Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Metz

Publications and source records attributed to J Metz.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The identification of the F-cell in the dog pancreas as the pancreatic polypeptide producing cell.

The endocrine cells of the processus uncinatus in the dog pancreas were investigated with special reference to the formerly known F-cell. The F-cell was detected frequently in the periphery of pancreatic islets as well as among exocrine tissue. In both localizations the F-cell shows similar ultrastructural features. Membrane-bound irregularly shaped secretory granules of variable electron density were seen. The cell possesses all features of an endocrine polypeptide secreting cell. Using the immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase technique in the uncinate processus of the dog, we could reveal that the anti-sera against bovine pancreatic polypeptide (BPP) reacts with the cell which is localized at the same sites as the F-cell. We therefore conclude that the pancreatic F-cell is identical to the pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell. The other endocrine cell types of the dog pancreas are glucagon-producing A-cells, insulin-producing B-cells, and somatostatin-producing D-cells, as well as serotonin-producing EC-cells which are regularly present in the dog pancreatic islets and also scattered among exocrine tissue and the duct epithelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Anemia in urban underprivileged children. Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 nutrition.

The prevalence and type of nutritional anemia was investigated in 344 children aged 1 to 16 years of mixed race and living in a poor urban setting. Iron deficiency anemia was common in 1-year-old children (23%) as was biochemical evidence of iron deficiency (53%). Anemia rates were minimal in older children and the prevalence of iron deficiency decreased with age. Folate deficiency did not appear to contribute to the etiology of anemia, and nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency was not present. No-relationship could be found between a number of familial variables and hematological nutritional status. It is suggested that to identify families whose children are at risk for nutritional anemia new approaches will be needed to define their characteristics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Vitamin B 12-(cyanocobalamin)-allergy].

A case of vitamin B12 allergy is reported. Typical eczematous and exanthematic skin lesions appeared after long-term and high-dosed intake of a vitamin B12 drug (Biovital). Patch tests with vitamin B12 were positive. This observation of vitamin B12 allergy we compared with previous published cases.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1977

[Staphylodermia superficialis circinata. The 5th obligatory cutaneous paraneoplasia].

Clinical observations on two cases of staphylodermia superficialis circinata are reported. This rare variation of superificial staphylococcal skin infection is identical with the "erythema necroticans migrans". As this cutaneous manifestation is highly associated with malignant internal diseases it must be regarded as a "cutaneous paraneoplasia". Out of 14 cases of erythema necroticans migrans, so far published this dermatosis occured in 13 patients suffering from pancreatic cancer. Association with pancreatitis was demonstrated in one case. In both cases herein reported the cutaneous manifestations were associated with a carcinoma of the pancreas and with cervix cancer. Extreme loss of weight, atrophic glossitis, therapy-resistant anemia and a slight diabetes are extra-cutaneous symptoms of this paraneoplastic syndrom.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[The pattern of distribution of free amino acids in human amniotic fluid related to the duration of pregnancy. Part II: Changes in concentration in pathological pregnancy (author's transl)].

18 free amino acids from 196 specimens of amniotic fluid of pathological pregnancies between the 28th and 41st week of pregnancy were measured by gaschromatography. The concentrations of the amino acids in amniotic fluid in normal and pathological pregnancies were analysed by statistical methods. There were only minor differencies of concentration of free amino acids in the amniotic fluid between normal and pathological pregnancies with the exception of hydroxyproline. This was found in a significantly higher concentration in the amniotic fluid of the pathological group. Supposing that the materno-fetal as well as the feto-maternal amino acid exchange may be reduced by the placenta insufficiency, the significantly higher concentration of hydroxyproline in the amniotic fluid during pathological pregnancies may be caused higher fetal urine excretion of hydroxyproline into the amniotic fluid. The increase of hydroxyproline in the amniotic fluid of pathological pregnancies is probably an early diagnostic parameter of an impaired transplacental exchange -- placenta insufficiency.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1977

[Extracrural manifestation of necrobiosis lipoidica. Isolated involvement of the head].

Necrobiosis lipoidica confined to the face and scalp is very rare. The clinical diagnosis is complicated by the granuloma anulare like aspect and in particular by the lack of typical localization of the extremities. Histologically prominent granulomatous dermal proliferation and less marked vascular changes can often be found in the involved areas of the scalp and/or in the absence of diabetes mellitus. For the microscopic classification the large variability of necrobiosis lipoidica must be considered. In our case with an exclusive localization in the face and capillitium, diabetes mellitus was excluded. The necrobiotic type of the necrobiosis lipoidica was predominant. The identity between necrobiosis lipoidica with other chronic granulomatous diseases and the possible treatment of this benign but long-term process is briefly discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Erythropoietic protoporthyria. Clinical aspects and therapy].

After introduction in clinical, histological and ultrastructural features of erythropoietic protoporphyria the therapeutic effect of beta-Carotene is reported in 5 patients with erythropoietic proporphyria and in 1 patient with polymorphous light dermatosis. beta-Carotene was given orally in a daily initial dose of 50-100 mg, continued with 25 mg a day. In all patients the therapeutic effect set on about 2 months after beginning of the treatment and was measured by increased toleration to insolation. During the treatment over a period of four years no side effects were noticed by 127 clinical and biochemical controls beside a dose-dependent "icterus" localized as well in the perioral region as on the hands and feet.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Exocrine pancreas under experimental conditions. II. In vitro formation of paracrystalline structures and its functional consequences.

The in vitro formation of paracrystalline structures after addition of high concentrations of amino acids to the incubation medium was investigated in pancreatic lobules and pancreatic homogenates. It could be shown that even in the homogenate, pCPA induced the formation of paracrystalline structures which exhibited the same ultrastructural arrangement as seen in the in vivo induced paracrystalline inclusions in the RER of the rat pancreas. In correlation with the morphological alterations, the functional consequences to the secretory process, i.e. amylase discharge,discharge of pulse-labeled proteins and incorporation of 3H-leucine into pancreatic proteins,were studied in pancreaticlobules. Two different approaches were used. Firstly, the effect of pCPA-pretreatment of rats and secondly, the effect of higher pCPA concentrations in the incubation medium on the secretory process in untreated pancreatic lobules were studied. A nonparallelism of inhibition of the three different steps of the secretory process depending, with respect to its extent,on time after pCPA-application (4-72 h) and on the concentration of pCPA (1-10(-5) to 1-10(-2) M) in the incubation medium was found. In addition to specific effects probably due to pCPA and to the paracrystalline inclusions, unspecific alterations, particularly accompanying degenerative processes after in vivo pretreatment, could be differentiated.

Amylases↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructure of perfusion-fixed fetal capillaries in the human placenta.

The ultrastructure of human placental capillaries was investigated using perfusion fixation and the freeze-fracturing technique. The capillaries have a continuous endothelium especially rich in microfilaments, whereas micropinocytotic vesicles are exceedingly scarce. The endothelial cells are connected by three types of junctions: (1) zonulae occludentes characterized by 2 to 4 focal regions of membrane contact in thin-sectioned specimens and an equal number of ridges on the membrane E-face in freeze-fractured specimens; (2) small gap junctions associated with the zonula occludens. (3) attachment plaques resembling zonulae adhaerentes in their fine structure. Endothelial cells are provided with long, circularly oriented pseudopodial extensions, which may be responsible for intermittent constrictions of the vessel lumen. These findings indicate that diaplacental transport at the level of the fetal capillary is controlled by the cytoplasm of the endothelial cells and probably occurs only to a very limited extent by way of micropinocytotic vesicles.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1976

Exocrine pancreas under experimental conditions. I. Formation of paracrystalline inclusions in vivo.

After the application of parachlorophenylalanine (pCPA), an amino acid analogue, paracrystalline inclusions are observed in the exocrine pancreas of the rat. The formation of the paracrystalline structures varies according to the dose and the time of examination. Although the first alterations can be seen in the Golgi apparatus and the condensing vacuoles, the main localization of these structures is within the cisternae of the RER. At the same time as degenerative changes occur in the cells, involving autophagic and heterophagic processes, regeneration also takes place. With the freeze-fracturing method, the paracrystalline inclusions are interpreted as lamellae or plates of probably altered secretory proteins in extremely extended RER-cisternae. The fracture surfaces of the paracrystals show a periodicity of about 80 A running diagnonally to the main axis of the paracrystalline structures, which are mainly oriented from the basal parts of the exocrine pancreatic cells to the cell apices. The mechanism of paracrystalline formation is discussed on the basis of the morphologic results. It could be shown that after pCPA administration the amylase content is decreased concomittantly with degranulation. pCPA seems not to be incorporated into secretory proteins; high intracellular concentrations, however, are required to induce the formation of the paracrystalline structures. This morphological study is the basis for other studies dealing with secretion and intracellular transport in the pancreatic acinar cell under experimental conditions.

Amylases↗
PubMed1976

Gap junctions in hemodichorial and hemotrichorial placentae.

Gap junctions were found to be a constant feature of chorioallantoic placentae with two or three trophoblastic layers. The gap junctions connect layers I and II in hemodichorial and layers II and III in hemotrichorial placentae. Although the gap junctions vary in form and in the packing density of membrane-associated particles, they cover an extensive surface area in all species examined. The gap junctions always connect adjacent membranes of two trophoblastic layers, which show no evidence of micropinocytotic activity; at least one of these trophoblastic layers is syncytial. It is therefore concluded that the gap junctions play an important role in diaplacental transport. We consider that gap junctions act as molecular sieves, resulting in limitations in the transport of large molecules. The passage of small molecules, on the contrary, would be facilitated by the gap junctions.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Protein energy malnutrition in coloured children in Western Township, Johannesburg. Part II. Prevalence and severity.

Anthropometric measures of growth and serum albumin and transferrin concentrations were assessed in 344 Coloured children aged from 1 to 16 years living in Western Township, Johannesburg. About one third of children were diagnosed as suffering from protein energy malnutrition (PEM) on the basis of weight-for-age below the 3rd percentile. The prevalence varied in different age groups, and was highest in the group aged from 5 to 8 years. A high prevalence of abnormally low head circumference measurements was found in the 1-year-old children (41, 2%). The severity of PEM was relatively mild, as reflected by the serum albumin and transferrin concentrations, and the almost total absence of oedema among the children. A positive association of breast feeding and income with growth was noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Protein energy malnutrition in Coloured children in Western Township, Johannesburg. Part 1. The ecological background.

One hundred coloured families selected at random from the "old" and "new" areas of Western tpownship in Johannesburg were investigated. The mothers were interview to gain some insight into the "ecology of malnutrition" in this community. The results of this sociological survey revealed rumerous socio-economic problems in both areas, but more so in the "old" area. Low earnings and overcrowding were common in the "old" area. In both areas, it was found that breast feeding was not continued for long. Although in both mothers seemed well-informed about child-care, striking discrepancies between knowledge and practice were noted. It is suggested that an intergrated programme involving the community and directed toward multiple problems would be more efficacious than a simple nutritional programme in eradicating malnutrition in this community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Protein calorie malnutrition and nutritional anaemia in Black pre-school children in a South African semirural community.

The incidence of nutritional anaemia and of protein calorie malnutrition in 119 randomly selected Black children living in the Muldersdrift area was studied. The ecology of nutritional problems in the community was also investigated. Major problems in the area were poor educational and medical facilities, a high childhood mortality rate and poor cash incomes. An important factor which influenced nutrition was large family size. The incidence of protein calorie malnutrition was 27,6% and of nutritional anaemia 13,3%. In the second year of life the incidence of anaemia was 27,3%. The main cause of anaemia was iron deficiency.

Black or African American↗