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Biomedical subjects

J N Wiig

Publications and source records attributed to J N Wiig.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Splenic injury--a prospective multicentre diagnostic study.

One hundred and forty-seven patients with splenic injury were entered in a prospective multicentre study including 18 hospitals. The diagnosis was made by scintigraphy in 55 patients, ultrasonography in 51 and computed axial tomography in 31. Exploratory laparotomy was performed in 52 patients, in 23 of these after a positive peritoneal lavage. Splenic injury was found in 33 per cent of the ultrasound examinations, indicated in another 20 per cent and not indicated in 16 per cent. In 31 per cent increased intraperitoneal effusion was the only finding. There was a tendency towards an underestimation of the injury by ultrasonography. Peritoneal lavage was positive in all examinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Balloon dilation of rectal strictures.

Twelve strictures subsequent to colorectal (11) or ileorectal (1) anastomosis were treated with balloon dilation. Six of the anastomoses were located within 10 cm from the anal verge. The stricture diameter was 3-12 mm. The time from operation to finding of stricture was 6 +/- 4 (range 2-17) months and the post-dilation observation time was 9 +/- 7 (1-24) months. Relief of symptoms was obtained in ten patients, in six of them after only one dilation. Treatment is being continued in one of the other two cases, and one was classified as failure after five dilation attempts. Most dilations were performed in the out-patient department under light sedation. There were no complications. Balloon dilation of rectal stricture is well tolerated as an out-patient procedure. It is safe and can give a satisfactory result in most cases of benign stricture.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in patients with biliary tract disease.

After administration of ceftazidime as a 1 g i.v. bolus injection, its concentration was measured by HPLC at frequent intervals in serum, bile and tissue from different parts of the biliary tract in 32 patients undergoing operation for biliary tract disease. In bile from the functioning gallbladder and common bile duct, a high concentration of ceftazidime was found, mean 18.5 and 26.6 mg/l, respectively. In bile from the non-functioning gallbladder, a very low concentration was found (less than 1.5 mg/l). Ceftazidime in the gallbladder wall varied considerably with the type and degree of inflammation judged histologically; the mean level was 21.3 mg/kg. The elimination half-life of ceftazidime was 1.74 h, apparent volume of distribution 20.01 and total plasma clearance 133 ml/min. In bile from T-tube specimens a high concentration was found, the mean peak values being 27.2 mg/l. However, biliary excretion of the drug was low at less than 0.5% of the administered dose. These concentrations of ceftazidime were sufficient to inhibit the in-vitro growth of pathogens, namely the Enterobacteriaecae commonly responsible for biliary tract infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism by aspirin, warfarin and heparin in patients with hip fracture. A prospective clinical study with cost-benefit analysis.

Seven hundred and thirty-four patients were included in a prospective study for incidence of clinical venous thromboembolism under prophylaxis with either heparin, aspirin or warfarin and for the expenditure of hospital resources. Thromboembolic complications were more frequent (P less than 0.02) and hospital costs clearly higher in the low-dose heparin treated patient group compared with the aspirin and warfarin groups. There were no distinct differences between aspirin and warfarin treated patients neither in results nor in costs. However, carefully monitored treatment with warfarin with Thrombotest always less than 0.20, appeared to be the most effective prophylaxis in patients with hip fractures. In conclusion we now use aspirin as general prophylaxis in orthopaedic patients, and warfarin in patients with established risk of thromboembolic complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Infertility as a complication of perforated appendicitis. Late follow-up of a clinical series.

In a retrospective study the frequency of infertility was estimated in women operated for perforated or non-perforated appendicitis before the age of 25. Of the 48 patients with simple perforation 19% were infertile, while this frequency was 31% in 16 patients with Douglas abscess. In the control group of 58 patients 12% could not have children. It is concluded that it is unlikely that appendicitis with perforation will cause infertility unless there is a Douglas abscess.

Abscess↗
PubMed1976

The effect of anti-lymphocyte serum, mitogens and enzymatic treatment on the agglutination and surface charge of lymphoid cells.

Agglutination of thymocytes and B-cells with anti-lymphocyte serum subsequent to treatment of the cells with trypsin or neuraminidase was slightly and similarly increased, independent of the effect on the surface charge shown previously. The enzymatic treatment did not increase capping of antiserum binding sites. Agglutination caused by binding of IgG antibodies of anti-lymphocyte serum was not accompanied by change in the net surface charge. Neither did binding of the mitogens phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A or poke-weed mitogen influence the surface charge of the cells.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1976

Surface structures influencing the migration in vivo ecotaxis of murine thymocytes, T- and B-cells.

The effect of protease and neuraminidase treatment on the ecotaxis of radioactively labelled thymocytes, T- and B-cells was studied by scintillation counting and autoradiography. Each enzyme had a similar effect on all cell types. Both protease and neuraminidase treatment strongly reduced the migration to the lymph nodes while the distribution to the spleen was more profoundly reduced by neuraminidase than by protease. In contrast, a similar and less pronounced effect of the enzymatic treatments on the circulation to the Peyers patches was found. The possible structure of the surface "receptors" involved is discussed in view of the known effects of these enzymes on the cell membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Electrophoresis of lymphoid cells. A study of Bruton type of agammaglobulinaemia, thymic dysplasia, chronic lymphatic leukaemia and of normal human thymocytes.

The mean electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of blood lymphocytes from a patient with Bruton type of agammaglobulinaemia was high with a unimodal distribution pattern. That of blood lymphocytes from a patient with severe thymic dysplasia was low, with a small faster group. The difference between the major groups was about 30%. Thymocytes had a mean EPM 25% lower than that of normal T cells. Blood and spleen cells in a chronic lymphatic leukaemic of B-cell origin had a mean EPM 35% higher than that of the majority of normal B cells.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1975

Electrophoresis of lymphoid cells. Differences in the cell membrane structure of murine thymocytes, T and B cells revealed by enzyme and formalin treatment.

Low concentrations of protease and trypsin reduced the electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of thymocytes; with higher concentrations it was normal or above. Differences in membrane structure of thymocytes, T and B cells was found as B cells showed no reduction while T cells gave intermediate values. Further the reduction was greater with protease than with trypsin. Formalin fixation increased the EPM of all normal cell types to a similar degree. The EPM of proteolytically treated thymocytes and B cells was increased to a similar level and to a greater degree than neuraminidase-treated thymocytes. Small amounts of sialic acid were detected in the supernatant after proteolytic treatment of thymocytes. Protease reduced the binding of anti-lymphocyte serum, while no definite effect was obtained with trypsin. Neither sublytic doses of phospholipase C nor ribonuclease appeared to change the EPM.

Animals↗