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Biomedical subjects

J N Lin

Publications and source records attributed to J N Lin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Biliary sludge-cast formation following liver transplantation.

The development of biliary sludge, in the absence of anastomotic obstruction in the common bile duct, has become a very rare complication following orthotopic liver transplantation since the adoption of modern techniques of biliary reconstruction and routine biliary flushing before cold preservation. We describe the successful treatment of this serious complication in an 18-year-old woman whose biliary sludge aggregated into firm casts occupying the extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts causing obstruction and cholangitis necessitating operative intervention followed by interventional radiological approaches to treat the intrahepatic bile duct strictures. Postoperative choledochofiberscopy was also used to remove the retained biliary casts. The pathogenesis of biliary sludge appeared to be multifactorial, but cold ischemic damage to the bile duct wall seemed to play an important role in this case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Mesonephroid blastoma. A previously undescribed renal tumor of childhood.

We describe a renal tumor arising in a 4 1/2-year-old boy and characterized by the formation of epithelial tubules in a primitive mesenchymal stroma. We call attention to certain unique structural features of this tumor, which set it apart from Wilms' tumor. The tissue components regularly observed in Wilms' tumor were absent from the primary neoplasm despite exhaustive search, suggesting that this case should be considered distinct from nephroblastoma. However, a metastasis appeared that was formed entirely by undifferentiated nephrogenic cells. Based on structural appearance, histogenesis from mesonephros is tentatively proposed. No precedent was found in the literature of a tumor of this description.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of parenteral nutrition in preventing malnutrition and decreasing bacterial translocation to liver in obstructive jaundice.

Surgery in patients with obstructive jaundice is associated with significant infectious complications probably due to impaired immune function and malnutrition. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) may alleviate malnutrition but may also promote bacterial translocation (BT) from the gut. To elucidate if TPN can prevent malnutrition without promotion of BT in obstructive jaundice, 40 dogs underwent laparotomy for tissue sampling and placement of a central venous line and were allocated into one of four groups: I (PO-control) received dog chow and water ad libitum; II (PO-CBDL) underwent ligation of common bile duct (CBDL) and was fed dog chow; III (TPN-control) received TPN; and IV (TPN-CBDL) underwent CBDL and received TPN. Body weight, blood samples for liver function tests and bacterial culture, and tissues from liver and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) for quantitative bacterial culture and for histology were obtained prior to and 2 weeks after the experiment. The incidence of BT to MLN was 40% in the PO-CBDL and TPN-CBDL animals, which was significantly different from the other two groups (0%; p < 0.05). The incidence of BT to liver was 70% (7/10) in the PO-CBDL animals, which was significantly higher than that in groups I, III, and IV (0%, 20%, 20%, respectively) (p < 0.05). The PO-CBDL animals showed a significant decrease in body weight and prealbumin compatible with malnutrition, whereas the TPN-CBDL animals showed a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase and a consistent cholestasis on histology. The data suggest that TPN can prevent jaundice-associated malnutrition and decrease BT to liver but should be administered cautiously because it may precipitate cholestasis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemical modification of surface active poly(ethylene oxide)-poly (propylene oxide) triblock copolymers.

A general route has been developed to chemically modify a series of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) triblock copolymers with molecular weights from 6500 to 14600. It is initiated by the introduction of p-nitrophenyl groups; such nitrophenyl conjugated copolymers are stable in an organic milieu and in a dry state but are seen to react easily with amino-containing molecules including small peptides. Among them, introduction of 2-pyridyl disulfide groups after coupling with 2-(2-pyridyldithio)ethylamine enables the selective attachment of thiol-containing molecules. The released thiopyridone in such thiol-disulfide reactions can be used to quantify the content of 2-pyridyl disulfide groups. In addition, a new type of modified copolymers was developed for the radioisotope (125I) labeling purpose that consists of a reaction of nitrophenyl conjugated copolymers with hydrazine and a subsequent coupling with N-succinimidyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate (Bolton-Hunter reagent). Adsorption studies of 125I-labeled and 2-pyridyl disulfide conjugated copolymers on polystyrene particles are consistent with previous determinations of surface coverage using other technologies, in turn indicating that this new chemical modification does not alter their surfactant properties on hydrophobic solid phase. The coating of common hydrophobic surfaces with 2-pyridyl disulfide conjugated copolymers has been demonstrated as a general and robust immobilization method to generate a high-sensitivity bioactive surface with low nonspecific binding. The optimal space between immobilized ligands can also be controlled by incubating the solid phase with solutions containing mixtures with different ratios of unmodified and modified copolymers.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary testicular tumors in children.

Twenty-six primary testicular tumors in children (less than 15 years old) seen within a period of nine years (1978-1986) were analyzed. Of these, 16 (61.5%) were benign mature or immature teratomas and ten (38.5%) malignant. This is obviously different from most of the western series in which a 75-80% rate of malignancy has usually been reported. Sixteen benign testicular tumors, which were either mature or immature teratomas, showed no evidence of tumor one to nine years after high inguinal orchiectomy. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were available in 14 of these patients and all of them were below 50 ng/ml. In the ten malignant tumors, eight were yolk sac tumors and two embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas. High inguinal orchiectomy only was performed for stage I disease with sequential monitoring of AFP level for two years. For stage II or III tumors, chemotherapy and/or irradiation were added in the treatment regimen. Retroperitoneal node dissections were not performed in this series. Eight out of these ten cases were alive without evidence of disease after one to seven years, one expired for an unknown cause and one was lost to follow-up. We advocate this conservative approach to childhood testicular tumors which have a better outcome than adult tumors.

Adolescent↗