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Biomedical subjects

J Moreno

Publications and source records attributed to J Moreno.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Relationships between biophasic disposition and pharmacokinetic behavior in nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs.

The time course of biophasic amounts of two nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs (naproxen and oxyphenbutazone) after an intravenous dose of both drugs in rats (5 and 20 mg/kg, respectively) and their relationships with the drug amounts in central and peripheral compartments as defined through blood level data obtained after the same intravenous dose of the drug, are described. To assess the first point, the carrageenin-induced rat paw edema method is employed. Through previously established dose-response curves obtained after administration of different i.v. doses, the conversion of responses to biophasic amounts is achieved by means of the corresponding model equations. To calculate kinetic parameters through the fitting of the concentration-time data, a least-squares method based on the Marquardt algorithm is used on a computer. It can be concluded that the biophasic compartment cannot be identified as the "central" or the "peripheral" kinetic ones, being, however, the output biophasic rate constant not significantly different from the terminal disposition rate constant, beta or lambda 2.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Histophysiologic aspects of the remnant intestine of rats subjected to partial resection of the small intestine].

The effect of small bowel resection on the morphology, mucous secretion and alkaline phosphatase activity of the remnant intestine was studied five months after surgical operation. Distal small bowel resection produced hyperplasia and infiltration of lymphocytes. The intestinal neutral and acid mucosubstances, and the alkaline phosphatase activity were increased in resected animals, whilst the sulphomucins content of goblet cells was unaltered. The serum alkaline phosphatase activity two and five months after resection was also increased.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

Changes of intestinal alkaline phosphatase produced by cholecalciferol or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in vitamin D-deficient chicks.

Treatment with cholecalciferol or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) increases activity and changes electrophoretic mobility of alkaline phosphatase (alkPase) from duodenal brush border of vitamin D-deprived chicks. Three of the four molecular forms of the enzyme show reduced velocity of migration 9 h after 1,25(OH)2D3 or 24 h after vitamin D3. This change is reversed about 48 h later, when mobility of those bands is higher than that of controls. Incubation of enzyme preparations with exogenous neuraminidase produces the same electrophoretic modifications observed during the early stage, indicating that they are due to desialylation. Cholecalciferol or 1,25(OH)2D3 increase sialidase activity of duodenal brush border. This increment precedes that of alkPase and could account for the initial desialylation and moderate rise of alkPase. Cycloheximide markedly reduces alkPase in rachitic chicks and blocks the increase of the enzyme activity produced by vitamin D3, but does not modify the rise of sialidase or the reduction of alkPase electrophoretic mobility. The bimodal response of alkPase to 1,25(OH)2D3 or cholecalciferol comprises two different mechanisms: during a first stage, epigenetic modifications of preexisting enzyme can be triggered by the increased Ca2+ levels; in a second phase, there is activation of enzyme synthesis.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

Phospholipids and sialic acid changes produced by vitamin D3 on intestinal mitochondria.

Vitamin D3 administration to vitamin D-deficient chicks produces, 24 hours after treatment, a large increment of phospholipids in mitochondria from intestinal mucosa. Proportion of the different phospholipid classes and fatty acid composition of the organelles were not modified by that treatment. A time course study of the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on calcium absorption and sialic acid content of intestinal mitochondria glycoproteins showed that both effects were correlated. The results suggest that either vitamin D or the increase of calcium transfer are involved in the make up of intestinal mitochondria membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

An evaluation of the TCu 380Ag and the Multiload Cu375.

The TCu 380Ag (Outokumpu Oy, Pori, Finland) and the Multiload Cu375 (Multilan, Organon, Oss, The Netherlands) were evaluated in 1477 women in a multicenter clinical trial. The intrauterine devices showed similar, low-event rates. Cumulative life-table pregnancy rates were less than 1.0, and continuation rates were approximately 90 per 100 women at 1 year after insertion. The risk of subsequent hospitalization or pelvic infection was low.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of intramuscular tranexamic acid in man.

The bioavailability of tranexamic acid after the administration of a single intramuscular dose was estimated in three healthy male volunteers. 500 mg tranexamic acid were given intramuscularly and intravenously, as a bolus injection, to each subject on separate occasions. Following intramuscular administration, the peak plasma concentrations were attained after approximately one hour and the apparent elimination half-life was about two hours. The absolute bioavailability was 105.2 +/- 10.7% (mean +/- SD). At the dose given, the bioavailability of tranexamic acid after intramuscular administration is fast and complete.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Bilateral avulsion of quadriceps tendons in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Avulsion of the quadriceps tendons with primary hyperparathyroidism has been reported twice before. We describe a patient with primary type 1 hyperparathyroidism who developed well defined rheumatic symptoms in both knees as a consequence of bilateral rupture of the quadriceps tendons.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Long-term comparative analysis of the Björk-Shiley and Hancock valves implanted in 1975.

The long-term results in all patients undergoing isolated mitral, aortic, or double mitral-aortic heart valve replacement operated upon in 1975 has been retrospectively analyzed. A total of 153 patients received the standard Björk-Shiley (flat pyrolytic disc) mechanical prostheses and 150 patients received the noncomposite Hancock porcine xenograft. Overall operative mortality was not significantly different between groups. All patients receiving a Björk-Shiley prosthesis, but none in the Hancock group, received long-term anticoagulant therapy. Medium and long-term actuarial survival rates (5 and 10 years postoperatively) were comparable for the two groups (88% for Björk-Shiley and 84% for Hancock [NS] at 5 years; 86% for Björk-Shiley and 80% for Hancock at 10 years [NS]). The incidence of systemic embolism was similar in the two groups (1.6% +/- 0.4% per patient-year for the Björk-Shiley group and 1.3% +/- 0.3% per patient-year for the Hancock group [NS]). Also the incidence of endocarditis was similar (0.6% +/- 0.2% per patient-year for the Björk-Shiley group and 0.8% +/- 0.3% per patient-year for the Hancock group [NS]). In the Hancock group the overall incidence of reoperations was significantly higher than in the Björk-Shiley group (4.2% +/- 0.6% per patient-year versus 0.9% +/- 0.3% per patient-year (p = 0.001). The major cause for reoperation in the Hancock group was primary tissue failure (3% +/- 0.5% per patient-year). In the Björk-Shiley group the major cause of reoperation was valve thrombosis (0.5% +/- 0.2% per patient-year). Therefore, accepting the fact that other bioprostheses may behave differently from the Hancock noncomposite xenograft, we currently restrict our indications for valve replacement with bioprostheses.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1984

Toxicity of dicamba (2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid) to Azotobacter vinelandii.

The effect of dicamba was studied in N-free medium inoculated with Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC 12837. Nitrogen fixation was determined by acetylene reduction. Dicamba at a concentration of 500 micrograms/mL had a strong inhibitory effect on nitrogenase activity. However, no inhibitory effect on microbial respiration was detected.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Early surgical results of the Medtronic-Hall valve.

A clinical trial with the Medtronic-Hall (M-H) valve was started in November 1981. From then until December 1982, 157 patients underwent heart valve replacement: Mitral valve replacement (MVR) 63 patients, isolated aortic valve replacement (MVR) 41 patients, and 53 underwent combined mitral-aortic valve replacement (MVR + AVR). Hospital mortality was 2.5% overall (4/157). The total follow-up was 147 patient-years (range 1 to 12 months). Late mortality was 3.2% for MVR, 2.5% for AVR and 1.9% for double MVR + AVR. Oral anticoagulation therapy (Dicumarol) was administered to all patients included in this study. There were no anticoagulant complications and no prosthetic bacterial endocarditis registered in this series of patients up to date. The incidence of systemic embolism was 2.5 events per 100 patient-years in the AVR group. No embolic episodes have been registered in the other 2 groups. The incidence of valvular dysfunction (expressed as events per 100 patient-years) were: --Perivalvular leak (0 MVR, 0 AVR and 2 MVR + AVR) --Valve thrombosis (1.7 MVR, 0 AVR and 0 MVR + AVR) --Mechanical dysfunction (1.7 MVR, 0 AVR and 0 MVR + AVR) Despite a short follow-up, the results with the Medtronic-Hall valve are encouraging and compare favorably with other mechanical prostheses.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cell-mediated immunity to myoglobin in polymyositis.

Using the leucocyte migration inhibition (LIF) test we looked for evidence of cell-mediated hypersensitivity against myoglobin in 8 patients with polymyositis (PM) or dermatomyositis (DM). The migration index for PM-DM patients was 47.5 +/- 17%, while in the controls the index was 86 +/- 12% (p less than 0.001). The presence of serum antibodies against myoglobin was also investigated by passive haemagglutination (PH) and counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). By PH the reciprocal titre of antimyoglobin antibodies was 150 +/- 28 in PM-DM compared with 16.2 +/- 15.9 and 8.7 +/- 7.7 in control patients with diseases (p less than 0.01) and negative in normal persons. CIE showed antimyoglobin antibodies in 3 PM-DM patients and in none of controls. Cell-mediated immunity against myoglobin may be implicated in the pathogenesis of PM. The pathological significance of antimyoglobin antibodies remains to be determined.

Cell Migration Inhibition↗
PubMed1983

[Ultrastructural study of papillomas of the choroid plexus].

The choroid plexus papillomas are rare neoplasms. They constitute about 0.5 per 100 of all intracranial tumors. From a histological point of view they are generally benign tumors. However they give a high mortality rate due to their location near vital structures, the rapid production of intracranial hypertension, and the rich vascularity making risky the surgical treatment.

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms↗