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Biomedical subjects

J McCarthy

Publications and source records attributed to J McCarthy.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Chronic cholecystitis and the oral cholecystogram.

Gallbladder image density at oral cholecystography has been compared with histological grading of the severity of chronic cholecystitis in resulting cholecystectomy specimens. (i) There was a linear relationship between gallbladder opacification and the grade of chronic cholecystitis. (ii) Removal of patients with either non-opacified gallbladders or abnormal liver function did not alter the linear trend. (iii) The occurrence of gallstones was independent of the degree of gallbladder opacification. (iv) The presence of gallstones did not correlate with the severity of chronic cholecystitis. A standardised oral cholecystographic technique with a grading system for gallbladder image density can be used as an index of the severity of chronic cholecystitis.

Cholecystitis↗
PubMed1980

Delayed cauda equina reconstruction in meningomyelocele.

Infants afflicted with meningomyelocele are paralyzed as a result of physiologic disconnection of the neural plate from the spinal cord. Intact neural elements within the placode often maintain segmental reflex innervation of paralyzed lower extremity muscles. It was hypothesized that bridging this central peripheral gap with viable intercostal nerves would restore limited voluntary movement to paralyzed muscles. The surgical technique and initial results are the subject of this report.

Cauda Equina↗
PubMed1980

Delayed cauda equina reconstruction in meningomyelocele: preliminary report.

Infants afflicted with meningomyelocele are paralyzed as a result of the physiological disconnection of the neural plate from the spinal cord. Intact neural elements within the placode often maintain segmental reflex innervation of the paralyzed lower extremity muscles. It was hypothesized that bridging this central-peripheral gap with vaible intercostal nerves would restore limited voluntary movement to the paralyzed muscles. This procedure has been performed on four infants and seems promising.

Cauda Equina↗
PubMed1980

The effect of prolonged light and dark adaptation on lens regeneration in the adult newt Triturus viridescens.

Light intensity has been shown to affect lens regeneration in adult newts. Experiments were designed to study the effects of different light controlled environments on lens regeneration in the newt T, viridescens. Animals were preadapted to three light conditions: control, light from below and dark for ninety (90) days prior to lentectomy. The newts remained in the controlled environments post-lentectomy to test the effects of light preadaptation on lens regeneration. The results indicate that controlled light sources from below cannot stimulate the ventral iris to regenerate a new lens or inhibit the dorsal iris from normal lens regeneration. Lens regeneration in preadapted dark animals is similar in rate and amount to the control group indicating a totally dark environment does not always inhibit lens regeneration.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasound diagnosis of ectopic ureterocele.

Three children with ectopic ureteroceles were examined with ultrasound, intravenous urography and cystography. In all cases the ultrasound studies outlined the ectopic ureterocele within the fluid-filled bladder and in one case added additional information regarding the non-functional portion of the duplication and its ureter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Glucagonoma, chronic recurrent peptic ulcer disease, and enhanced amylase-creatinine clearance ratio. Report of a case with review of the literature.

A 53-year-old white woman developed diabetes mellitus, migratory erythema, and anemia, clinical features suggesting the presence of a "glucagonoma." Ten years earlier, after laparotomy and pancreatic biopsy, she had been told that she had an inoperable pancreatic carcinoma. Review of that biopsy together with current hormonal assay now confirms the diagnosis of glucagonoma. The recurrent peptic ulcer in this patient despite high levels of glucagon, a gastric inhibitory agent, is noted but not explained. An enhanced amylase-creatinine clearance ratio supports the notion that glucagon increases the clearances of amylase.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1979

The effects of injection site, age, and body position on cervical venous reflux.

The effects of injection site, age, and body position on cervical venous reflux during carotid radionuclide angiography were studied. Adults injected via the left arm while supine were more likely to show reflux; neither the position nor the side injected was important in children. Right arm injection is preferred for adults; adults injected via the left arm should be erect if possible.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Differentiated perceptions of exertion: part I. mode of integration of regional signals.

The mode of sensory integration of differentiated perceptions of exertion from the legs and chest was determined during sub-maximal cycle ergometer exercise. 50 male subjects performed three separate cycle ergometer tests. Power output was held constant at 840 kpm/min., while pedalling rate was randomly set at 40, 60, or 80 rpm. The over-all rating of perceived exertion was significantly lower than the rating for the legs and higher than that for the chest at each pedalling rate. Local signals from the legs dominated the sensory process. Central signals were less pronounced. The mean of the ratings for the legs and chest was slightly but significantly higher than the over-all rating at each pedalling rate. Therefore, the integration process at the superordinate level of sensory processing appeared as a weighted average of the involved regional signals.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Differentiated perceptions of exertion: part II. relationship to local and central physiological responses.

Differentiated ratings of perceived exertion in the legs and chest were compared to local and central physiological adjustments during submaximal cycle ergometer exercise. 50 male subjects performed three separate cycle ergometer tests. Power output was held constant at 840 kpm/min., while pedalling rate was randomly set at 40, 60, or 80 rpm. Differentiated reports of exertion from the legs were considered to be local signals and reports from the chest to be central signals. Ratings of exertion for the legs, chest and over-all body were each significantly higher at 40 rpm than 60 or 80 rpm. Heart rate, oxygen uptake, ventilation and respiratory rate were also higher at 40 rpm. Lactic acid, pH, and pCO2 were similar between pedalling rates. Lactic acid did not operate differentially to influence local perceptual signals from the legs. Central measures of respiratory and aerobic metabolic adjustments were consistent with the more intense regional report of chest exertion at 40 rpm.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Gelfoam embolization of the kidneys for treatment of malignant hypertension.

Some chronic renal failure patients maintained on dialysis have uncontrollable hypertension. Those with elevated renin levels require bilateral nephrectomies prior to kidney transplant to avoid nephrosclerosis. The morbidity and mortality from surgical nephrectomies are high. In 2 such patients we embolized the renal arteries with gelfoam and successfully occluded all the major vessels. One patient became normotensive. The second remained hypertensive and had increased renin levels, probably on the basis of ischemia. Subsequent surgical nephrectomies demonstrated completely occluded segmental branches but only focal areas of infarction. Collateral blood supply determines the success of the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Perceived exertion and the field-independence--dependence dimension.

Perceived exertion responses were compared between field-independent and field-dependent perceivers at three cycle-ergometer pedalling rates. 50 male subjects were classified according to mode of field approach on the basis of their performance on an embedded-figures test. Power output was held constant at 840 kpm/min., while pedalling rate was randomly set at 40, 60, or 80 rpm. Significant differences between the field-independent and -dependent groups were not found at the three pedalling rates for any of the physiological variables or for over-all, legs and chest ratings of perceived exertion. The extent of differentiated psychological functioning did not account for individual differences in perceptual reactance during muscular exertion.

Adult↗