Biomedical subjects
J Odom
Publications and source records attributed to J Odom.
A prospective randomized study of pregnancy rates following intrauterine and intracervical insemination using frozen donor sperm.
Cryopreserved sperm have lowered fertility when compared with fresh sperm in artificial insemination by donor programs. The purpose of this study was to compare pregnancy rates following intrauterine insemination (IUI) and intracervical insemination (ICI) with cryopreserved sperm in a prospective trial using the patient as her own control. A total of 154 patients were randomized into alternating treatment cycles and underwent 238 cycles of IUI and 229 cycles of ICI. The pregnancy rate per treatment cycle was 9.7% following IUI and 3.9% following ICI. Treatment outcome was influenced by patient age, ovulatory status, and endometriosis. Pregnancy success correlated well with the post-thaw survival of sperm and the number of motile cells inseminated. In spite of having normal semen parameters, some donors were found to have markedly reduced sperm fecundity. We conclude that IUI with cryopreserved sperm can be an effective treatment for couples with infertility, genetic indications, or other reasons.
Effect of calcium lactate in erosion and S. mutans in rats when added to Coca-Cola.
Thirty-six Sprague Dawley rats, 22 days of age, were divided randomly into three groups of 12 each and housed in a programmable feeder. The three experimental groups received either Coca-Cola (CC), Coca-Cola with calcium lactate (CC-CaL), or distilled water. The programmable feeder was set to deliver 17 equal volumes of fluid per day with each feeding period lasting between 80-90 min. All groups were given Diet MIT 305 in one premeasured amount per 24 hr period (ad libitum). The pH of the CC with calcium lactate was adjusted to match the CC without calcium lactate by the addition of citric and phosphoric acids. The test period lasted five weeks. Each week, the food and fluid consumed and the weight gain were measured. Erosion of the teeth was scored by the method of Restarski et al. (1945). ANOVA indicated that there was a significant difference in the amount of erosion among groups. A Newman-Keuls analysis showed that the mean erosion score of the CC group was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than that of the CC-CaL and distilled water groups (54.2 +/- 0.12; 0.0275 +/- 0.0123; 0.132 +/- 0.070, respectively). There was no significant difference in erosion between the CC-CaL and distilled water groups. There was no difference in the amount of food and fluid consumed among the group of rats. In conclusion, calcium lactate added to CC resulted in significantly reduced tooth erosion in rats.
Orally and parenterally administered ibuprofen for postoperative adhesion prevention.
Adhesion formation was examined in 45 rats that were divided into five groups of 9 animals each: control, oral ibuprofen, intramuscular ibuprofen, intraperitoneal 32% dextran 70, and oral ibuprofen plus intraperitoneal 32% dextran 70. Four weeks after receiving a standard injury, all the animals were killed and the adhesions scored blindly. Both the oral and intramuscular ibuprofen groups had significantly less severe adhesion formation (P less than .01) when compared to the control group. Although 32% dextran 70 alone showed no beneficial effect in reducing adhesions, the combination of oral ibuprofen and 32% dextran 70 had the least adhesion formation (P less than .002) when compared to the control group. Oral and intramuscular ibuprofen seem to be equally efficient in reducing postoperative adhesions. Furthermore, the combination of oral ibuprofen and 32% dextran 70 appears to have a synergistic effect.
Anterior approach to the thoracolumbar spine: technical considerations.
Forty-five patients, of whom most were children, underwent extensive exposure of the thoracolumbar spine to correct serious orthopedic abnormalities. The spine was exposed through a combined thoracotomy and retroperitoneal approach that gave excellent access with minimal morbidity. The diaphragm was opened circumferentially after the peritoneum had been dissected from its muscular portion. This permitted repair of the diaphragm with no detectable loss of function. Although this approach was developed for exposure of the spine, it can also be utilized to expose the entire aorta, both kidneys and their blood supply, and the retroperitoneal area for possible excision of large tumors.
The influence of social status and prior explanation on parental attitudes toward behavior management techniques.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether parental social status influences preference toward behavior management techniques used during dental treatment of children. One hundred and twenty-two parents from two private practices and one institutional site completed a questionnaire and rated eight commonly used behavior management techniques. These techniques were tell-show-do, nitrous oxide/oxygen, Papoose Board (Olympic Medical Group, Seattle, WA), voice control, hand-over-mouth (HOM), oral premedication, active restraint, and general anesthesia (GA). Half the parents viewed these eight techniques on a videotape which contained prior explanation for each technique (experimental group). The other half (control group) viewed the same techniques on videotape, but without prior explanations. Parents indicated their degree of acceptability by marking a line on a visual analogue scale (VAS, scored from 1 to 99). A score below 50 was considered acceptable. The parents were divided into "high" and "low" social status groups. Significant differences for HOM and GA were noted between mean scores of the experimental and control groups for both "high" and "low" social status groups; the control groups were less accepting except for GA in the "low" group where the reverse was true (P < 0.05). Techniques judged least acceptable were HOM, GA, Papoose Board and oral premedication. Parental acceptance of individual techniques varied greatly, suggesting the importance of informed consent irrespective of social status.
Lidocaine a safe agent to use for dysrhythmias during a malignant hyperthermia crisis.
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