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Biomedical subjects

J Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to J Nielsen.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Ovarian and placental hormones during prolactin suppression and stimulation in early human pregnancy.

Twenty-seven healthy females referred for legal abortion between the sixth and ninth week of pregnancy were treated for 1 week with either bromocriptine, metoclopramide or placebo. Serum prolactin was significantly (P < 0.01) elevated by metoclopramide and suppressed by bromocriptine. Despite a more than tenfold difference in circulating prolactin levels among these two groups, no significant difference was found in serum levels of progesterone, oestradiol, human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) human placental lactogen (hPL) or pregnancy specific B1-glycoprotein (SP1). These data suggest that circulating levels of prolactin below 150 ng/ml are without effect on either luteal or placental hormone secretion during early human pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Progesterone and human chorionic gonadotrophin in serum and pregnandiol in urine in threatened abortion.

Progesterone and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in serum and pregnandiol in urine were measured in 64 patients admitted to hospital because of threatened abortion. Blood samples were taken and urine specimens collected at regular intervals during admission and after discharge during the rest of the pregnancy. A reference range was worked out for each hormone based on the hormone values obtained from the pregnancies proceeding to term. The predictive significance of values within and below the reference range was determined, for the initial sample and for serial samples. An association between hormone levels and outcome of pregnancy was observed but it is concluded that both single and serial determinations of progesterone and pregnandiol and serial determinations of HCG are unsatisfactory for the evaluation of threatened abortion. However, an initial progesterones value below the reference range and HCG values below 10,000 mIU/ml between the 8th and 15th week of pregnancy was in every case always followed by spontaneous abortion. A hormonal test of fetoplacental origin is recommended for monitoring threatened abortion.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1980

Experimental Ascaris suum infection in pigs. Serological response, eosinophilia in peripheral blood, occurrence of white spots in the liver and worm recovery from the intestine.

Experimental oral inoculation of pigs with infective A. suum eggs resulted in eosinophilia in the peripheral blood and a serum antibody response. When pigs were inoculated at 3 days of age the antibody response was depressed which is suggested to be due either to a protective effect of colostral antibodies or to an immunologic incompetence of the young pigs. Despite the use of isolated pens and strict hygienic measures it was difficult to obtain an Ascaris free environment for the experimental animals. The pathogenesis of white spots in the liver is assumed to represent an immune reaction by the host. Multiple white spots were demonstrated when pigs were inoculated with several egg doses provided the livers were examined 1--3 weeks after last inoculation. The rapid healing of white spots implies that the finding of many white spots in the liver at slaughter indicate a recent uptake of infective A. suum eggs. The finding of low intestinal worm burdens in the experimental pigs after repeated oral inoculations indicates a specific, acquired resistance. Resistance to A. suum in pigs is suggested to involve co-operation of the humoral and the cell mediated immune system and the parasite is eliminated both during migration by white spot formation in the liver and during the early prepatent period by expulsion from the gut.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus.

This series of 69 patients having adenocarcinomas in the oesophagus is drawn from 1002 oesophageal cancers seen at the Finsen Institute during the years 1945-1969 incl., corresponding to 25% of oesophageal cancers registered during that period in the whole of Denmark. 90% of the adenocarcinomas were located to the lower third of the oesophagus. 24 patients had surgical attempts, resection being possible in 11 cases, viz. 16% of all and 46% of those with whome surgery was attempted. 27% died postoperatively. Two patients survived five years. 20 pateints had irradiation in therapeutic dosages (i.e. greater than or equal to 45 Gy) with one 5-year survivor. Crude 5-year survival for all cases was 4.3%. The best prognosis for lower adenocarcinomas is offered by resection. Resection not feasible, this series demonstrates survival of lower adenocarcinomas following irradiation in therapeutic dosages not to be inferior to that of therapeutically irradiated lower squamous cellular carcinomas, and that the sensitivity to irradiation seems to be the same.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Fragile site long arm chromosome 16.

A fragile site at the long arms (q21) of chromosome 16 was found in two persons, each of whom became the parent of a child with a de novo structural chromosome abnormality--a balanced autosomal translocation and an autosomal deletion. The question of an increased risk of structural chromosome abnormalities in the offspring of persons with fragile site long arm 16 is discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

Electronic data processing in the Danish cytogenetic central register and EDP problems of registers in general.

A brief introduction to the Danish Cytogenetic Central Register (DCCR) is given, and possibilities, principles and problems concerning the establishment and maintenance of a national cytogenetic register are presented. Various data carrier media for registers in general are discussed, of which the magnetic disc is considered most appropriate. General principles for programs capable of performing insertions, deletions and other modifications in the data base are outlined as well as the principles for the programs in the DCCR. The individual records should preferably be identified by aid of a central person registration number (CPR) rather than by name. The data should be stored and sorted by this identification in order to facilitate retrieval of a desired record. The structure of the records is discussed with regard to prevention of the occurrence of certain errors as well as the optimization of processing. Flexibility and economy of space are achieved by using programs able to handle records of unequal length, and problems occurring in connection with this are discussed. The question of how to protect sensitive data is dealt with, and two different methods used in the DCCR are outlined. Programs capable of analyzing karyotypes with the purpose of recognizing various cytogenetic syndromes have been developed for use in the DCCR. Various examples of computing times of typical program runs are presented.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1979

Fertility in women with Turner's syndrome. Case report and review of literature.

A successful pregnancy in a woman with Turner's syndrome with a 45,X/46,XX karyotype is described. The literature contains reports of a total of nine pregnancies in seven women with a 45,X karyotype and 56 pregnancies in 23 women with mosaicism and a 45,X cell line, as well as a 46,XX and/or 47,XXX cell line. Fifteen of the latter 56 pregnancies ended in spontaneous abortion (27 per cent), and four ended in the delivery of a stillborn child; 12 of the 37 liveborn infants (32 per cent) had a physical or mental abnormality, and 8 (22 per cent) had a chromosome abnormality. Three had Down's syndrome, and five had a 45,X cell line. Due to the relatively high (8 per cent) incidence of Down's syndrome among liveborn infants of women with Turner's syndrome, amniocentesis for fetal karyotyping should be advised.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Psychiatric examination of all eight adult males with the karyotype 46,XX diagnosed in Denmark till 1976.

Psychiatric examination has been made in all eight adult males with the karyotype 46,XX diagnosed in Denmark til 1976. Apart from emotional immaturity in most probands, no psychopathological traits were found, except in one who had neurotic symptoms. They were all of normal intelligence and socially well adjusted. All had male psychosexual orientation, but weak sexual libido and potency were found in the oldest probands. In several respects males with 46,XX differ from Klinefelter males with the karyotype 47,XXY, and the reasons for this are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Poly-maleic acid anhydride (PMA) coupled cortisol antibody in routine determination of urinary free cortisol.

Antibodies against cortisol-21-hemisuccinate conjugated to bovine serum albumin was raised in rabbits and conjugated with poly-maleic acid anhydride. The conjugate was used in a solid phase radioimmunoassay to measure the urinary excretion of unconjugated cortisol. Cortisol was extracted with methylene chloride, the extract purified by chromatography on Sephadex LH-20, and the cortisol content measured with the radioimmunoassay. The intra-assay variation of the method was 6 per cent and the interassay variation 10 per cent. In 95 normal adult persons the excretion of free cortisol was 11--70, mean 30 micrograms/24 h. No sex or age difference was found. In 8 children aged 7--14 years the excretion was 8--46 micrograms/24 h.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1979

X/X translocation and Turner's syndrome in a woman with climacterium praecox.

A woman with X/X translocation is presented, and the association between the different types of X/X translocation and Turner's syndrome as well as the question of menstruations and fertility in women with Turner's syndrome are discussed. It is concluded that streak gonads should most probably not be included in the definition of Turner's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of hyperprolactinemic luteal insufficiency with bromocriptine.

Twelve patients with infertility and insufficent luteal function were studied during a control cycle, and during a cycle when 2.5 mg of bromocriptine was given twice daily. Serum levels of prolactin, progesterone, estradiol-17-beta, FSH and LH were determined during both cycles. Endometrial biopsies were taken from most patients during the late luteal phase. Two patients had persistent hyperprolactinemia, approximately 35-45 ng/ml, and both had repeated insufficient luteal function, which completely reverted to normal during treatment. Five of the 10 normoprolactinemic patients achieved a normal luteal function during bromocriptine therapy. No pregnancies were achieved during the study but one patient later conceived during bromocriptine therapy.

Adult↗