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Biomedical subjects

J McCullough

Publications and source records attributed to J McCullough.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Egg substitutes: use and preference--with and without nutritional information.

Three egg substitutes, plus fresh and dried whole eggs, were evaluated by a consumer panel before and after receiving information on cost and caloric and cholesterol content of the products, and before and after sensory evaluations. Initially, most of the thirty panelists believed that the egg substitutes would cost the same or less than fresh eggs. After receiving information on cost and caloric and cholesterol content, the panelists perceived no significant differences in the nutritional value of the products. Fresh whole egg was the preferred product. After tasting, the consumers judged the nutritional value of all of the products higher, but their preferences were lower for all products except the fresh whole egg. Presentation of information on the caloric and cholesterol content of the egg substitutes without explanation of possible benefit in current health problems appears insufficient to change consumers' perception of a fat-modified product.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The role of continuous flow centrifuge leucapheresis in the management of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Continuous flow centrifuge leucapheresis (CFCL) provides a simple, mechanical technique for removing large numbers of circulating lymphocytes without cytotoxicity. Seven sequences of CFCL were performed on six patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). In six, the median course consisted of six procedures in 10 days. A median total of 27.7 X 10(11) leucocytes were removed and a 70% drop in leucocyte counts (from 433 X 10(9)/l. to 130 X 10(9)/l.) was observed with little fall in haemoglobin and platelet counts. Tissue massess decreased in two patients. A similar effect was seen in one patient managed less intensively with 21 procedures being performed over 73 days, removing a total of 87.6 X 10(11) leucocytes. The peripheral leucocyte count decreased from 760 X 10(9)/l. to 114 X 10(9)/l. and hepatomegaly diminished markedly. One patient has survived for over 9 months since CFCL but stayed in control only briefly after each of two courses. Short courses of daily CFCL can produce short-term benefit in the management of advanced CLL but at present its main value is as an investigational form of therapy which provides a unique opportunity to study the cytokinetics of advanced CLL without the complications of superimposed cytotoxic therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

A simple technique for the inactivation of IgM antibodies using dithiothreitol.

This report describes a simple method for inactivating 19S red cell antibodies using the odorless compound dithiothreitol (DTT). 30 sera which contained antiglobulin-active red cell antibodies showed virtually no alteration in activity after DTT treatment, while 30 different sera containing cold-active red cell antibodies showed almost total elimination of activity following DTT treatment. Six sera were separated into IgG and IgM fractions. All red cell activity was eliminated in the IgM fraction, but was unaffected by DTT treatment of the IgG fraction. This method of inactivating IgM antibodies should be of value in investigating cases of hemolytic disease of the newborn and in studying sera containing mixtures of warm and cold red cell antibodies.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1976

In vitro function and post-transfusion survival of granulocytes collected by continuous-flow centrifugation and by filtration leukapheresis.

The function of granulocytes collected by continuous-flow centrifugation (CFC) and by filtration leukapheresis (FL) was studied in vitro, and the post-transfusion recovery and intravascular survival of these cells was studied by autologous transfusion in normal donors. Granulocytes collected by both FL and CFC leukapheresis (CFCL) functioned normally in the quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium, oxygen consumption, and chemotaxis assays. Bacterial killing was slightly but consistently decreased in FL but not CFCL granulocytes. The post-transfusion recovery of control granulocytes collected by ordinary phlebotomy averaged 52% in eight transfusions, compared with 34% for six CFCL granulocyte concentrates and 16% for six FL concentrates. The intravascular half-times were 3.8 hr for phlebotomy and 3.0 hr for CFCL granulocytes. FL granulocytes had survival curves which were nonlinear and a single half-life could not be calculated. The average half-time 30 min after transfusion was 1.3 hr, and 3 hr after transfusion it was 2.6 hr. Granulocytes collected by FL had a mild impairment of bacterial killing, decreased post-transfusion recovery, and altered intravascular kinetics. None of these abnormalities was found in granulocytes collected by CFCL.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1975

Continuous flow centrifuge leucapheresis in the management of chronic myelogenous leukaemia.

Six patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) were treated by repeated continuous flow centrifuge (CFC) leucapheresis. In six of seven courses of leucapheresis there was no improvement in splenomegaly. In no instance was the leucocyte count reduced to the normal range. The immediate changes in peripheral leucocytosis produced by each CFC leucapheresis procedure were quite variable. There was no correlation between the intensity of a series of CFC leucapheresis procedures and the total clinical effectiveness of the therapy. Balancing potential benefits against definite costs to the patient, CFC leucapheresis seems justified in only a minority of CML patients. Untreated CML patients who have cyclic leucocytosis may be the best candidates for this therapy. Currently this form of therapy for CML remains experimental.

Cell Separation↗