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Biomedical subjects

J O Haller

Publications and source records attributed to J O Haller.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Sonographic evaluation of the chest in infants and children.

Sonography was used to evaluate 28 patients (age range, newborn to 16 years) with mediastinal and juxtacardiac masses and disease processes, partial or complete opacification of a hemithorax, and various juxtadiaphragmatic abnormalities. Technically adequate studies were obtained in 93% of the cases. Sonography was of greatest value in determining the cause of an opaque hemithorax, characterizing fluid collections, localizing fluid collections prior to percutaneous aspiration or drainage, and demonstrating the position and integrity of the diaphragm. Sonography was least successful in depicting and characterizing mediastinal disorders. The authors' method is described and the technical limitations and pitfalls of pediatric chest sonography are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1979

Shunt metastases of pineal tumors presenting as a pelvic mass.

Three children with pineal area tumors and ventriculoperitoneal shunts developed pelvic masses. In two, the solid masses reflected tumor cells seeded to the Pouch of Douglas while the third developed a loculation of fluid and tumor cells at the shunt tip.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Traumatic strictures of the prostatomembranous urethra in children: radiologic evaluation before and after urethral reconstruction.

Impassible strictures of the posterior urethra are frequent sequelae of injuries of the prostatomembranous urethra. To select the appropriate type of urethral reconstructive procedure, the surgeon must know the length of the stricture, whether local complications are present, and whether the anterior urethra is strictured or bound down by fibrosis. The authors describe the radiographic techniques they use to plan urethral reconstruction and evaluate the operative result. The principles of the one-stage transperineal and combined transpubic-transperineal repairs and the two-stage Turner-Warwick scrotal skin inlay urethroplasty are presented to enable radiologists and urologists to interpret contrast studies of the lower urinary tract in patients who have undergone these operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The radiographic approach to injuries of the prostatomembranous urethra in children.

We favor initial non-operative treatment (suprapubic cystostomy drainage only) for prostatomenbranous urethral injuries in children and adolescents. Non-operative treatment usually results in uncomplicated strictures that can be corrected by a 1-stage transperineal or transpublic operation 4 to 6 months later. A hands-off diagnostic approach, which relies on excretory urography and retrograde injection urethrography to demonstrate partial and complete tears, eliminates the need for blind passage of catheters, an invasive procedure that may lead to complicated strictures unsuitable for a 1-stage repair. If a 1-stage repair is planned it is necessary to determine the length of the stricture, whether there are local complications and whether the anterior urethra can be widely mobilized. The radiographic techniques used to plan a corrective operation and to evaluate the results are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Adrenal hemorrhage in the newborn with evidence of bleeding while in utero.

A case is reported of bilateral hemorrhagic adrenal cysts in a newborn. Evaluation of the patient included x-rays of the abdomen, excretory urography, retrograde pyelography and sonography. The presence of a faint calcification in the region of the right adrenal at birth and further progression of calcification in the same area suggest that some initial bleeding occurred in utero.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Vesicoperineal accessory urethra.

A previously undescribed form of accessory urethra was found in 2 boys. In each the supernumerary urethra originated from the bladder, just anterior to the vesical neck, passed anterior to the prostate and crossed the normal urethra. In 1 case the channel ended blindly and in the other it opened on the posterior aspect of the scrotum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: clinical and radiological aspects.

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is characterized by port-wine hemangiomas, deep venous system abnormalities, superficial varicosities, and bony and soft-tissue hypertrophy. When associated with an arteriovenous fistula, it has been termed Klippel-Trenaunay-Parkes-Weber syndrome. It is imperative that both the radiologist and surgeon be aware of this entity, as incomplete evaluation and inappropriate surgery may be devastating. Radiological workup includes phlebography, angiography, and conventional radiography of the involved extremities. Surgery should be performed only to relieve deep venous obstruction (if present) or to correct inequality in the lengths of legs. Removal of superficial varicosities is contraindicated because it will worsen existing symptoms. Five cases of KTS are presented and the literature reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Sonographic evaluation of mesenteric and omental masses in children.

Masses in the mesenteries and omentum are often difficult to diagnose by conventional radiographic techniques. Gray scale sonography was a valuable adjunct to radiographic vector analysis in four children with such masses. Masses that are clearly separable from the liver and spleen and do not distort identifiable extraperitoneal structures are probably intraperitoneal. In children most cystic intraperitoneal masses are related to the mesenteries, omentum, ovary, or bile ducts. An anterior fluid collection with internal septa (which might be mistaken for loculated ascites) is the typical sonographic appearance of an omental cyst. Echogenic masses are more difficult to evaluate: careful study of the acoustical features yielded important information in cases of omental lipoma and rhabdomyosarcoma metastatic to the mesenteries and omentum.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Ultrasonic diagnosis of gynecologic disorders in children.

During the last five years we have applied diagnostic ultrasound to more than 350 girls under the age of 15 for suspected obstetric and gynecologic disorders. More than 60% of these patients were pregnant and were studied before elective abortion. Many other children were studied for amenorrhea or for the evaluation of a pelvic mass. Sonography has allowed us to successfully distinguish pelvic masses of ovarian origin from those of uterine origin. We have also been able to rule out functioning endocrine tumors in children with precocious puberty. In cases of intersex, sonography has been useful in the older child prior to reconstructive surgery but has played an ancillary role to more invasive procedures in the infant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Dominantly-inherited polycystic kidneys in infants: association with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Newborn male fraternal twins presented at 10 days of age will bilateral flank masses; intravenous urograms showed polycystic kidney disease. Both babies also had hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). Their father has radiographic and sonographi findings of previously unsuspected polycystic kidneys and has a history of HPS in infancy. The association of dominantly-inherited polycystic kidneys (DPK) and HPS in this family is probably due to chance. However the authors speculate that the autosomal gene for DPK may occur at one of several loci that carry the genetic liability for HPS, A DISORDER TRANSMITTED BY POLYGENIC INHERITANCE.

Diseases in Twins↗
PubMed1977

Anorexia nervosa - the paucity of radiologic findings in more than fifty patients.

Anorexia nervosa is a self-imposed progressive starvation based on a psychiatric disorder. More than fifty patients (mainly adolescent girls) have had extensive radiologic evaluation. The radiographic findings are an absence of subcutaneous fat, with reduced muscle mass; the gastrointestinal findings are limited to moderate non-obstructive dilatation of small bowel loops with minimal effect on transit. These findings reflect the cachexia and in no way are diagnostic of anorexia nervosa per se.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Pilomatrixoma (calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe): radiographic features.

Pilomatrixomas (calcifying epitheliomas of Malherbe) are benign soft-tissue tumors that occur in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues; about 40% are found in children under 10 years of age. More than 80% have microscopic calcification and/or ossification. Although the incidence of radiographically visible calcification is not known, heavily calcified tumors have a distinctive radiographic appearance. The authors describe the radiographic and pathologic findings in 2 children with pilomatrixomas.

Calcinosis↗