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Biomedical subjects

J Minár

Publications and source records attributed to J Minár.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Myiasis in a skin tumor].

A case of myiasis of a cutaneous tumour, a melanoblastoma in the right axilla of an 87-year old woman is described. After two years of illness in the last months of life an attack of the tumour by larvae of the fly Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) was observed. This fly is the most frequent causal agent of tissue, cavity, ocular and urogenital human myiasis in Central Europe. Usually, injured or seriously ill patients are attacked by the larvae in urban as well as rural conditions. This is the first described case of myiasis located in a tumour.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

The role of the National Institute of Public Health in the field of infections with natural focality.

In the post-war period the National Institute of Public Health, later Institutes of Epidemiology and Microbiology, headed by K. Raska, ranked among famous laboratories in the world due to its priority findings and original results. Research results of the Institute stimulated further research not only in Czechoslovakia but also abroad, in laboratories of Europe and America. The authors emphasize the significance of certain results in the epidemiology and ecology of infections characterized by natural focality. In the first place they discuss the isolation of TBE in 1948 and 1949 by Gallia et al., and the study of the role of birds and bats as hosts of TBE. Significant for the recognition of zoonotic influenza viruses are papers by Tůmová, and as regards rabies in rodents the studies of Sodja et al. The institute paid attention to the introduction of Coxiella burnetii into the north-west of Bohemia. The institute's activities in the study of tularaemia, leptospirosis, Lyme borreliosis, and toxoplasmosis are also described. Raska's concept of epidemiological surveillance in the prevention of zoonoses with natural focality was fully enforced by workers of the institute. Many results of the Institute have been adopted by the WHO; it was demonstrated that it is possible by appropriate methods not only to detect human diseases in places where they are known but also to discover them in nature extensively altered by man.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1995

[Nosocomial myiasis in Central Europe].

The authors describe a case of nosocomial myiasis of cavities caused by larvae of the fly Lucilia sericata (Meigen 1926), in a patient hospitalized at the resuscitation unit after a motor car accident where he suffered fractures of the skull and other injuries. On the fourth day in hospital in the nasal and oral cavity of the patient larvae of the 1st and 2nd instar of the mentioned species were detected. The ova were laid in hospital. L. sericata is the most frequent causal agent of tissue, cavity, ocular and urogenital human myiasis in Central Europe. In Czechoslovakia so far seven cases were recorded, incl. three nosocomial ones. Myiases usually attack immobile, injured or severely ill people in summer. It is important to draw attention to the hazard of myiases under exceptional conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis in central Europe and the relationship of the incidence of Ixodes ricinus to original ecosystems.

Based on reports of the national epidemiological service on tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) morbidity in 1953-1987, data in the literature, and results of the author's own field research on the occurrence of the common tick, Ixodes ricinus, foci of this disease have been identified on the territory of Czechoslovakia. In Bohemia a significant focus of TBE in the Central Bohemian Region is located in the Krivoklát area with forests and in the Berounka, mid-Vltava, and lower-Sázava river basins, in the Brdy area and the Czech Karst continuing southwards via the Vltava basin to foci in the South Bohemian region in the districts of Písek and Ceské Budĕjovice and west of the Berounka river basin to a focus in the central part of the West Bohemian region. In the North Bohemian and East Bohemian regions only smaller isolated foci of TBE were detected. In Moravia foci of TBE are in the districts of Opava and Bruntál in the North Moravian region and in the central and southern areas of the South Moravian region. The foci in Bohemia are isolated from foci in neighboring countries, those of Moravia are connected with foci in Poland and Austria. On the territory of the Czech Republic foci of TBE are found in localities of pristine oakwood agglomerations. Original beechwood agglomerations even when located below the upper limit of occurrence of the common tick, i.e. less than 700 meters above sea level, do not offer favourable conditions for this arthropod and they do not harbour natural foci of TBE.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis in the Slovak Republic and its relation to the natural ecosystem].

To evaluate the incidence of natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis in the Slovak Republic data of the hygiene service on the morbidity from tick-borne encephalitis during the period from 1961-1988 were used as well as data from the literature and results of the author's field studies on the incidence of the common tick. The main foci of tick-borne encephalitis are in the West Slovakian region, in the Záhorské lowland, in the Váh valley up to the distrikt of Povázská Bystrica, in the area of the Low Carpathian mountains, Tribec, Vtácnik, the Nitra and Hron hills, and Kovácov hills, in the Central Slovakian region in the Krupin hills and in the East Slovakian region in the Slovak karst and Slanské hills. The incidence of common ticks and foci of tick-borne encephalitis is linked to the original oak grove communities. In Slovakia the latter comprise hornbean and oak forests, oak groves and thermophile oak forests. Areas of original communities of beech woods and spruces which grow in higher altitudes do not provide favourable conditions for the development of the common tick. Rare foci of tick-borne encephalitis of a mountainous type found in Slovakia survive probably due to the extremely favourable microclimatic conditions in these areas. Also the hygrophilous communities of alders, moorlands and dry steppes, original as well as cultivated ones, are not suitable for the common tick. This is why ticks are not found in central, northern and northeastern Slovakia, in the Rye island and lowland along the Tisa river.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Czechoslovakia↗
PubMed1992

[Relation of foci of tick-borne encephalitis to original plant associations in the Czech Republic].

Based on reports of the hygiene service on the morbidity from tick-borne encephalitis during the period of 1953-1987, data in the literature and results of the authors' field research on the incidence of ticks, the authors defined foci of the disease. In Bohemia there is an extensive important focus of tick-borne encephalitis in the Central Bohemian region in the Krivoklát area, along the Berounka river, along the mid Vltava river and lower Sázava river, in the area of the Brdy mountains and Czech Karst, linked in the South along the Vltava river to foci in the South Bohemian region in the districts of Písek and Ceské Budĕjovice and in the West linked along the Berounka river with the focus in the central part of the West Bohemian region. In the North Bohemian region and East Bohemian region, only minor separate relict foci of tick-borne encephalitis were found. In Moravia there are extensive foci of tick-borne encephalitis in the North Moravian region in the districts of Opava and Bruntál, in the South Moravian region in its central and southern parts. The foci in Bohemia are separated from foci in neighbouring countries, foci in Moravia are continuous with those in Poland and Austria. It was proved that ticks and the revealed foci of tick-borne encephalitis in the Czech Republic are in areas of original oak groves. Areas of beech woods, even those which are below areas where ticks are found, i.e. lower that 700 m above sea level, do not offer favourable conditions for ticks andare not foci of tick-borne encephalitis. Assessment of areas with regard to the prevailing flora and fauna proved a useful method of prediction of the occurrence of ticks and foci of disease they transmit.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Probability description of regulation on the level of population and individual in the host-parasite system using Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) as an example.

A scheme of a mixture of normal laws of weight distribution in Oestrus ovis L. larvae of various stages was used for the determination of their mortality and for the evaluation of basic distribution parameters. No mortality was observed in 2nd- and 3rd-stage larvae. The distribution of the number of 1st-stage larvae corresponds to the negative binomial law. The weight distribution correlates with the quantitative distribution of the 1st-stage larvae. The present studies are based on the results obtained during the investigations of ovine oestrosis in Stavropol Territory of the RSFSR and the Kalmyk ASSR performed by K.A. Breev and his coworkers in 1976-77.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The effectiveness of the repellents diethyltoluamide and phenylpropandiol in grazing primiparous cows].

In practical farming conditions of an agricultural enterprise situated in South-East Moravia, the repellents N,N'-diethyl-m-toluamide and 2-phenyl propanediol 1,3 were tested after their application to grazing first-calves of the Bohemian Pied breed. The experiment was conducted in July and August 1986 and it took 40 days. In the first experimental group, 2-phenyl propanediol 1,3 was applied and in the other group a 1:1 mixture of the repellents N,N'-diethyl-m-toluamide and 2-phenyl propanediol 1,3 in form of a 10% water emulsion in the interval of 48 hours. No flights and bites of annoying insects (gad-flies, black-flies, gnats, midges, symbovine flies) were observed in treated first-calves in the two experimental groups. The economic efficiency of 2-phenyl propanediol 1,3 application in the first experimental group was manifested by the higher milk yield by 1.20% and by the higher milk fat yield by 0.13%; when the mixture of N,N'-diethyl-m-toluamide and 2-phenyl propanediol 1,3 was used, the milk yield increased by 2.27% and the milk fat yield by 0.17%, in comparison with the control group. Considering that some meteorological factors had worse values in the test year, after their mathematico-statistical evaluation they had significantly different values from those recorded in the two preceding years, the differences in milk production and fat percentage were not statistically significant.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Use of original plant communities as indicators for the occurrence of common ticks].

In an investigation conducted in the South and West Bohemian region the author paid attention to the incidence of the tick Ixodes ricinus and foci of tick-borne encephalitis in original plant communities. In Southern Bohemia in places of original communities of acidophil oak forests, oak-hornbeam woods and their mosaic combinations as well as combinations of flowers and beech forests and meadows and alder trees the author detected 93.5% of the breeding places of ticks. In Western Bohemia in original oak forests there were 97.2% breeding places of Ixodes ricinus. In other original plant communities, although influenced and partly altered by human activities--i.e. in highly located beech woods and pine tree woods and in damp communities--in peatbogs, meadows and grassland no ticks were found. Evaluation of a territory, based on plant and animal communities and typical species as their indicators, is a useful method as regards the prognosis of the prevalence of ticks or possibly foci of tick-borne encephalitis, as was demonstrated on the example of an uncommon focus of tick-borne encephalitis and tick-borne borreliosis on the upper Vltava river.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Natural foci of Lyme borreliosis].

The submitted paper provides evidence that tick-borne borreliosis described as Lyme disease, is a disease with natural focality. Its properties, despite the widespread occurrence, classify it in this group. The authors give a characteristic of the disease, of hitherto known vectors, the main reservoir animals in America and Europe. Attention is drawn to the importance of deer and the effect of their increasing numbers on the spread of ticks and the disease. The great adaptability of the causal agent is apparent from the wide areas of its occurrence, incl. the Holoarctic, Aethiopian and Australian area. The complicated relations of the natural foci of tick-borne borreliosis must be investigated in particular under Central European conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The occurrence of antibodies to Borrelia in dogs].

Using the method of indirect hemagglutination and an antigenic extract of Borrelia recurrentis the occurrence of antibodies to borrelias was investigated in 169 sera of dogs from two groups with different exposure to vectors. A significant difference in the serum positivity of dogs coming to Prague outpatient veterinary wards (53.7%) and of dogs coming from laboratory packs (20.9%) confirms the participation of dogs in the epidemiology of Lyme borreliosis, indicates the influence of the environment with free living vectors and the frequency of host exposure also in the town agglomeration. The highest occurrence of positivity in summer months--July-August) corresponds to the incidence of vectors, the great infestation of which along with the determined serological positivity is a precondition of the clinical manifestation of dog diseases in the CSSR territory.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Review of the morphological changes in peripheral nerves in experimental diabetes mellitus].

A survey of morphological changes of myelinated nerve fibers of peripheral nerves recorded in experimental streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in rats is presented. Causes of discordant interpretations of findings are considered and pathogenetic mechanisms involved in morphological changes of myelinated nerve fibers of peripheral nerves observed in this model of diabetes mellitus are discussed. (Ref. 41.)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Light microscopy study of Schmidt-Lantermann incisures in the guinea pig sciatic nerve.

The authors studied the shape, orientation and number of Schmidt-Lantermann incisures in the sciatic nerve of the healthy guinea pig. The nerves were removed, fixed, shredded and evaluated in the light microscope. Internode length, fibre diameter and segment length were measured in isolated nerve fibres with an eyepiece micrometer. The number and configuration of the Schmidt-Lantermann incisures in the internode were found to be variable. The incisures follow one another at irregular intervals, dividing the whole internode into cylindroconical segments of varying lengths. The measured values were processed on a PMD 85/2 personal microcomputer.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Ultrastructure of the Schmidt-Lantermann incisures in the guinea pig sciatic nerve.

The authors studied Schmidt-Lantermann incisures in myelinated fibres of the guinea pig sciatic nerve. Incisures of different shapes were observed and described in longitudinal sections; some of them were simply shaped, but others had a very intricate form. It is assumed that the atypical, intricate forms are complete incisures which change course and acquire a complex shape in longitudinal sections.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Horse infestation with the larva of the deer warble fly, Hypoderma diana Brauer, 1985 (Diptera, Hypodermatidae)].

In South Bohemia a case was discovered of a yearling colt attacked by the larva of the IIIrd instar of the deer warble fly Hypoderma diana Brauer. The dead, almost mature larva of the fly was squeezed out of a subcutaneous lump above the shoulder in the first decade of April, 1985. The case is evaluated from the point of view of the possibility of the transition of specific parasites--warble flies--to another host. The attacking of a non-specific kind can occasionally occur only when there is a large number of the parasites and both kinds of host. At present the degree of attacking of deer by subcutaneous warble flies is high and therefore under favourable circumstances even domestic animals can be attacked by this type of warble fly. The above case is the first to be ascertained of a horse being attacked by a deer warble fly.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Decrease in the milk yield in cows casued by dipterous blood-sucking insects and the protection of heifers with Oxamate, a repellent, in the area of Leningrad].

Blood-sucking dipterous insects, milk yield losses caused by these insects to cows in the pasture and the possibilities of cattle protection against these insects were investigated in the Leningrad region of the USSR in 1982-1984. The invasion by horse-flies causes the greatest trouble to grazing cattle. Twenty-five horse-fly species were identified during the study. The nine prevailing species constituted more than 85% of the horse-flies invading the animals. The horse-flies flew for 50-55 days from the beginning of June to the beginning of August; mass flights were observed for two weeks starting in the second decade of June. A twelve-hour repelling action was recorded in the Oxamate repellent applied as 20% emulsion. A new portable motor-powered aerosol sprayer was tested during the study. The losses in milk yields caused by horse-flies in the Leningrad region were computed; in the period of the horse-fly flights the milk yields are reduced by 13%. The economic benefit of the treatment of the animals with the Oxamate repellent was 9.11 roubles per rouble invested. Manitoba-type traps attracting the horse-flies to an optical bait (a black ball or cube) were used as an additional method of reducing the occurrence of horse-flies in the pasture.

Animals↗