the tumor to the orbital apex and its extension to the spheno-cavernous area was responsible for an ipsilateral loss of vision without proptosis, which has not yet been described in any case of naevus of Ota without ocular melanosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Ocular vasospasm in cold provocation test and primary vascular acrosyndrome].

An ocular vasospasm induced by cold has been searched among 8 patients carrying primary vasospastic disease without any ocular pathology. Ocular vasospasm which is characterized by visual field defect was searched with Statpac 24-2 test using HUMPHREY autoperimeter. A baseline visual field was performed first, then a second after provocation by dipping the hand in cold water (13 degrees) and a third after oral administration of 10 mg of Nifedipine. Two patients had ocular vasospasm that regressed after Nifedipine administration. These two patients might have a higher risk to develop normal tension glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Efficacy and tolerability of apraclonidine (ALO 2145, 1%) in the prevention of early ocular hypertonia, after trabeculoretraction using argon laser and posterior capsulotomy using Nd:YAG laser].

ALO 2145 (Apraclonidine Chlorhydrate)*, is a new hypotensive agent; it acts as a selective alpha-2-adrenergic agonist to produce a marked reduction in intraocular pressure with minimal effect on the cardiovascular system. 38 patients undergoing ocular laser surgery were allocated to treatment with either ALO 2145 1% (n = 20), or to placebo (n = 18), in a double-masked fashion. One drop of study medication was instilled into the operative eye one hour before laser surgery, and one drop immediately after the laser surgery. ALO 2145 treated eyes exhibited a significantly lower mean intraocular pressure increase in the immediate postoperative phase, compared with placebo treated eyes. ALO 2145 also significantly reduced the postoperative incidence of intraocular pressure spikes, defined as intraocular pressure increases of more than 10 mmHg over baseline (17% of cases for active treatment vs 60% of cases for placebo). ALO 2145 1% was shown to be effective and well tolerated in the dosage regimen employed in this study.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1991

[Papilledema and dural fistula].

A retrospective analysis of three cases of papilledema was made, initially attributed to idiopathic raised intracranial pressure on the basis of the following data: symptoms and signs of raised intracranial pressure, no other neurological signs, normal electroencephalogram, normal computerised tomography, and normal cerebrospinal fluid. The discovery of a dural arteriovenous malformation was made only after a period over six months, by cerebral angiography. After a survey of medical data concerning the incidence of papilledema in dural fistulae, a description of the supposed pathogenic mechanisms of papilledema formation in this disease is proposed. Venous hypertension was found to be the main factor leading to papilledema. It could be in relation with obstruction of the involved venous sinus, and with the high level of blood flow of the dural arteriovenous malformation. It appeared that drainage with involvement of subarachnoid veins was the main characteristic for arteriovenous malformations to be directly responsible for papilledema. The possible lack or delay of suggestive signs such as intracranial bruit and the potential seriousness of the vital and visual prognosis led us to routinely carry out angiologic investigations comprising first doppler ultra-sound of the cervical vessels and secondly cerebral angiography, before diagnosing benign raised intracranial pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Chorioretinitis in congenital toxoplasmosis].

The goal of this study was to establish the incidence of chorioretinitis in 100 infants whose mothers presented a seroconversion during the pregnancy. It is a retrospective study over 6.5 years. There were 17 cases of latent congenital toxoplasmosis (56.7%) and 13 cases of clinical congenital toxoplasmosis (43.3%). Three infants presented with chorioretinitis: one at birth in a context of general stroke, the two others at 2 and 17 months after birth, despite treatment. The risk of retinochorioditis was the same in the case of latent or clinical congenital toxoplasmosis. The fall in the antibody titre was not a good criterion of cure; the percentage of lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid could constitute a better criterion. This study confirmed the efficacy of systemic treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis.

Antibodies, Protozoan↗
PubMed1990

[Pneumatic retinopexy using SF6 or C3F8. Results and complications apropos of 56 patients].

56 patients with primary retinal detachment were treated by pneumatic retinopexy. The overall success rate for reattachment with one operation was 66%. Postoperative complications included development of new tears (18%) and P.V.R. (16%). Pneumatic retinopexy is a valuable new technique, however careful patient selection and postoperative management is required.

Adult↗