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Biomedical subjects

J Morin

Publications and source records attributed to J Morin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Surgically induced acute hepatic failure in the rat.

Several surgical procedures were tested in the rat in order to create a spontaneously lethal but potentially reversible acute hepatic failure. Two combined surgical procedures fulfill these conditions: '75% hepatectomy' plus portacaval shunt and '85% hepatectomy' plus 30-min clamping of the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries. These two procedures should constitute useful tools for the evaluation of new methods of hepatic support.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Anatomic incidence of meniscochondrocalcinosis of the knee].

The authors have studied the incidence of menisco-calcinosis (MC) and that of menisco-chondrocalcinosis (MCC) of knee joints of 108 non selected cadavera. The mean age of the subjects was 71.8 +/- 13.8 years. The study was performed by radiographic examination of the menisci and cartilagineous fragments of femoral condyles using high contrast films. The incidence of MC or MCC was found to be 18.5 per cent. It was slightly higher in females (21.5 p. cent) than in males (15.8 p. cent) subjects but this difference failed to reach the level of statistical significance. No positive case was detected before the age of 60 years. For the age groups of: 60-69, 70-79, 80-89 and over 90 years, its incidence was: 11.7; 26.9; 21.2 and 50 (4 subjects out of 8) per cent respectively. Approximately 40 per cent of all positive cases had meniscocalcinosis without associated chondrocalcinosis. No single case of chondrocalcinosis without meniscocalcinosis was observed. Six out of 8 cases with MC calcinosis and 2 out of 12 cases with MCC were unilateral. The external menisci were more frequently and more heavily affected than internal ones. Eighty per cent of the knees affected by either MC or MCC were at the same time associated to an osteoarthrotic lesion compared to 35 p. cent of the knees without MC or MCC matched for age: a result which appeared to be highly significant difference.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Thymidylate synthetase activity and fluorouracil sensitivity of human colonic cancer and normal mucosal tissue preparations.

This study compares thymidylate synthetase activity and certain aspects of fluorinated pyrimidine metabolism in tissue preparations derived from human colonic adenocarcinoma and from normal colonic mucosa. The purpose was to define differences that might be sufficient to explain the selective antitumor response of some colonic adenocarcinomas to 5-fluorouracil (FU) chemotherapy. Some carcinomas had much greater thymidylate synthetase activity than did other carcinomas and all normal mucosal preparations. Such carcinomas may be highly reliant on thymidylate synthetase and hence susceptible to its inhibition. Similarly, the smaller amount of FdUMP dephosphorylation found in all carcinomas compared with autologous normal mucosal preparations might result in prolonged thymidylate synthetase inhibition. In addition, greater thymidylate synthetase inhibition was produced by 1 X 10(-4) M FU in an occasional tumor than was found in normal mucosal preparations.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Enhancement of Aflatoxin B1 induced liver carcinogenesis by portal diversion in the rat.

Conflicting results have been reported on the influence of portacaval anastomosis on liver carcinogenesis. The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of portal diversion on liver carcinogenesis induced in the rat by a potent chemical liver carcinogen, Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Liver tumors appeared earlier and were significantly bigger in rats with shunts than in sham-operated controls. Portal diversion also induced in rats fed AFB1 a splenic atrophy with nearly complete disappearance of Malpighian corpuscles suggesting a profound immunodepression. This might be responsible for the enhancement of liver cancer by portacaval anastomosis in the rats fed AFB1. Thus, the influence of portal diversion on liver cancers appears to be multifactorial.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1980

Comparison between two chromogenic substrates for revealing an immunoperoxidase reaction of human metaphase chromosomes.

To study the binding of an antiadenosine serum to human chromosome DNA, two types of chromogenic reagents were compared. The procedure is as follows: lymphocytes with metaphase chromosomes were spread on slides; some slides were irradiated by UV; all slides were then incubated with antiadenosine rabbit serum and then with antirabbit sheep serum labelled with peroxidase; the latter was revealed in the classical manner by 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB), or, alternatively, by p-phenylenediamine plus pyrocatechol (PPD-PC). The present study shows that the results obtained with PPD-PC were equivalent, if not superior, to those obtained with DAB. In the case of weaker reactions, results with PPD-PC were superior. Furthermore, this reagent has the major advantage of being noncarcinogenic.

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine↗
PubMed1979

[Action of erucic and palmitic acids on rat cardiac myoblasts in primary cell culture. An ultrastructural study (author's transl)].

Primary cultures of beating myocardial cells of neonatal rat are taken in order to observe the ultrastructural modifications caused by certain long chain fatty acids (erucic acid C22 : 1 and palmitic acid C16 : 0). Reference cultures are established and observed at the same time as the others. The eurcic acid create an intense steatosis, on the opposite palmitic acid does not. On the contrary the transormations of certain cellular organites such as mitochondria, dictyosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes are observed in both cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Immunocytochemical labeling of human chromosomes by antibodies from human autoimmune serum].

Mitotic human chromosomes are successively irradiated by ultraviolet, incubated with serum from a patient showing systemic lupus erythematosus (S.L.E.), and antihuman Sheep serum conjugated with peroxidase. After revelation by diaminobenzidine (DAB) banding patterns are pointed out. The chromosome labelling is discussed in comparison with results obtained in other immunocytochemical experiments.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1977

Adenocarcinoma of the kidney and hypertension: report of 2 cases with special emphasis on renin.

Renin studies were done on 2 patients with adenocarcinoma of the kidney and hypertension. In 1 case plasma renin activity was high in the peripheral and renal veins, with a renal vein ratio of 1.7 favoring the side of the tumor. Nephrectomy cured the hypertension and renin values became normal. Tissue renin was elevated in the tumor and surrounding parenchyma. Acidification studies of tissue extracts failed to demonstrate the existence of big renin. In case 2 all renin values were normal and the blood pressure remained elevated after the operation. Although renin-secreting tumors remain an uncommon cause of malignant hypertension the condition should be recognized because it is potentially curable.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Myocardial infarction after aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass. Vectorcardiographic study.

Vectorcardiograms and scalar electrocardiograms were recorded in 30 patients before and after aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass surgery to determine whether vectorcardiograms are helpful in making the diagnosis of perioperative transmural infarction. The vectorcardiogram indicated inferior infarction in 2 cases and anterior infarction in 1 case when the diagnosis was not apparent on the electrocardiogram. In the solitary case of anterior infarction diagnosed by the electrocardiogram, anterior infarction was already present on the preoperative vectorcardiogram. The study indicates that the recording of vectorcardiograms before and after aortocoronary bypass surgery facilitates the diagnosis of perioperative anterior and inferior infarction and may reveal perioperative infarction about a previously infarcted area.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Modifications of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene carcinogenesis of rat liver and carcinogen metabolism by portacaval anastomosis.

The effect of portacaval shunt on hepatocarcinogenesis was studied in rats fed 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. Portacaval anastomosis resulted in a decrease of hepatocarcinogenesis as reflected by a delay in the early peak of alpha-fetoproteins, an absence of late appearance of alpha-fetoproteins, and a significantly lower incidence of tumors than in nonshunted rats. Reduction of hepatocarcinogenesis in shunted rats was associated with a decrease of the binding of 3'-methy-4-dimethylamioazobenzene metabolites to liver proteins. This effect seemed to be related to modifications of carcinogen-metabolic pathways. While the detoxifying azoreductase activity was not affected by portal diversion, the activating pathway leading to the binding of 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene metabolites to DNA, a major step for cell carcinogenesis that is mediated by microsomal enzymes, was decreased in shunted rats to about 50 percent of control values. The decrease of liver weight that occurred in shunted rats without loss of body weight produced a very significant reduction of the total capacity of liver to activate 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene while the total capacity of detoxification remained unchanged. This could be a direct consequence of portacaval anastomosis, as has been shown for other microsomal enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Transient bile duct obstruction. Response of serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels in the rat.

The immediate evolution of changes in serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels during and after brief temporary occlusion (12 hours or less) of the main bile duct was studied in the rat. Transient obstruction of the main bile duct of more than one hour was characterized by a simultaneous increase in serum levels of both bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. The time required for return to normal values was less for bilirubin than the duration of a brief obstruction and was more prolonged for alkaline phosphatase than the duration of obstruction. In obstruction of four or more hours, it was rare to find an isolated elevation of serum bilirubin; this occurred when the control value for alkaline phosphatase levels was low and their relative increase was obscured. Thus, an isolated increase in the serum bilirubin level is infrequently compatible with obstruction of the bile duct, even when transient and of brief duration. Conversely, isolated elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase levels in an acute abdominal syndrome may indicate relieved biliary obstruction.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗