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Biomedical subjects

J Moor-Jankowski

Publications and source records attributed to J Moor-Jankowski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Complexity of the Rh antigen demonstrated by comparative tests using antisera of human and primate origins.

Comparative analysis of two antisera, one produced in chimpanzee and another of human origin, demonstrates the existence of the whole spectrum of antibodies directed against at least four, and possibly five, antigenic determinants connected with the Rh reactivity. Some of the determinants are shared by chimpanzee and human red cells, while others are restricted to one species only. Based on this study, it is suggested that both the human Rh(D)-positive type and its chimpanzee counterpart, the Rc-positive type, could be of common origin, while the negative types are the results of later, parallel events during the evolution.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Chimpanzees and AIDS research.

Pressure is mounting to relax the regulations on importation of chimpanzees for research. Such a policy is unnecessary and would deepen the plight of an already endangered species.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

The BP graded blood group system of the baboon: its relationship with macaque red cell antigens.

The first blood group system to be defined in baboons by means of isoimmune agglutinating reagents is composed of five graded types: B4, B3, B2, B1 and b, inherited, as postulated, by five allelic genes with decreasing dominance order. There are significant differences in distribution of the BP blood groups between hamadryas baboons on the one hand, and cynocephalus and anubis on the other, which may serve as auxiliary taxonomic criteria. Antibodies of specificities related to the BP graded antigens are found in the sera of presumably nonimmunized baboons, and also in the rhesus isoimmune antisera that detect one of the subtypes of the so-called Drh graded system of macaques. These findings point to ubiquity of the BP or BP-like antigens, and to the close serological relationship between BP baboon and Drh macaque red cell antigens, perhaps as evidence of a common ancestral antigen which gave rise to a diverging set of graded subspecificities of baboon and macaque red cells, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Human sickle erythrocytes: survival in chimpanzees.

The survival characteristics of human sickle (SS) erythrocytes (RBCs) transfused to intact chimpanzees were determined. The mean post-transfusion recovery of 51Cr-labelled SS RBCs in four chimpanzees was 30.5% +/- 15.2 SD, and the half-life survival was 4.2 h +/- 0.8 SD. The recovery of control (hemoglobin AA) human red cells in five chimpanzees was complete and their mean intravascular T 1/2 was 22.3 h. Shorter survival of sickle erythrocytes was also shown by transfusing chimpanzees with mixtures of human cells such as 51Cr AA RBCs and 59Fe SS RBCs, or 51Cr SS RBCs and non-labelled fetal (cord blood) erythrocytes. The difference in survival of AA and SS RBCs resembles that in human recipients and was probably caused by sickling of SS cells in the chimpanzee circulation. These primate animals could, therefore, be used as a model for in vivo studies of sickle cell disease.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1982

Transfusion of incompatible blood in rhesus monkeys and baboons.

Four pairs of rhesus monkeys and five pairs of baboons were cross-transfused with large volumes of blood given at intervals varying from 3 weeks to 30 months. Although no acute transfusion reactions were observed, there was a significant reduction in survival rate of the transfused erythrocytes correlated with the level of antibodies in recipient's serum. The immune response of the recipient animal depended on the interval between transfusions and, to some extent, on the number and kind of erythrocyte incompatibilities between the recipient and the donor. These results emphasize the importance of blood group and compatibility testing prior to transfusion.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1981

Blood groups of Barbary apes (Macaca sylvanus).

32 Barbary macaques were all found to be secretors of the A and H blood group substances and to have an M-like agglutinogen on their red cells. Hemagglutination tests for other human-type red cell specificities were negative. In contrast, several so-called simian-type specificities were detected on the erythrocytes of Barbary apes by means of the cross-reacting rhesus and baboon antisera. Among these, only the specificities of the graded Drh blood group system were found to be polymorphic in this species of macaques. Blood groups of Barbary apes are compared with those of several other species of macaques and some taxonomic aspects of blood grouping tests are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Survival of human erythrocytes in primate animals.

The recovery and survival of small quantities of 51Cr-labelled human erythrocytes (RBCs) transfused to nonhuman primates were measured. In two chimpanzees all of the human RBCs circulated 15 min after transfusion and were subsequently removed from the animals' blood with a half-life (T1/2) of 1.6 and 2.4 days. In baboons and rhesus monkeys over 95% of the human RBCs were cleared within 15 min after injection. Animal species, rather than antibody characteristics or titer, was an important determinant of the human RBC survival. Transfusion of human RBCs to chimpanzees can thus be explored as a test system to study human erythrocyte disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Chimpanzee R-C-E-F blood group system: a counterpart of the human Rh-Hr blood groups.

A chimpanzee blood group system is defined by a set of isoimmune antisera, anti-Rc, anti-Cc, anti-Ec, anti-Fc, anti-Cc and anti-Cc1, that distinguish 19 blood types. Population analysis of 285 unrelated animals and the study of 21 chimpanzee families support the postulated model of inheritance by 9 allelic genes. There is a close relationship between the R-C-E-F blood group system and human Rh-Hr blood groups as indicated by overall structural resemblance of both systems and by serological similarity of their principal antigens, Rc and Rho. There are indications that R-like structures are also present on the red cells of other anthropoid apes, and possibly on those of the Old World monkeys.

Alleles↗
PubMed1980

Blood groups : immunogenetic markers in primate animals and their use in breeding and standardization.

The importance of immunogenetics for definition and standardization of laboratory animals has been demonstrated by their successful application for breeding of laboratory mice and rats, and in planned breeding of large domestic animals. Among the immunogenetic markers used, blood groups are the best known and generally considered as the most important. For close to two decades, serology and genetics of blood groups have been investigated by this Laboratory in the most commonly used laboratory primates, namely, macaques, (rhesus, crab-eating, pig-tailed and bonnet), baboon (olive, yellow and hamadryas) as well as chimpanzees. Blood groups of many other primate species have also been surveyed but in a less intensive manner. Blood groups of apes and monkeys are defined by standard methods of human serohematology, using both reagents developed for typing human blood and reagents obtained from the sera of immunized primate animals. The presently available reagents define, depending on species, between 10 and 25 blood groups in macaques, 20 to 25 blood groups in baboons and 45 types in chimpanzees. The available blood group genetic markers will be listed and their value for standardization and breeding of laboratory primates will be discussed.

Animals↗