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Biomedical subjects

J Nieder

Publications and source records attributed to J Nieder.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Identification and biochemical characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana sulfite oxidase. A new player in plant sulfur metabolism.

In mammals and birds, sulfite oxidase (SO) is a homodimeric molybdenum enzyme consisting of an N-terminal heme domain and a C-terminal molybdenum domain (EC ). In plants, the existence of SO has not yet been demonstrated, while sulfite reductase as part of sulfur assimilation is well characterized. Here we report the cloning of a plant sulfite oxidase gene from Arabidopsis thaliana and the biochemical characterization of the encoded protein (At-SO). At-SO is a molybdenum enzyme with molybdopterin as an organic component of the molybdenum cofactor. In contrast to homologous animal enzymes, At-SO lacks the heme domain, which is evident both from the amino acid sequence and from its enzymological and spectral properties. Thus, among eukaryotes, At-SO is the only molybdenum enzyme yet described possessing no redox-active centers other than the molybdenum. UV-visible and EPR spectra as well as apparent K(m) values are presented and compared with the hepatic enzyme. Subcellular analysis of crude cell extracts showed that SO was mostly found in the peroxisomal fraction. In molybdenum cofactor mutants, the activity of SO was strongly reduced. Using antibodies directed against At-SO, we show that a cross-reacting protein of similar size occurs in a wide range of plant species, including both herbacious and woody plants.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

A study of fetal macrosomia.

We describe the maternal characteristics in pregnancy with fetal macrosomia, fetal and maternal complications related to macrosomia, and the risk of impaired glucose tolerance. The study is based on a comparison of maternal and neonatal data in 956 cases of fetal macrosomia (birthweight > or =4000 g) in non-diabetic pregnancy with data in a control group of 6407 mothers with non-macrosomic infants (birthweight 3000-3999 g). The main factors investigated were maternal age, weight, parity, gestosis rate, maternal and fetal birth injuries, maternal oral glucose tolerance test results and umbilical blood insulin levels. Macrosomic infants occurred in 9.1% of all deliveries. Mothers delivering macrosomic infants were significantly older, of higher parity and of greater weight than mothers of the control group. Fetal macrosomia was associated with a higher frequency of gestosis, operative deliveries, birth injuries and postpartum haemorrhages. 26.2% of the mothers had abnormal of oGTT results. The macrosomic infants were more often male and had a significantly higher risk of shoulder dystocia and birth injuries. No essential differences could be observed in the Apgar-scores and umbilical artery pH values. 34% of macrosomic infants had higher insulin levels in umbilical blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Laser use in the uterine cervix. CO2 or KTP laser].

86 patients with cervical neoplasia were treated by conization. The KTP/532-laser was used in 52 cases (group 1) and the conization was performed with a carbon dioxide laser in 34 other cases (group 2). The operation took approximately 30.5 min in the KTP group and 13.5 min in the carbon dioxide group. Complications occurred in 2 cases of the KTP-laser treated patients. In group 2 no complication were observed. The time of hospitalisation was 5 days. The thermal damage of the cut-edge came up to 1 mm (group 1) and 0.1 mm (group 2), respectively. In 4 cases the histological examination was negatively effected by the heat of the KTP laser. In group 2 no affects were observed. The advantage of the KTP-laser is its styptic effect whereas the CO2-laser is better for an histological examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Pre- and postadmission treatment--possible applications for psychiatry].

German Health Legislation has recently issued regulations for cuts in health expenditure. One of the new proposed services is pre- and post in-patient treatment services. Hitherto their realization has mainly been seen in somatic disciplines, mainly surgery. The author shows that psychiatry will gain more efficiency and quality of psychiatric care through implementation of these services. The threefold spectrum of psychiatric treatment facilities (in-patient, out-patient, day-treatment) will thus be upgraded into a five-dimensional treatment. It is shown, that most of these new treatment facilities have been lain dormant in day-to-day psychiatric practice, the new legislation helps the psychiatric profession to set them in motion. Examples for possible use are given.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1995

Effects of trapidil on the PGI2 and TXA2 synthesis in human umbilical veins perfused in vitro.

Current therapeutical concepts for prophylactic treatment of preeclampsia are based on the hypothesis that this pathological state is mainly due to a functional imbalance between vascular prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) biosynthesis. The influence of Trapidil on PGI2 and TXA2 formation was studied by in vitro perfusion of human umbilical veins by measuring the production of the metabolites 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2, respectively, in the perfusates using Enzyme-Immunoassay. The basal production of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was 90.6 pg/mL/cm of vessel wall, whereas TXB2 formation attained a rate of 7.5 pg/mL/cm. The addition of Trapidil to the perfusate resulted in a significant stimulation of PGI2 production but apparently does not exhibit any effect on TXB2 generation. These data support the suggestion that Trapidil may act by increasing the ratio of PGI2/TXA2 in favor of the antiaggregatory/vasodilatory PGI2.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of trapidil in prevention of pre-eclampsia and fetal retardation].

Pre-eclampsia is suggested to be characterized by a functional imbalance between vascular prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 production. On the basis of this hypothesis it is attempted to correct this pathologic conditions by pharmacological manipulation with Trapidil, a triazolo pyrimidin derivative, because of its effects on the prostanoid metabolism. A prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out to investigate Trapidil in the prevention of pregnancy-induced hypertension or pre-eclampsia. A total of 160 pregnant women with the risk to develop pre-eclampsia received Trapidil or placebo between week 24 and 38 of gestation. The number of patients in whom pregnancy-induced hypertension or pre-eclampsia developed was significantly lower in the Trapidil-treated (5.5%) compared with the placebo-treated group (14.1%). Additionally, a reduced risk of preterm deliveries and severe fetal growth retardation could be observed. In 7 patients with manifest pre-eclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension the circulating eicosanoid concentrations were determined before and during Trapidil medication. Trapidil was associated with an about twofold increase of 6-keto PGF1 alpha concentration in the peripheral venous blood, while the concentration of thromboxane A2 revealed no changes.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1989

[Magnesium--a new therapeutic alternative in primary dysmenorrhea].

50 patients suffering from primary dysmenorrhoea were treated with Magnesium (Mg 5-longoral, Artesan GmbH) in a double-blind study. After a six-month period 21 out of 25 women showed a decline of symptoms, only 4 ones reported no therapeutical effect. For monitoring treatment results prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was measured every second month. On Mg-therapy conditions we achieved a reduction of PGF2 alpha in menstrual blood to 45% of value before treatment started. As against that 90% of basic concentration were estimated from women who received a placebo. Probably, the specific therapeutical effect of Mg based on inhibition of biosynthesis of PGF2 alpha but also on its direct muscle relaxant and vasodilatory effect. Beside the PG-synthesis and ovulation inhibitors the use of Magnesium is a potential, natural opportunity to treat primary dysmenorrhoea, which is widely free of side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix in patients using hormonal contraceptives].

Among 360 patients with cervical cancer af stage I b to IV 26 (7.2%) primary adenocarcinomas were observed. 51 patients stated to use hormonal contraceptives. In this group the frequency of adenocarcinomas run to 19.6% (10 women) contrary to 7.8% in patients of the same age non using contraceptives. Morphological and clinical particularities of the adenocarcinoma in pill users are discussed. The early detection of the predominantly intracervically localized adenocarcinomas can only be improved by careful colposcopy combined with obligatory ecto- and endocervical cytological swabs and palpation of the cervix. Atypical bleedings in women using longterm hormonal contraceptives particularly of the gestagen prevailing type need special attention.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 in the amniotic fluid and peripheral venous blood in healthy pregnant patients and in pregnant patients with pre-eclampsia].

In order to characterize the prostacyclin and thromboxane system during gestosis the stable degradation products 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PG F1 alpha) and thromboxane B2 (TX B2) have been determined by radioimmunoassay in amniotic fluid and maternal venous plasma from 16 normotensive pregnant women and 14 patients with preeclampsia. At preeclampsia as well in amniotic fluid as in plasma a tendency towards lowered levels of 6-keto-PG F1 alpha and at the same time increased levels of TX B2 may be visualized. In the plasma generally significant higher levels of both 6-keto-PG F1 alpha and TX B2 than in amniotic fluid have been established. The imbalance between anti-aggregatory and vasodilatatory prostacyclin and proaggregatory and vasoconstrictory thromboxane in preeclampsia is indicated by an increase of the ratio TX B2/6-keto-PG F1 alpha from 1.38 to 2.44 in amniotic fluid and from 1.88 to 2.81 in plasma.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1987

[Initial clinical experience using an interdisciplinary management concept for pregnant patients with liver damage].

Among 6,404 deliveries in 49 cases (0.8%) a liver disease was diagnosed in the course of pregnancy. The onset of the disease happened exclusively in the last trimester of pregnancy. In 36 pregnant women a hyperbilirubinaemia of diagnostic value was stated. As an informing diagnostic procedure the only determination of the alanine-aminotransferase activity has been proved to be sufficient. In every fifth pregnant woman the liver disease was observed in connection with a preeclampsia. The preterm delivery rate was 16.3%. An intrauterine growth retardation was found in 22.4% of women with hepatopathy during pregnancy. In 5 out of 34 patients asked for a post partum control a manifestation of the liver disease, respectively a cholecystopathia, was present and follow-ups were necessary. An interdisciplinary concept of treatment is emphasized to treat these pregnant women in cooperation with the specialist of internal medicine. Methodically an additional sheet of documentation is used, which contains important data of patients history and all obstetrical, clinical and laboratory results accompanying the pregnant woman during pregnancy and post partum controls.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

Prostaglandin E and F profiles in human fallopian tubes during different phases of the menstrual cycle.

Prostaglandin (PG)E and F equivalents have been determined in fallopian tubes from 26 women by radioimmunoassays following appropriate extraction and separation procedures. Both PGE and F equivalents at ranges between 5 and 100 ng/g wet weight exhibit profiles of increasing concentrations along the oviduct with low contents at the uterotubal junction and maximal levels in the fimbrial region. During the luteal phase of the cycle about 2-fold higher levels of PGE and F equivalents were detected than during the follicular phase in both the ampullary and isthmic portion of the oviduct. A general decline of PG levels was observed in tissues from patients at the perimenopause. The distribution of PGs within the oviduct is compatible with a preferential localization in its mucosal part, which may represent the main target for a progesterone-mediated stimulation of PG production during the luteal phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Prostaglandin E and F content of the amniotic fluid in various stages of beginning labor].

Levels of prostaglandin (PG) E- and F-equivalents determined radio-immunologically in amniotic fluid from women with uncomplicated pregnancies at term were related to the cervical state and the onset of regular labour. The lowest levels of both PG E- and F-equivalents with about 400 pg/ml were measured in the group with an immature cervix. An about twofold increase of both PG's appears characteristic for the cervical ripening, whereas the readiness for the initiation of regular uterine contractions is apparently indicated by further raises of PG F2 alpha. At the beginning of parturition distinct elevations can be registered for both PG's with a dominance of PG F. From their dynamics in amniotic fluid conclusions about different functions of PG's during the period preceding labour can be drawn.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1986

[Course of pregnancy and labor following treatment of sterility].

Based on the pregnancy and delivery courses of 374 women having sterility histories, special features of the risk factor "state after sterility treatment" have been pointed out. A comparison with 2,474 primarily fertile women shows that the risk group is affected with the more frequent occurrence of impending abortion, gestosis and multiple pregnancy. 21.4% of pregnancies of previously sterile women had to be operatively terminated, while this figure in the control group was only 5.4%. Perinatal findings in the risk group showed a three-times higher rate of premature births, a more frequent occurrence of intra-uterine retardation and higher perinatal mortality. Gravidae after sterility treatment represent an inhomogeneous group of patients, individual care schemes are required for each patient.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1984

[Residential communities for the elderly--a concept of a rehabilitative gerontopsychiatry].

The concept of a rehabilitative gerontopsychiatry is presented by describing an example of a flat-sharing community for elderly people in contrast to the conventional kind of help afforded in old people's homes. The practical setup and realisation of residential communities for the elderly are described. The focal point of chiefly rehabilitative gerontopsychiatry is seen in the maximum possible preservation of abilities and capacities which can help to overcome the disabilities--which, of course, must be carefully diagnosed beforehand.

Aged↗