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Biomedical subjects

J N Mehrishi

Publications and source records attributed to J N Mehrishi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Examination of the value of treatment of decompensated viral hepatitis patients by intentionally coinfecting them with an apathogenic IBDV and using the lessons learnt to seriously consider treating patients infected with HIV using the apathogenic hepatitis G virus.

Hepatitis virus infection persistent worldwide (approximately 600 m people) results in chronic hepatitis progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in many (approximately 1 m deaths/year). The review examines the usefulness of treating chronic viral hepatitis, including decompensated patients, by intentional coinfection with an attenuated infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV; apathogenic in man, stable at pH 2, orally administered). Learning lessons from the IBDV studies, the case is made to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients (worldwide prevalence approximately 50 m people) by coinfecting with apathogenic hepatitis G virus (GBV-C). These ideas are reinforced by (i) eight out of ten studies reporting a beneficial effect of GBV-C viremia on HIV-related mortality or response to therapy and (ii) the recent reports of improved or delayed survival of HIV patients, naturally coinfected with an apathogenic virus.

GB virus C↗
PubMed1983

Opiate receptors on lymphocytes and platelets in man.

Receptors for opiates, opiate-like substances, and their antagonists, such as naloxone (a close chemical and conformational congener of morphine), on brain cell homogenates and neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid cells in tissue culture have been reported. The present study on the binding of [3H]naloxone to lymphocytes and platelets freshly isolated from the peripheral blood of 39 healthy adult human volunteers showed that (1) [3H]naloxone bound to lymphocytes and platelets at 4 degrees C, reaching equilibrium in 30 min, and was not removed by washing (three times) with the suspending medium; (2) the binding of [3H]naloxone to cells decreased in the presence of increasing amounts of unlabeled naloxone, approaching a plateau; (3) significant amounts of the radioligand remained bound in the presence of micromolar quantities of the unlabeled ligand; and (4) in the absence of Na+ ions, 1 to 10 nmol of morphine hydrochloride for 10(6) lymphocytes, and 1 to 25 nmol of morphine hydrochloride for 10(8) platelets, decreased the binding of [3H]naloxone by 43 to 57%. It is concluded that at least some of the [3H]naloxone binding sites on human lymphocytes and platelets are specific opioid receptor sites of the mu type (Enkephalins define the delta sites.) The observations on the binding of naloxone to cells do not appear to be artifacts. Opioid receptor sites on lymphocyte and platelet membranes may have properties similar to those on nerve cell membranes.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Lymphocyte thyroid hormone receptors in obesity.

Triiodothyronine (T3)-receptor characteristics of isolated circulating human mononuclear cells have been studied in a group of obese patients who claimed to be unable to lose weight on conventional 4.2 MJ (1000 kcal) diets. The cells of the obese patients exhibited a lower receptor capacity than those of a control group of non-obese subjects but the difference was not significant. There was a significant fall (P less than 0.01) in receptor capacity in the obese patients after 12 weeks in a 1.34 MJ (320 kcal) per d formula diet and this provides a further mechanism whereby a fall in metabolic rate takes place in response to severe dietary restriction. Some patients who also received T3 (60 micrograms/d) in addition to the formula diet showed a further fall in the receptor numbers. These findings may partly account for the previously reported resistance to thyroid hormones in obesity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The role of T3 and its receptor in efficient metabolisers receiving very-low-calorie diets.

Obese patients taking a 1.34 MJ/day formula diet showed a steady decline in the rate of weight loss after several weeks and this was associated with a fall in RMR, serum T3 levels and the number of T3 receptors on peripheral lymphocytes. The addition of T3 (60 micrograms/day) to the dietary regime produced a significantly greater weight loss by the 12th week. Analysis of individual thyroid hormone levels revealed those patients taking the T3 tablets who achieved the greatest weight loss had the lowest serum T3 levels but the greatest suppression of serum T4 values. The serum T3 levels in the T3 treated subjects were negatively correlated with the lymphocyte rece 12th week. Analysis of individual thyroid hormone levels revealed those patients taking the T3 tablets who achieved the greatest weight loss had the lowest serum T3 levels but the greatest suppression of serum T4 values. The serum T3 levels in the T3 treated subjects were negatively correlated with the lymphocyte rece 12th week. Analysis of individual thyroid hormone levels revealed those patients taking the T3 tablets who achieved the greatest weight loss had the lowest serum T3 levels but the greatest suppression of serum T4 values. The serum T3 levels in the T3 treated subjects were negatively correlated with the lymphocyte receptor capacity. It is postulated that the fall in the number of T3 receptors is the primary event leading to the observed serum hormone level changes in the T3-treated patients.

Diet, Reducing↗
PubMed1979

Age-dependent changes in the electrophoretic mobilities of human blood lymphocytes.

The distribution of the anodic electrophoretic mobilities (EPM) of human peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined for lymphocytes isolated from umbilical cord blood and from blood of individuals 6 months to 93 years of age. The distribution was bimodal in infants up to 2 years of age and suggested a small percentage of cells with a mobility of 0.95 micrometer s-1 V-1 cm. this value was chosen to discriminate between low-mobility cells (LMCs) and high-mobility cells (HMCs). The relative percentage of LMCs increased from birth to 2 years and two types of LMCs could be distinguished. The distribution was unimodal and asymmetric in children and adults and nearly Gaussian in aged people. Substantial differences between the distributions of the lymphocyte EPMs were seen on comparison of the histograms for individuals of similar ages. The analysis of the distribution of the lymphocyte EPMs on cell suspensions enriched in, or depleted of T or B cells confirmed the mobility of most T cells to be higher than the mobility of most B cells, whatever the age of the individual. The distribution of lymphocyte EPMs determined in the same adult over a 6 year period showed minor variations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

T and B lymphocytes: striking differences in surface membranes.

Lymphocytes can be separated by electrophoresis into cells of high and of low electrophoretic mobility. Cells of high mobility are T cells and those of low mobility are B cells, with distinct immunological functions. Biophysical and biochemical studies on physically isolated and immunologically defined T and B cells in CBA mice showed striking differences in the chemical composition of the surface membranes.

Animals↗