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Biomedical subjects

J Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to J Nielsen.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

High performance liquid chromatographic determination of moxalactam in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid.

A sensitive and reproducible method for the measurement of moxalactam in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid is described. Plasma proteins were removed by precipitation with ice-cold methanol at pH 5.6 and centrifugation. The supernatant was analysed by HPLC on a mu-Bondapack/phenyl column, with a mobile phase of acetonitrile/water/PIC Reagent A (20/80/1), and detection at 280 nm. The calibration curve was linear for plasma concentrations from 10 micrograms/ml to 60 micrograms/ml. Reproducibility was 4.7% (coefficient of variation) for within-day analysis and 13.8% for day-to-day analysis. Plasma concentrations in 9 moxalactam-treated patients with severe infections ranged from 0.9 micrograms/ml to 409 micrograms/ml. Individual pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a personal computer. In selected cases moxalactam concentrations were also determined in cerebrospinal fluid and tracheal aspirates.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Hormonal contraception in diabetic women: acceptability and influence on diabetes control and ovarian function of a nonalkylated estrogen/progestogen compound.

The clinical acceptability and the influence on diabetes control were investigated in 50 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during intake of a combined nonalkylated estrogen/progestogen compound (4 mg 17-beta estradiol, 2 mg estriol and 1 mg norethindrone) for one year. In 6 IDDM women, the influence of the hormonal treatment on diabetes control and on ovarian function was investigated by measuring the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb-Alc), fasting plasma glucose, serum estradiol, serum estrone, serum progesterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) capacity. No pregnancy occurred during the study and the overall continuation rate of 60% compare well with the continuation rate normally found in non-diabetic women after administration of conventional type oral contraceptives. No difficulties with diabetes control was registered and no significant changes in insulin requirements, 24-h urinary glucose excretion nd Hb-Alc were found. Ovulation was inhibited during the hormonal intake as judged by serum progesterone measurements. Serum estrone increased (p less than 0.05), but this had no influence on SHBG capacity, indicating that the estrogen/androgen balance was unchanged during treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Phthalate ester exposure--air levels and health of workers processing polyvinylchloride.

Exposure to phthalic acid esters (PAE; mainly di-(2-ethylhexyl), diisodecyl and butylbenzyl phthalates) of workers in a polyvinyl chloride processing industry ranged from 0.02 to 2 mg/m3 in different job categories. The workers excreted slightly but significantly higher levels of PAE metabolites in urine than controls. In 54 workers studied clinically, there were no indications of peripheral nerve or respiratory system effects. Some biochemical tests were abnormal; these should be studied further.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A folate sensitive heritable fragile site at 19p13.

A fragile site at 19p13 was found in the mother of a newborn girl with Downs syndrome. The fragile site was expressed in medium containing low folate and by addition of FdU, whereas high folate, thymidine and thymidine-analogues inhibited the expression. This fragile site may prove valuable for linkage studies on chromosome 19.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Electroencephalographic examination of 64 Danish Turner girls.

An EEG study of 64 Danish Turner girls and age-matched controls was made. The characteristic findings in the basic EEG rhythms of Turner girls were: 1) alpha activity of more rapid frequency (10.5+ Hz), lower amplitude (-20 microV, lower amount (-30%) and diffuse areas, 2) beta activity of slower frequency (14-18 Hz), higher amplitude (10-20+ microV), higher amount (50+ %) and diffuse areas, and 3) theta activity of higher amount (30+ %) than controls. Dominant EEG rhythm was more rapid and aging effect was more pronounced in Turner girls than in the controls. Marked or moderate asymmetry was observed in 15 Turner girls compared with three controls (p less than 0.01). Asymmetry was most pronounced at the occipital (p less than 0.01) and parietal area (p less than 0.02), but not so at the frontal, temporal or central areas. In 64 Turner girls, paroxysmal EEG abnormality was found in one, paroxysmal, slight abnormality in 13, basic abnormality in three and normal/borderline in 47. The EEG diagnosis did not differ in Turner and control girls. The characteristic findings in the basic EEG rhythm and dominant rhythm were more pronounced in Turner girls with 45,X than in those with other karyotypes, who showed some similarity to the controls. Our findings indicate that Turner girls have a functional brain disorder more often than the controls, particularly at the occipital and parietal areas and in those with hemispheric differences most often in the right hemisphere. Further studies comprising 24-h EEG investigation and blood flow studies were suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Interpersonal violence: patterns in a Danish community.

We studied all cases of assault with violence (1,639) in a Danish population of 275,000 over a one-year period. Most victims were young men. The incidence rose during evenings, nights and weekends, and assaults were often seen in or around bars and restaurants. Women accounted for 64 per cent of all victims of assault in the home. Influence of alcohol was identified in 43 per cent of all cases. The fist was the most frequent agent of assault; use of firearms was a very rare act of violence but was associated with death in three out of five cases. There were 10 deaths in all.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Plasma norepinephrine is abnormal in patients with duodenal ulcer. The significance of age.

Previous studies indicate that the forearm venous plasma norepinephrine (NE) concentration is abnormally high in patients with duodenal ulcer. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between age and plasma NE concentration in patients with duodenal ulcer and controls. Eleven male patients with duodenal ulcer and 12 male control subjects were examined. Plasma NE concentration was approximately twofold greater in duodenal ulcer patients in both the resting seated position and during exercise than values obtained in controls (2 p less than 0.02, less than 0.05). There was a strong correlation between plasma NE and age in patients with duodenal ulcer but not in controls (r = 0.69, 2 p less than 0.05). Our results suggest that the increase in plasma NE with age is greater in patients with duodenal ulcer than in normal healthy subjects or in patients with minor surgical diseases. Patients with duodenal ulcer may have a higher functional age than healthy subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Systemic reactions associated with polyisocyanate exposure.

A spray-painter suffered attacks of chills, fever, general malaise, dyspnea and wheezing, headache, arthralgia, and leucocytosis a few hours after exposure to aerosols of varnishes containing two different polyisocyanates based upon monomers of hexamethylene or toluene diisocyanate. Immunologic studies revealed an increase in the serum immunoglobulin G level, but no specific antibodies against isocyanates conjugated to human serum albumin. The polyisocyanate level in the workroom air was high [a time-weighted average of 4.2 mg/m3, corresponding to 17 mumol NCO (isocyanate groups)/m3], the toluene diisocyanate monomer level being much lower (a time-weighted average of 0.03 mg/m3, corresponding to 0.3 mumol NCO/m3).

Aerosols↗
PubMed1985

Gastric cancer with special reference to prognostic factors. A review of 779 cases.

A series of 779 patients with gastric cancer diagnosed in the 20-year period 1960-1979 is presented. Surgery was performed in 86% of the cases, but was judged to be radical in only 28%. The operative mortality in the total period was 14.3%, with a fall in the final 5-year period. Patient age, stage of cancer and radicality of operation were prognostic factors as regards survival time. The overall 5-year survival rate was 12%. The rate was 37% after radical surgery, increasing to 49% when corrected for age and sex. The survival rate was unchanged during the period of the study. The crude 5-year survival among the patients with radical surgery was 41% and was independent of the type of surgery. Median age was significantly lower in the patients with early-stage cancer than in the series as a whole. The numbers of younger patients increased during the last ten years of the study.

Age Factors↗