Transoesophageal echocardiography: a useful tool to diagnose entrapment of pulmonary artery catheter.
Placement of a pulmonary artery catheter during cardiac surgery is associated with various complications, one of which is entrapment. On the day following surgery unusual resistance was encountered while attempting to remove a pulmonary artery catheter from a patient who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting. Entrapment of the catheter was confirmed by transoesophageal echocardiography, which demonstrated invagination of the free wall of the pulmonary trunk on gentle traction on the pulmonary artery catheter. Surgical exploration revealed that the catheter was transfixed by the suture used to close the pulmonary artery vent site. Surgical re-exploration and other potential complications related to catheter retrieval can be avoided if catheter entrapment is diagnosed intra-operatively. We suggest that a high index of clinical suspicion along with the use of intra-operative transoesophageal echocardiography is considered in situations where catheter entrapment is a possibility.