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Biomedical subjects

J Modestin

Publications and source records attributed to J Modestin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A study of clinical suicide.

A retrospective analysis of the clinical records of 149 patients suicide subjects and the same number of control subjects representative of the entire admitted clinical population was carried out using a larger set of demographic, psychosocial, and clinical variables. The results of the univariate analysis of the data indicated a serious and incapacitating course of the mental illness in the suicide group. The multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis yielded a set of five variables including sex, Research Diagnostic Criteria diagnosis, previous and recent suicidal behavior, and social exits that discriminated best between both groups. These findings have to be taken into consideration when estimating the suicidal risk. The assessment of the suicidal danger, however, remains an individualized procedure.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Distant suicide.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Are there differences between borderline and other personality disorders?

Using the method of blind retrospective evaluation of clinical records, 26 DSM-III borderline and 27 DSM-III nonborderline personality disorders were compared. Apart from the younger age of borderline patients, no really important differences emerged between the groups in the sociodemographic and clinical variables studied. It is possible that differences between borderline and nonborderline personality disorders are limited to the different phenomenology as defined by the respective diagnostic criteria. The borderline diagnosis proves to be a workable tool for further explorations, although its clinical justification remains to be demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Some developmental trends in the incidence of female suicide].

Samples of female suicides committed in the sixties, seventies and eighties were investigated in the Canton of Berne with regard to some demographic characteristics. The number of suicides and the suicide rate increased, however, the male:female ratio decreased in the City of Berne, but not in the remaining regions of the Canton. The suicide rates of the younger age categories were found to have increased and to approximate generally those of the older age groups. The protective influence of the marriage against suicide seems to be loosing its significance. The suicide rates among employed women were found to be lower than expected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Counter-transference reactions contributing to completed suicide.

Counter-transference reactions are frequently elicited while treating suicidal patients and they may contribute to the patient's committing suicide. Therapeutic constellations including the failure of the therapist to (1) cope with the patient's aggressiveness, (2) tolerate the patient's dependency, (3) handle the erotic transference adequately and (4) preserve loyalty towards the patient; they have all been identified as being responsible for a therapeutic impasse with fatal consequences. Knowledge of the therapeutic constellations especially prone to facilitate negative counter-transference reactions may help the therapist to master them effectively.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1987

[Subjective basic symptoms and definition of schizophrenia].

Subjective basic disorders were explored in 52 psychiatric inpatients by means of the Frankfurter Complaint Questionnaire. In each of these patients at least one set of the operational criteria for the diagnosis of schizophrenia was fulfilled, using the Flexible System, the Criteria of the first order by Schneider, the Research diagnostic criteria, the Basic symptoms by Bleuler and the DSM III criteria. The groups of patients identified with help of the individual diagnostic sets of schizophrenia are only partially identical, especially the DSM III schizophrenia definition has proved to be a narrow one. The average total score of the subjectively experienced basic disorders does not depend on the particular definition of schizophrenia investigated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Neuroleptic-induced panic attacks in a patient with delusional depression.

Panic attacks occurred for the first time in a patient suffering from delusional depression during treatment with a combination of an antidepressant and a neuroleptic. His anxiety proneness along with a dysphoric response to the neuroleptic were deemed responsible for these attacks. It is proposed that neuroleptic-induced dysphoric responses may be responsible for therapeutic failure in some cases of psychotic depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[The open door at a psychiatric admission unit].

In spite of our determination to do so, we did not succeed in keeping an open door in a psychiatric admission unit treating patients of all kinds except during one third of the investigation period of 2.75 years duration. A total of 11.3% of all admissions prompted a transitory closing of the door, mostly for 3-4 days. A comparison with a control group shows an over-representation of young, schizophrenic, and organically damaged persons among these patients; in the case of the organics the closing of the ward was of substantially longer duration. The most frequent reason for closing the unit was the apprehension the patient would leave the hospital. However, as these patients were not dangerous towards themselves or against others, there may have been social rather than strictly medical grounds for this action. A short hospitalization time along with a high turn-over of the patients affect the possibility of influencing them on a relational level and make it thus more difficult to keep the door of an acute admission unit permanently open.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Three different types of clinical suicide.

A total of 149 inpatients were identified who had committed suicide in two Swiss psychiatric institutions in the years 1960-1981. Using Research Diagnostic Criteria, 49 were diagnosed as schizophrenics, 75 as depressives, and 9 as alcoholics. The first two groups were significantly overrepresented and the third one underrepresented when compared with a control sample. There were considerable differences between the individual diagnostic groups of clinical suicides: schizophrenic suicides were characterized by a disturbed early social adjustment, a high degree of later disability and an unfavorable course of their illness, depressive suicides were much less handicapped, although they presented a much higher long-term suicidal potential, and alcoholic suicides demonstrated no signs of suicidal behavior in the clinic and committed suicide unexpectedly after experiencing negative life events. These findings have therapeutic implications.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Problem patients in a psychiatric inpatient setting. An explorative study.

A total of 26 psychiatric inpatients (5.8% of all admissions) in an intensive treatment unit were identified as problem patients by nursing personnel. Reasons for such identification were behavioral pathology of the patient, difficulties of the staff in the relationship with the patient, and insufficient therapeutic progress, and the use of inappropriate therapeutic methods. Compared with a control group, the problem patients were psychotics or personality disorders. They presented more behavioral pathology, were prescribed more medication, and experienced decisively longer hospitalizations, although they profited less from their hospitalization. Follow-up investigation revealed that the majority did not earn their own living, otherwise they were no more poorly socially adapted than the discharged controls. The suicide proneness of problem patients was high. In the treatment of these patients the necessity of adapting the therapeutic standards and expectations is of the utmost importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Completed suicide and criminality: lack of a direct relationship.

A comparison was made of the crime rate among 181 suicides and 181 controls, representing an unselected sample of the population matched with the suicides for sex, age, marital status, place of residence and occupational level. Sixteen per cent of the suicides and 11% of the controls had a criminal record, a statistically insignificant difference. In addition, no significant differences were found in the proportion of recidivists and of violent offenders, or in the number of their offences and convictions. A significant difference was found regarding the distribution of the offences by particular laws: more than a half of the offences committed by criminal suicides concerned violations of the road traffic laws, this being in agreement with the hypothesis that risky, accident-prone behaviour is a suicidal behaviour equivalent.

Adult↗