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Biomedical subjects

J Oldham

Publications and source records attributed to J Oldham.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Diabetic diets and nutritional recommendations: what happens in real life?

Prospective 7-day estimated weight food records were computer analysed in 92 diabetic patients, 45 men and 47 women, 25 with Type 1 and 67 Type 2 diabetes, attending a hospital-based diabetic clinic. The nutrient intakes were compared with a national survey in non-diabetic British adults (OPCS) and the current EASD recommendations for the diabetic diet. Only three diabetic patients achieved the recommended 50-60% energy intake as carbohydrate, four achieved less than 30% energy as fat, one patient less than 10% saturated fat and 20 ate greater than 30 g fibre per day. The overall nutrient intakes of these diabetic patients reflected those of non-diabetic subjects except for a greater intake of protein and smaller intakes of sugar and alcohol. These findings reinforce the problems currently faced in achieving the present recommendations for the diabetic diet.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Second-trimester termination with 16,16 dimethyl-PGE1-methyl ester (gemeprost), compared with a regimen that included intra-amniotic PGF2 alpha and hypertonic saline.

The use of gemeprost (16,16 dimethyl-PGE1-methyl ester) pessaries was compared in an open, randomized single-centre trial with the intra-amniotic injection of PGF2 alpha combined with hypertonic saline, intravenous oxytocin and a hygroscopic cervical dilator (Dilapan) for the termination of pregnancy between 14 and 20 weeks. There was no significant difference in the induction-delivery interval for the two groups. With the exception of an increased incidence of diarrhoea in the gemeprost group, there was no significant difference in other side effects, analgesic requirements or retained placentae. Gemeprost pessaries are an effective alternative to the more invasive methods previously used for the induction of second-trimester termination.

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rehabilitation: objective assessment of muscle function.

The lack of an appropriate and objective measuring scale or tool has ensured that rehabilitation nurses' assessments of patients' muscle function have tended to be subjective and, arguably, inconsistent. Such inexact methods are no longer acceptable to the increasingly audit-conscious health service and research-oriented nursing profession. The authors introduce a means of completing an objective assessment of patients' muscle function which, they claim, will enable nurses to evaluate the efficacy of current and potential treatment options. In follow-up articles appearing in the next two editions of Nursing Standard, they discuss electrotherapeutic rehabilitation of skeletal muscle function.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rehabilitation of muscle function. Part 1.

This article, which develops the concepts introduced in the authors' paper in last week's edition (1), is the first of two which review and summarise recent studies describing techniques to test the hypothesis that uniform frequency stimulation of skeletal muscle deprives the muscle of the type of signals that are necessary for rapid, appropriate and effective adaptation. Next week, clinical trials which have tested this hypothesis will be described, and the implications of the results for nurses involved in rehabilitation work discussed; Part 1 sets out the methodology of extracting the firing patterns of single motor units from a fatiguing muscle.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rehabilitation of muscle function. Part 2.

This article describes the utilisation of a physiologically based research technique developed to facilitate the nursing care of patients with skeletal muscle wasting. The technique, which involved electrotherapeutic stimulation to the first dorsal interosseous muscle of a group of arthritic patients, demonstrates that patterned neuromuscular stimulation of skeletal muscle can have enormously beneficial effects in preserving and regenerating skeletal muscle. The reasons for the muscle wasting, and the subsequent vicious spiral of immobility, were reviewed in Part 1 (1), and both articles build on the concepts described in a previous paper published in Nursing Standard (2).

Electric Stimulation Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical education. Relating practical experiments to theory.

Integrating theory into practice is not without its difficulties. Often concepts derived from the physical and behavioural sciences appear to be unrelated to nursing practice and although noted laboriously by student nurses no active learning occurs. As nurse education changes not only in curriculum content and teaching methodology but in who will do the teaching and in what venue, then the importance of ensuring the relevance of theoretical concepts to nursing practice will increase. This paper illustrates how physiological theory can be integrated into nursing practice by the use of ward-based practical experiments. Currently four such experiments have been introduced and are being evaluated. There is scope for developing further experiments and it is contended that this approach will enhance learning.

Clinical Nursing Research↗