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Biomedical subjects

J Mizuno

Publications and source records attributed to J Mizuno.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Dysphagia caused by ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament associated with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: report of 2 cases].

Two cases of ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament (OALL) associated with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) presenting as dysphagia are reported. DISH has long been regarded as a radiological entity manifesting flowing ossification adjacent to the anterior and lateral borders of at least four contiguous vertebral bodies, maintenance of disc spaces, and a dearth of bony ankylosis and erosion of the apophyseal and sacroiliac joints. In the majority of cases, this entity shows an innocuous clinical course, but the dysphagia shown in our cases has also been documented in previous literature. Case 1 was a 63-year-old male developing progressive dysphagia and rhinolalia. Cervical X-rays and CT showed flowing OALL in the entire cervical spine. MRI demonstrated displacement of the trachea and esophagus by this mass. There was OALL in the thoracic and lumbar spine. Case 2 was a 62-year-old male who had undergone removal of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) from C2 to C5. He developed dysphagia and myelopathy. Cervical X-rays and CT demonstrated projection of OALL as well as posterior osteophytes at C5/6. MRI suggested that OALL had caused dysphagia, and osteophytes deteriorated myelopathy. Removal of OALL was carried out in these two cases. In case 2, removal of the osteophytes and herniated disc was carried out at the same time. Postoperative course was unremarkable with improvement of symptoms. Treatment of dysphagia due to OALL is considered to be conservative. However, surgical decompression should be considered in cases of marked projection of OALL obstructing the esophagus as shown in our cases.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMed1996

[Myelopathy caused by hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine in a patient with long-term hemodialysis].

A 48-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of progressive gait deterioration over a period of 4 months. She had been treated by hemodialysis for 14 years after bilateral nephrectomy. She originally suffered achondroplasia. Otherwise she was a healthy woman. Neurological examination showed weakness and hypesthesia below C5, accelerated deep tendon reflexes and inability in walking. T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed severe cord compression from C4 to C6 due to an epidural isointensity mass located in the ventral surface of the dura. This mass was enhanced by a contrast medium. Anterior decompression followed by an autogenous vertebral bone graft at C4/5 and C5/6 was performed. The posterior longitudinal ligament was remarkably thickened resulting in severe cord compression. Histologically this thick ligament contained amyloid deposition both in the superficial and deep layers. Ossification was not noticed in the ligament. Diagnosis of hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament (HPLL) was made. HPLL is known to be frequently associated with herniated intervertebral discs or segmental ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Myelopathy in this patient with long-term hemodialysis was aggravated by HPLL without ossification due to imbalance of systemic metabolism such as amyloidosis. The authors report a unique case of HPLL caused by amyloidosis as one of the complications of chronic hemodialysis with special emphasis on its pathophysiology and management.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1995

Spinal cord morphology and pathology in ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

We analysed nine autopsy cases of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) to elucidate the relationship between morphology and pathology of the spinal cord. The cross-sectional shape of the spinal cord at the most severely affected segment was classified into two categories: boomerang (convex lateral surfaces and concave anterior surface) and triangular (angular lateral surfaces and flat anterior surface). In the cases with a boomerang shape, even when the compression was severe, major pathological changes were restricted to the grey matter and the white matter was relatively well preserved. No secondary descending degeneration of the lateral columns was seen, and ascending degeneration of the posterior column was restricted to the fasciculus cuneatus whose fibres were derived from the affected segments. In the cases with a triangular shape, pathological changes were more severe, both white matter and grey matter were involved, and only the anterior columns were free of pathological changes. There were severe pathological changes over more than one segment, and both descending degeneration of the lateral pyramidal tracts and ascending degeneration of the posterior column, including the fasciculus gracilis, were observed. The transverse area of the spinal cord was > 60% of normal in most of the cases with a boomerang shape, but it was reduced to < 60% of normal in more than one segment in the cases with a triangular shape. The compression ratio of the spinal cord (sagittal diameter/transverse diameter x 100%) was not related to pathological changes. In conclusion, a triangular-shaped spinal cord with transverse area of < 60% of normal in more than one segment appeared to be associated with severe and irreversible pathological changes in cases of OPLL.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Familial occurrence of von Hippel-Lindau disease--a case report].

It is well known that von Hippel-Lindau disease is defined as the association of retinal angiomatosis and cerebellar hemangioblastomas. This disease is frequently associated with extra-neural vascular neoplasma, especially visceral angiomatous tumors. In this paper we report the familial occurrence of von Hippel-Lindau disease in a 55-year-old mother and her 24-year-old son. The mother had simultaneous multiple angiomas of the liver, stomach and head of the pancreas. The initial symptom was sudden onset of vertigo, possibly caused by a slow-growing cystic cerebellar lesion. An apparent genetic factor indicates that clinical settings begin in the early life of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Changes in morphology and cell number of inner cell mass of porcine blastocysts during freezing.

Changes in the morphology and cell number of the inner cell mass (ICM) of porcine blastocysts at the expanded and hatched stages during freezing (-6.8 degrees C, -35 degrees C and -196 degrees C) were studied by differential fluorochrome staining. The shape of each ICM cell from fresh blastocysts at the expanded and hatched stages was sharply delineated but that of ICM cells from frozen blastocysts was partially distorted. The cell-to-cell contact of the ICM from fresh blastocysts was tight, while that from frozen blastocysts was loose or scattered. The percentages (18 to 38%) of expanded and hatched blastocysts with tight-contact ICM cells from frozen groups at each step were significantly lower (P<0.05) than that (100%) from fresh blastocysts. The number of live ICM cells and their proportion from frozen expanded blastocysts (10.9, 12,4% at -36 degrees C) were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those from fresh embryos (18.4, 19.1%) and at -196 degrees C (20.6, 18.4%). At the hatched stage, the number of live ICM cells and their proportion were not significantly different between each freezing step. These results show that the ICM of porcine embryos at both the expanded- and hatched-blastocysts stages survived even after freezing at -196 degrees C and that the degree of ICM damage was lower at the hatched stage than at the expanded stage.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical study of hemangioblastoma with special reference to its cytogenesis.

The cytogenesis of so-called hemangioblastoma arising in the central nervous system was investigated using the immunoreactivity to various proteins in cerebellar hemangioblastomas, extracerebellar hemangioblastomas, cerebral hemangiopericytomas, and hemangioendotheliomas, as well as a variety of meningiomas. The antisera used included vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, epithelial membrane antigen, factor VIII-related antigen, and cytokeratin. Lipid-laden cells often encountered in partially degenerated meningiomas revealed almost identical reactivity patterns as the lipid-laden cells, i.e., so-called stroma cells, of hemangioblastomas. The results indicate that the so-called hemangioblastoma of the central nervous system is derived from arachnoid cells in meningotheliomatous meningiomas by way of cellular degeneration.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Pathology of spinal cord lesions caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, with special reference to reversibility of the spinal cord lesion.

This report describes pathological findings of the spinal cord damage, with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), with special reference to reversibility of such lesions. Twenty-five autopsy cases associated with OPLL were examined, and the spinal cord damage was pathologically classified into four categories based on degree of destruction (stage 0-3). In stage 0 and stage 1, major pathological changes in the gray matter and the degree of compression on the spinal cord were well correlated to deformity of the anterior horn. In stage 2 and stage 3, neurons were almost completely obliterated and necrosis with cavitation were frequently observed. Destruction of the spinal cord in stage 2 and stage 3 is considered to be irreversible; therefore, surgical treatment is recommended at stage 0 or stage 1.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1990

Cellular coaggregation of oral Streptococcus milleri with actinomyces.

Oral isolates of Streptococcus milleri were examined for their ability to coaggregate with actinomyces. Of the 68 S. milleri strains tested, including 3 reference strains, 40 strains coaggregated with Actinomyces naeslundii WVU45 (actinomyces coaggregation group B) and 36 strains coaggregated with Actinomyces viscosus T14V (actinomyces coaggregation group A). All S. milleri strains of serotypes b (4 strains), e (2 strains), and f (24 strains) coaggregated with both of the actinomyces. The coaggregation reactions between the S. milleri cells and A. naeslundii WVU45 cells were optimal at about pH 7.0 and were Ca2+ or Mg2+ dependent, but they were not inhibited by the presence of simple sugars or amino sugars, including lactose (up to 0.5 M). Treatment of the S. milleri cells with heat (100 degrees C, 3 min) or proteases (trypsin, 1.0 mg/ml; pronase, 0.25 mg/ml; 37 degrees C; 3 h) and of the actinomyces cells with periodate (0.01 M, 4 degrees C, 16 h) destroyed their coaggregating abilities. The coaggregations between cells of the S. milleri strains, we well as cells of the Streptococcus sanguis H1 (reference strain for streptococcus coaggregation group 2) and the actinomyces strains (WVU45 and T14V), were inhibited by AFH1 (a carbohydrate receptor on T14V cells for a lectin on H1 cells). These interactions were also inhibited by anti-AFH1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and by anti-b, anti-e, and anti-f S. milleri IgG or anti-f IgG Fab fragments. These results suggest that S. milleri, at least strains of serotypes b, e, and f, belongs to streptococcus coaggregation group 2.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of dental plaque formation by mouthwash containing an endo-alpha-1, 3 glucanase.

The effect of mouthrinsing with the purified endo-alpha-1, 3 glucanase (mutanase) from a Pseudomonas sp. strain on the formation of dental plaque was investigated. Twenty-two college students participated in the clinical trial. After the labial and lingual surfaces of the 12 front teeth had been subjected to a thorough prophylaxis, the participants were instructed to cease all active oral hygiene practices and to rinse their mouths with either the mutanase or placebo mouthwashes for one minute, up to four times daily, in all, eight times for three days. No restriction regarding meals was given during the experimental period. After a 5-day recess, a second experiment was performed using the same procedures, except the placebo and active mouthwashes were switched. The amount of dental plaque formed on the front teeth was scored according to the criteria of Quigley and Hein. Mean plaque scores were significantly lower for the mutanase (p less than 0.05-0.001) than for the placebo group. In the intraparticipant comparison, most plaque scores were also significantly reduced in general (p less than 0.05-0.0010) by rinsing with the mutanase mouthwash. These data indicate that mutanase is able to suppress the accumulation of dental plaque in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Nonsurgical embryo collection from sows with surgically shortened uteri.

To allow for the nonsurgical collection of swine embryos, the uteri of sows (n=7) were surgically shortened. A section of each uterine horn was resected to facilitate a transcervical flushing procedure. All sows with a shortened uterus exhibited natural estrus at least once after the operation. Four to six days after insemination, embryos were collected with a two-way Foley catheter. Embryos were collected (n=55, 6.3+/-6.0: x +/-SD ) from every treated sow. Although treated sows often did not exhibit estrus beyond 1 to 9 natural estruses, those sows (n=27) with persistent corpora lutea (CL) over a 4 to 5 wk period were given prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) and they returned to estrus in 5.2+/-1.1 d: x +/-SD .

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Intracranial extracerebral glioneural heterotopia.

A newborn baby girl with intracranial extracerebral glioneural (brain) heterotopia in the right frontoparietal area is described. The heterotopic brain was predominantly composed of neuronal and glial elements, with partial cerebellar differentiation. It also contained well-differentiated adipose tissue. The possible mechanism for its origin and the causes of central nervous system heterotopia are discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Phylogenetic study of the oxytocin-like immunoreactive system in invertebrates.

1. A phylogenetic study of oxytocin (OXT)-like immunoreactive cells was performed by the PAP method in the central nervous system of invertebrates. 2. The immunoreactivity was detected in the nerve cells of Hydra magnipapillata of the Coelenterata; Neanthes japonica and Pheretima communissima of the Annelida; Oncidium verrucosum, Limax marginatus and Meretrix lamarckii of the Mollusca; and Baratha brassica of the Arthropoda. 3. No immunoreactive cells were found in Bipalium sp. of the Platyhelminthes; Pomacea canaliculata, Aplysia kurodai, Bradybaena similaris and Achatina fulica of the Mollusca; and Gnorimosphaeroma rayi, Procambarus clarkii, Hemigrapsus sanguineus, Helice tridens and Gryllus bimaculatus of the Arthropoda; Asterina pectinifera of the Echinodermata; and Halocynthia roretzi of the Protochordata. 4. These results demonstrate that an OXT-immunoreactive substance is widely present not only in vertebrates but also in invertebrates. 5. OXT seems to have been introduced into these invertebrates at an early stage of their phylogenetic history.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Phylogenetic study of the arginine-vasotocin/arginine-vasopressin-like immunoreactive system in invertebrates.

1. A phylogenetic study of arg-vasotocin (AVT)/arg-vasopressin (AVP)-like immunoreactive cells was performed by the PAP method in the central nervous system of invertebrates. 2. The immunoreactivity was detected in the nerve cells of Hydra magnipapillata of the Coelenterata; Neanthes japonica and Pheretima communissima of the Annelida; Pomacea canaliculata, Aplysia kurodai, Oncidium verrucosum, Bradybaena similaris, Achatina fulica, Limax marginatus and Meretrix lamarckii of the Mollusca; Gnorimosphaeroma rayi, Hemigrapsus sanguineus, Gryllus bimaculatus and Baratha brassicae of the Arthropoda; Asterina pectinifera of the Echinodermata; and Halocynthia roretzi of the Protochordata. 3. No immunoreactivity was detected in Bipalium sp. of the Platyhelminthes, or in Procambarus clarkii and Helice tridens of the Arthropoda. 4. From these results, it appears that AVT/AVP is a phylogenetically ancient peptide which is present in a wide variety of invertebrates. 5. The actions of AVT/AVP and its presence in invertebrates are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Sexing of half-embryos produced by microsurgical bisection of mouse morulae and production of chimeric mouse of defined sex composition by aggregating two sexed half-embryos.

Using the halved morulae of mice obtained with microsurgical technique, the following two experiments were performed. 1) Sexing of half-embryos by chromosomal analysis and transfer of the half-embryos after determining the sex of the other monozygotic half. One half of the bisected embryo was cultured in Colcemid solution (0.04 micrograms/ml) to be ensured for chromosomal preparation. More than 50% (152/270) of the blastulated embryos from the halves could be sexed by direct sex chromosome analysis. Thirty-nine of the half-embryos of which the co-twin halves were sexed, were transplanted in to the uterine horns of 18 pseudopregnant mice, and twelve became pregnant. The autopsies of them on Day 18 to 20 of pregnancy, revealed the presence of 16 fetuses. The morphological sex of these fetuses thus obtained coincided completely with the previous judgement based on the chromosomal sexing. 2) Production of chimeras of defined sex composition by aggregating two half-morulae of defined sex. Out of 147 pairs of half-morulae of two different strains (ICR and C3H/He), which were replaced in pairs into empty zona pellucidae, 107 (72.8%) were aggregated successfully and developed in vitro into full expanding blastocysts of typical form. Among the 107 aggregate blastocysts, 31 were sexed for both component embryos by chromosomal analysis on the co-twin half-embryos. When these 31 blastocysts were transferred, 11 living offspring including 4 chimeras were obtained. Transfer of 12 male-male and 5 female-female aggregate blastocysts resulted in 8 males and 1 female, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Management of prolactinomas associated with very high serum prolactin levels.

The authors have reviewed the results of transsphenoidal microsurgical management in 69 patients with prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas who had preoperative serum prolactin levels over 200 ng/ml. The patients were divided into three groups based on their preoperative serum prolactin levels: over 200 to 500 ng/ml (Group A); over 500 to 1000 ng/ml (Group B); and over 1000 ng/ml (Group C). The percentage of successful treatment ("control rate") was 68%, 30%, and 14%, respectively, in these three groups of patients. Based on these results, the authors offer guidelines for the management of patients with prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas associated with exceptionally high serum prolactin levels. The surgical control rate of 68% in Group A seems to justify surgery for these patients, while primary medical care with bromocriptine is recommended for most patients with serum prolactin levels over 500 ng/ml.

Adenoma↗