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Biomedical subjects

J Monks

Publications and source records attributed to J Monks.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Imipenem as substrate and inhibitor of beta-lactamases.

The interaction between imipenem, a carbapenem antibiotic, and two representative beta-lactamases has been studied. The first enzyme was beta-lactamase I, a class-A beta-lactamase from Bacillus cereus; imipenem behaved as a slow substrate (kcat. 6.7 min-1, Km 0.4 mM at 30 degrees C and at pH 7) that reacted by a branched pathway. There was transient formation of an altered species formed in a reversible reaction; this species was probably an acyl-enzyme in a slightly altered, but considerably more labile, conformation. The kinetics of the reaction were investigated by measuring both the concentration of the substrate and the activity of the enzyme, which fell and then rose again more slowly. The second enzyme was the chromosomal class-C beta-lactamase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa; imipenem was a substrate with a low kcat. (0.8 min-1) and a low Km (0.7 microM). Possible implications for the clinical use of imipenem are considered.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1988

Interpretation of subjective measures in a clinical trial of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for multiple sclerosis.

Inclusion of subjective measures in clinical trials has raised questions concerning the basis on which their results may be compared with medical findings. Central problems relate to the status of such measures as indicators of 'real' change and to appropriate methods of assessing their significance. These issues were explored in a controlled trial of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) for multiple sclerosis (MS). Subjective measures were incorporated on the basis of an explicit view of their status vis à vis medical assessments. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) were investigated with respect to their usefulness as indicators of the significance of reported benefit. While neither measure appeared sensitive to the kinds of significance involved, the NHP in particular might have a role in identifying orders of effectiveness which remain untapped by more commonly employed measures of perceived improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Reflections on the cost of hospital nursing: a comparison of factors affecting time distribution in ward, theatre and outpatient departments.

An understanding of the influences upon nurses' time distribution is important for the evaluation of care and the justification of the cost of the nursing service. Time devoted to the care of breast cancer patients at different stages of their illness was studied by direct observation in ward, theatre and outpatient departments. Factors affecting the time spent with patients were found to differ in each location. In the ward and theatre, nurses' work was primarily patient-orientated in that the most significant determinants of the amount of nurse-patient contact appeared to be characteristics of the patients themselves. Particularly in the ward, nurses seemed free to make their own decisions concerning the patients who most needed their attention. In outpatient departments, organizational factors and the characteristics of the doctors conducting the clinics seemed most significant in determining nurses' time distribution. However, there were signs that nurses recognize differences between patients to which their current pattern of work organization does not allow adequate response.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experiencing symptoms in chronic illness: fatigue in multiple sclerosis.

This paper examines the various ways in which symptoms of chronic illness may be experienced. With particular reference to fatigue in multiple sclerosis, it discusses how the conceptualization of symptoms as discrete entities requiring targeted action (common in much current writing on chronic illness) is only one form in which physical disorder may be recognized by those directly affected, and one which probably applies little in the course of everyday life. The paper draws attention to the significance of personal and social context in symptom definition and to the implications for the measurement of symptoms and for advice to patients on management.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bad science.

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Cost Control↗