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Biomedical subjects

J P Bellack

Publications and source records attributed to J P Bellack.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A collaborative clerkship with a focus on rural community health.

The Deans' Rural Primary Care Clerkship was developed through the collaborative efforts of South Carolina's two medical schools. The clerkship provides students an innovative learning experience in rural community medicine through the unique combination of learning opportunities with community-oriented primary care, continuous quality improvement, interdisciplinary health care teams, and cultural competency. Much of students' learning addresses current directives for population health training. The positive experience students are having in these rural, underserved South Carolina communities will help them better understand the rewards and challenges of rural, community-responsive health care.

Clinical Clerkship↗
PubMed1999

Differences in curriculum emphasis in US undergraduate and generalist residency education programmes.

OBJECTIVES: Little attention has been paid to the differential emphasis undergraduate and graduate medical education programmes place on the broad competencies that will be needed for practice in an increasingly managed health care environment. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in emphasis that undergraduate and primary care graduate medical education programmes are currently placing on 33 broad practice competencies, compared with the emphasis they ideally would like to give them, and the barriers they perceive to curriculum change. DESIGN: Subjects were surveyed by mailed questionnaire. A reminder postcard and follow-up mailing were sent to non-respondents. SETTING: US allopathic medical schools. SUBJECTS: Academic deans identified by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) and generalist (family medicine, internal medicine, paediatrics and obstetrics-gynaecology) residency programme directors identified by the American Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). RESULTS: Findings revealed that residency programmes placed greater emphasis on the study's broad curriculum topics than did undergraduate medical education programmes. Statistically significant differences were found in current emphasis for 12 topics and ideal emphasis for six topics. Both groups identified an already crowded curriculum and inadequate funding as the top two barriers to curriculum change. CONCLUSIONS: The differences in curriculum emphases and perceived barriers to curriculum change most probably reflect the different realities of undergraduate and graduate medical education programmes, i.e. academics vs. a focus on immediate practice realities.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1999

Responses of baccalaureate and graduate programs to the emergence of choice in nursing accreditation.

Specialized accreditation in nursing is a widely recognized and respected hallmark of program quality. The advent of a second specialized accrediting agency for baccalaureate and higher degree programs in nursing prompted a survey of these programs to determine their choice of nursing accreditation agency, factors influencing their choice, their perceptions of the value added by nursing accreditation, and the difficulties encountered with the accreditation process. These study variables and the relationships between choice of accrediting agency and types of degree-granting nursing education programs offered by the institution, agency membership in the National League of Nursing (NLN) or the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), expected date of next accreditation visit, geographic region, public versus private status, and type of institution (Carnegie classification) were analyzed. Findings revealed that nearly a quarter (24%) of respondents intend to continue with the NLN Accrediting Commission (NLNAC), whereas 30% indicated they have already switched to the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) or intend to do so prior to their next accreditation cycle. However, nearly a quarter (24%) of respondents said they plan to be accredited by both agencies for the immediate future, and 21% indicated they are still undecided. Study findings suggest an end to single-source accreditation, and the beginning of a new market-oriented approach.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1998

Creating statewide partnerships. The South Carolina experience.

Responding to demands that nursing leaders conduct business in creative proactive ways, the authors of this department share the work of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's national program, Colleagues in Caring: Regional Collaboratives for Nursing Work Force Development. The purpose of this initiative is to enhance regional and state collaborative planning and implement actions and policies to address the rapid changes occurring in the United States nursing labor market. This department, edited by Mary Fry Rapson, PhD, RN, CS, National Program Director, and Rebecca B. Rice, EdD, RN, National Deputy Director, presents the ongoing work of the program, highlighting the work of the 20 individual collaboratives. Regional approaches to the expected program outcomes and specific challenges and opportunities that are unique to each region's environment are included.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Academic deans' perceptions of current and ideal curriculum emphases.

This study assessed the current and ideal for dental curriculum emphasis of thirty-three curriculum topic areas and evaluated barriers to curriculum change. A forty-six item survey was mailed to the academic deans of all U.S. dental schools with an 86 percent e response rate (n = 57). The means of their responses for current curricular emphasis and ideal emphasis on the thirty-three topic areas were compared. "Health promotion/disease prevention," "primary care," and "effective patient-provider relationships/communication" were the three topic areas rated most highly (for ideal emphasis) by the academic deans. "Case management," "outpatient/ambulatory care," and "continuous quality improvement" also received high mean scores for ideal emphasis. The most significant barrier to curriculum reform was "an already crowded curriculum." The academic deans reasserted the traditional emphasis in dentistry on primary care. There also appears to be considerable support for educational programs that will foster better patient relationships and greater quality assurance and control.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1997

Academic deans' views on curriculum content in medical schools.

PURPOSE: To determine which of 33 topics academic deans identify as worthy of greater emphasis in medical curricula. Also, to assess the barriers to needed curricular changes. METHOD: In March 1996 a questionnaire was developed and mailed to the academic deans of all U.S. schools affiliated with the Association of American Medical Colleges (n = 126) and all schools associated with the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathy (n = 17). There were 46 questions in a five-point Likert-type format (1 = not at all, 5 = to a great extent) and one open-ended question. The deans were queried as to what extent each of 33 topics (1) was included in medical students' required learning experiences (current emphasis) and (2) should be included in medical students' required learning experiences (ideal emphasis). The deans were also asked to what extent they believed 12 different factors would be barriers to needed curriculum changes in their programs. Primary data analysis focused on simple comparisons of response means and frequencies. RESULTS: Two separate mailings resulted in the return of 100 questionnaires (70%): 85 from the allopathic schools (67%) and 15 from the osteopathic schools (88%). "Effective patient-provider relationships/communication," "outpatient/ambulatory care," and "health promotion/disease prevention" had the three highest mean ratings for ideal emphasis by the allopathic school deans. "Primary care," "professional values," and "use of electronic information systems" also had high mean rankings for ideal emphasis. "Primary care," "outpatient/ambulatory care," and "health promotion/disease prevention" had the three highest mean ratings for ideal emphasis by the osteopathic school deans. CONCLUSION: Changes in health care delivery and an increasing generalist orientation are influencing academic deans' perspectives on needed curriculum changes, and there appears to be considerable support for medical school curricula that will foster a broader, more humanistic role for physicians.

Attitude↗
PubMed1996

The use of projective techniques in pediatric nursing research from 1984 to 1993.

The purpose of this study was to review and analyze the use of projective techniques in published nursing studies in which children were the subjects. A search of the pediatric nursing research literature revealed 27 studies that were published between 1984 and 1993 in which projective techniques were used to investigate children's responses. The research purposes, characteristics of subjects, projective techniques employed and their validity and reliability, data analysis strategies, and major findings of the studies reviewed are analyzed and summarized. Recommendations for the use of projective techniques in research and clinical practice with children are offered.

Adolescent↗