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Biomedical subjects

J Nusbacher

Publications and source records attributed to J Nusbacher.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Health risk of leukapheresis donors.

The increasing use of normal donors for leukapheresis to provide granulocyte concentrates requires careful monitoring of recruitment and operational procedures to minimize donor health risks. Of 18,288 leuka- and leukaplateletphereses performed in American Red Cross regional blood services during a 12-month period, only 0.27% were discontinued because of acute donor reactions. None of these reactions had serious or long-term consequences for the donors. The potential toxicities of corticosteroids and hydroxyethyl starch, and the theoretical hazards of lymphocyte depletion, raise unanswerable questions concerning long-term safety, although no serious adverse reactions related to these factors have been observed. Critical factors for leukapheresis donor safety are: selective donor recruitment, adherence to operational protocols, and continuous and informed interest of physicians responsible for pheresis programs. Additional data are needed to assess the effects of repeated leukapheresis on donors and to establish rational guidelines for donor recruitment.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1982

Transfusion malaria: treatment with exchange transfusion after delayed diagnosis.

A 65-year-old woman was rehospitalized for increasing mental confusion 16 days after open heart surgery for mitral stenosis. A diagnosis of transfusion-acquired falciparum malaria was made from a routine peripheral blood smear 24 hours after admission. Because progressive encephalopathy developed while she was receiving antimalarial drugs, a therapeutic exchange transfusion was performed. Clinical improvement occurred promptly during the exchange, and the patient went on to complete recovery from her malaria. The putative blood donor involved met the currently accepted standards for blood donors.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis method for investigation of human plasma proteins: detection of subtle changes during filtration leukapheresis.

Special problems are associated with analysis of human plasma proteins by standard "high-resolution" two-dimensional gel electrophoresis methods in which isoelectric focusing is followed by electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gels (SDS-PAGE). Individual plasma proteins are often separated into overlapping groups of multiple spots, and identification of individual spots is further confounded by genetic variation. Analytical recovery of components of high molecular mass is also low or variable. These problems may be reduced or overcome by use of a "low-resolution" method consisting of electrophoresis of native proteins at pH 8.6 in an agarose gel followed by SDS-PAGE without added reducing agent. About 60 proteins can be resolved, most as single spots. About 25 of these proteins have been "mapped," and tentatively identified. We have examined 119 plasma samples taken from six donors who were undergoing filtration leukapheresis and 10 donors who were undergoing centrifugation leukapheresis or plateletpheresis. In all cases, passage of blood through a nylon filter induced a significant increase in a doublet of spots tentatively identified as complement component C3c. This was detected in the effluent from the filter throughout the first 30 min of filtration, and to a lesser extent in the venous blood. These spots were not induced by the centrifugation procedures. One filtration donor also showed increased acute-phase proteins 24 h after the procedure.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1981

Renal involvement in Refsum's disease.

Renal hemodynamic and tubular functions were measured in a patient with Refsum's disease before and after 12 weeks of twice-weekly plasmaphereses. Percutaneous renal biopsy was performed before initiation of plasmapheresis. These studies were performed to (1) define the nature of the renal lesions and the effects of phytanic acid accumulation on renal functions, and (2) assess the effects of lowering the plasma phytanic acid level on renal functions. The patient, a 39 year old woman, had lipiduria, glycosuria, cylindruria, minimal proteinuria and mild azotemia initially. Renal lesions consist of extensive vacuolization and mitochondrial changes of the tubular epithelial cells, vacuolization of the visceral epithelial cells of the glomeruli, and slight to moderate mesangial sclerosis. The impaired renal hemodynamic function and various tubular functions improved following plasmaphereses associated with reduction of plasma phytanic acid. Over-all clinical improvement was also evident.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Inhibition of granulocyte erythrophagocytosis by HLA antisera.

The ability of HLA antisera to inhibit granulocyte erythrophagocytosis (EP) of opsonized red blood cells (RBC) was evaluated. Human granulocytes (PMN) were separated from heparinized whole blood by the Ficoll-Isopaque technique and suspended in McCoy's medium. EP occurred when the PMN were incubated with opsonized RBC. For six HLA antibody specificities evaluated, prior incubation of PMN with HLA antisera resulted in significant inhibition of EP without cytolysis when the PMN donor was positive for the specific HLA antigen, but not when the donor was negative for the antigen. The inhibition was time- and dose-dependent. Prior absorption of HLA antisera with HLA-specific platelets reduced or abolished the inhibition. An example of anti-NB1 also inhibited EP in 4 individuals. These data suggest that HLA antibody may adversely affect granulocyte phagocytic function. Inhibition of EP might be useful in evaluating compatibility prior to granulocyte transfusion.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1977

Plateletpheresis using the haemonetics model 30 cell separator.

Plateletpheresis using the Haemonetics Model 30 cell separator results in a mean collection of 5.5 X 10(11) platelets. This product contains substantial numbers of erythrocytes and mononuclear cells which can be effectively removed by centrifugation but with a 23% loss of platelets as well. The mean decrement in donor's platelet count during the procedure, which is 78,000/mm3, is not commensurate with the number of platelets collected suggesting donor platelet mobilization. Platelets collected by this technic, when transfused into unselected recipients, give platelet increments comparable to platelets produced in the standard batch manner.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1975

Dissociation of MNSs antigens using sodium deoxycholate fraction of erythrocyte membranes.

A dissociation of the MNSs blood group system has been demonstrated by sodium deoxycholate fractionation of erythrocyte membrane preparations. The MN antigens were localized in a fraction that sedimented at 30,000 g while the Ss antigens remained soluble after 100,000 g centrifugation for donors who were heterozygous at the MN locus. In contrast, fractions derived from erythrocytes of 'homozygous' M or N donors showed M or N activity in both the 30,000 g pellet and 100,000 g supernatant and Ss remained in the 100,000 g supernatant.

Blood Group Antigens↗