Biomedical subjects

J Neufeld

Publications and source records attributed to J Neufeld.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

Membrane-interactive phospholipids inhibit HIV type 1-induced cell fusion and surface gp160/gp120 binding to monoclonal antibody.

Membrane-interactive phospholipids (PLs), previously evaluated for activity against HIV-1 in vitro, are known to affect late steps in viral replication. Studies were done to determine the effects of PL analogs on post-translational processing of HIV-1 proteins, binding of viral surface gp160/gp120 to CD4 receptor, and HIV-1-induced cell fusion. Results of this investigation indicated that PL alone (1-octadecanamido-2-ethoxypropyl-rac-3-phosphocholine, CP-51) and PL-AZT conjugate (1-octadecanamido-2-ethoxypropyl-rac-3-phospho-3'- azido-3'-deoxythymidine, CP-92) have no effect on HIV-1-induced syntheses or processing of gp160/gp120, pr51, p24, or p17 (including myristoylation) in infected cells. Progeny HIV-1 particles made in CP-92-treated H9IIIB cells contained gp120, pr51, and p24; however, these virus particles had reduced capacity to bind to CD4+ cells. Both CP-51 and CP-92 inhibited syncytium (cell fusion) formation between treated HIV-1-infected cells and uninfected CD4+ cells, and, they reduced HIV-1 gp160/gp120 binding to CD4+ cells and monoclonal antibody. These results suggest that anti-HIV-1 activity of PL compounds involves alteration of cell surface membranes and viral envelopes. Phospholipid compounds are a novel class of membrane interactive compounds with potential use in blocking the spread of HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis in AIDS.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1991

Visual control of locomotion: strategies for changing direction and for going over obstacles.

Dynamics of gait adjustments required to go over obstacles and to alter direction of locomotion when cued visually were assessed through the measurement of ground reaction forces, muscle activity, and kinematics. The time of appearance of obstacles of varying heights, their position within the step cycle, and cue lights for direction change were varied. Direction change must be planned in the previous step to reduce the acceleration of the body center of mass toward the landing foot to 0. The inability of steering within the step cycle is due to the incapacity of muscles to rotate the body and translate it along the mediolateral axes. For obstacle avoidance, Ss systematically manipulated the gait patterns as a function of obstacle height and position and the time available within the ongoing step. Greater supraspinal involvement in control of locomotion is found.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Liver lead burden in hunter-killed ducks from the Coeur d'Alene River Valley of northern Idaho.

Liver lead burden was evaluated in ducks from an area in northern Idaho contaminated with mining waste and lead shot. Hunter-killed ducks with lead shot in their gizzard had a mean liver lead concentration of 15.18 +/- 2.51 micrograms/g wet-weight (N = 23) and ducks without lead shot had a mean liver lead concentration of 4.21 +/- 0.47 micrograms/g wet-weight (N = 85). The most hazardous source of lead for waterfowl in this area has been thought to be mining waste-contaminated soils and sediments. Three sediment samples had a mean concentration of 4,520 micrograms lead/g wet-weight.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

The prophylactic use of Keflex and Keflin in vaginal hysterectomy.

Although the number of severe infections occurring after vaginal hysterectomy are few,they sometimes result in the death of a patient or a protracted hospital course. A prospective double-blind study, using Keflex and Keflin in theraputic doses,was undertaken to elucidate more clearly the effect upon morbidity in vaginal hysterectomy. Cultures were taken form a catheterized urine specimen and the cervix of all patients before surgery. Cultures were repeated on the fourth postoperative day. Morbidity was defined as an oral temperature of 100.6 degrees F. on two separate occasions, 4hours apart in the postoperative period. Of the 60 patients studied thus far, 43.3 percent of the 30 placebo patients exceeded these febrile limits and were determined as thosewith infectious morbidity. Only 13.3 of the 30 patients who received the prophalatic drug showed this morbidity.

Adult↗

PubMed1974