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Biomedical subjects

J O Oh

Publications and source records attributed to J O Oh.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Herpesvirus in sensory and autonomic ganglia after eye infection.

In herpesvirus hominis (HVH) infections, virus harbored in the sensory ganglia is now thought to be the main source of recurrent infection at peripheral sites. Experimental HVH infection of the external eye in rabbits produces an acute infection and then latent infection of the trigeminal ganglion. In this study, acute infection of the automatic ganglia serving the eye (superior cervical and ciliary) as well as trigeminal ganglia occurred after HVH inoculation of rabbits' corneas with a herpes type 1 strain (RE). Latent virus infection was detected in the trigeminal ganglion of one of five animals tested six months after initial infection. Since the superior cervical and other autonomic ganglia serving the eye become infected during acute herpes simplex virus infection of the external eye in rabbits, it is possible that these ganglia are also sources of reinfection in recurrent herpetic disease of the eye. Following the initial eye disease with this virus strain, HVH shedding could not be demonstrated even after induction attempts by topically applied epinephrine or systemic use of cyclophosphamide. Thus, establishment of latent HVH infection in the ganglia and chronic shedding of virus into the external eye is not a constant feature of this animal model, but may depend on the specific strain of herpesvirus used.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Herpes simplex uveitis in immune rabbits. Priming effect of nonherpetic uveitis.

Systemic immunization of rabbits with herpes simplex virus (HSV) had two opposite effects on the outcome of subsequent efforts to produce primary HSV uveitis, the difference depending on whether or not the rabbits had had nonherpetic uveitis before the HSV challenge. In normal eyes, systemic immunization with HSV provided complete protection against the production of primary uveitis by an intraocular injection of HSV; but in eyes that had had a bout of experimentally induced nonherpetic uveitis before the challenge, the same systemic immunization was not protective. In these eyes, an immune-mediated uveal inflammation developed. Nonherpetic uveitis had apparently "primed" the eyes of the HSV-immune rabbits for subsequent immune-mediated HSV uveitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The effect of a topical anesthetic on the recovery of Herpes simplex virus.

The effect of proparacaine hydrochloride (Ophthaine), a commonly used topical ocular anesthetic, on the recovery of types 1 and 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV) was studied in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro studies, the titers of both virus types were significantly lower after exposing them to Ophthaine than after exposing them to a control solution. but in the recovery of virus from corneal scrapings from HSV-infected rabbit eyes, collected on the third and seventh days of clinical disease, there was no significant difference between the Ophthaine-treated eyes and the controls. We explored the possible reasons for the disparity between these in vitro and in vivo results.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1976

Herpes simplex keratitis in a developing country. Natural history and treatment of epithelial ulcers in Tunisia.

Herpes simplex keratitis was found to be a common ophthalmic problem in Tunisia. Dendritic and geographic ulcers were complicated by deep stromal keratitis in 31% of patients, two thirds of whom were known to have been treated previously with corticosteroids. Herpes simplex virus was isolated from 41% of patients from whom corneal material was cultured. To develop an effective program for management of epithelial herpes in developing countries, treatment with idoxuridine was compared with debridement and patching. Average healing time for 31 ulcers treated with idoxuridine was 13 days, with three treatment failures; average healing time for 20 ulcers treated with debridement and patching was five days, with one failure. Debridement and patching of herpetic ulcers was an efficient way to treat herpes simplex keratitis within the context of overall medical care in Tunisia.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of aspirin and dexamethasone on intraocular pressure in primary uveitis produced by Herpes simplex virus.

The intracameral injection of New Zealand white male rabbits with type 1 herpes simplex virus produced acute anterior uveitis with biphasic elevation of the intraocular pressure (IOP). The first IOP increase occurred on day 1 and 2 and the second increase on day 8. There was no significant correlation between the IOP changes and multiplication of herpes simplex virus in the uvea and cornea, nor between the IOP changes and histopathologic alteration of the tissue. Aspirin suppressed significantly the first as well as the second IOP elevation, whereas dexamethasone suppressed significantly only the second elevation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Acute ocular infection by type 2 herpes simplex virus in adults.

Acute ocular infections in two adults were caused by type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV) ("genital herpesvirus"). One patient had an acute blepharoconjunctivitis, the other an acute keratoconjunctivitis. Genital infections had preceded the eye infections, and type 2 HSV was isolated from the eyes of both patients and from the genital lesions of one patient. This strongly suggests transmission of type 2 HSV from the genital site to the eye.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Type 1 and type 2 herpes simplex uvietis in immune rabbits: importance of pure virus preparation.

Systemic immunization with type 1 herpes simplex virus (HSV) protected rabbits from developing uveitis when they were challenged intravitreally with either purified type 1 or purufied type 2 HSV. But when an HSV preparation contaminated with a nonviral foreign antigen (fetal calf serum) was used for both systemic immunization and challenge, the immunization against HSV failed to exert a protective effect because the fetal calf serum had produced a nonviral immunologic reaction in the uveal tract. This clearly indicates the importance of preparing virus properly for use in experiments of this nature.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Effects of an interferon inducer, poly I:C, on acute ocular infection produced by intracameral inoculation of Toxoplasma gondii.

A potent interferon inducer, synthetic polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid complex (poly I:C), was used prophylactically and therapeutically in experimental ocular Toxoplasma infections in rabbits. Daily intravenous injections of poly I:C alone or when combined with daily subconjunctival injections of the inducer delayed the appearance of conjunctivitis, corneal opacity, and iritis in Toxoplasma-infected eyes provided that the treatment was started 1 day before the infection. When the treatment was begun at the same time or 1 day after the infection, no delay in the production of the ocular lesions was noted. In no case was the treatment curative or completely suppressive.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

Protective effect of a synthetic polynucleotide complex (poly I: C) on ocular lesions produced by trachoma agent in rabbits.

Live trachoma agent (TE55) injected into the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye produced the following agent-specific ocular lesions: corneal opacity, corneal neovascularization, and iritis. Three intravenous injections of 1 mg of a potent interferon (IF) inducer, polyriboinosinic acid-polyribocytidylic acid complex (poly I:C), markedly suppressed the ocular lesions produced by the trachoma agent but failed to inhibit the growth of the agent in the ocular tissues. Furthermore, a single intravenous injection of 1 mg of polyriboinosinic acid or of polyribocytidylic acid was also protective, although each failed to induce any detectable circulating IF. These results indicate that a factor or factors other than IF may play a role in the suppression of the ocular lesions produced by trachoma agent in poly I:C-injected rabbits.

Journal Article↗