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J Mattila

Publications and source records attributed to J Mattila.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

A placebo-controlled trial of primary biliary cirrhosis treatment with colchicine and ursodeoxycholic acid.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and colchicine have beneficial effects in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). The efficacy of colchicine and UDCA in PBC was compared in a 2-year placebo-controlled study (n = 90). METHODS: Clinical events, laboratory test results, and liver histology were recorded at the beginning and end of the trial. RESULTS: There were significantly fewer dropouts for hepatic reasons with UDCA than with placebo. Pruritus was reduced by both active drugs. Colchicine improved liver function test results only modestly, whereas UDCA significantly decreased the serum activities of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase compared with colchicine and placebo. Serum total bilirubin levels were decreased only by UDCA. Both colchicine and UDCA reduced serum cholesterol levels, and UDCA also reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Furthermore, UDCA reduced the serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG, and colchicine reduced IgG levels compared with placebo. The elevated serum level of aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen remained unchanged by colchicine or UDCA, whereas the serum level of carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen was significantly decreased by UDCA. UDCA significantly decreased ductular proliferation compared with colchicine or placebo. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that UDCA frequently is superior to colchicine and especially to placebo in the treatment of PBC.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1995

Combined use of argon laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.

The purpose of the paper is to describe results of combined use of argon laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy in the treatment of stage 3+ retinopathy of prematurity in a non-controlled clinical series of 6 premature children with a birth weight of 545-1610 g (mean 914 g) and a gestational age of 24-31 weeks. Both treatment modalities were performed in the same session, and in 5 cases both eyes were treated. Inactivation of the proliferative process was obtained with one treatment session in 3 cases, with two treatment sessions in 3 cases. No serious late sequelae of retinopathy of prematurity developed in any of the eyes, one eye has an ectopic macula and esotropia, and one child has high myopia (-8.0 D) and exotropia. Laser treatment is less irritating and the scars are less pronounced compared with cryocoagulation, but in some cases treatment of the most anterior retina with laser is difficult. Combination of the two treatment modalities may in these cases give the best result.

Argon↗
PubMed1995

Thyroid antibodies in association with thyroid malignancy II: Qualitative properties of thyroglobulin antibodies.

Qualitative properties of thyroglobulin (Tg) antibodies, in association with thyroid malignancy, suspected malignancy or other thyroid diseases, were studied in 177 patients. Retrospective clinical analysis revealed 137 patients to have thyroid carcinoma and 40 to have other thyroid diseases. Serum Tg was assayed by an immunoradiometric method. Thyroid microsomal (AMC) and Tg antibodies were measured by the particle agglutination method and the avidity of Tg antibodies by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Assessment of the qualitative properties of Tg antibodies revealed that the high-avidity antibodies especially seem to bind circulating Tg. Thus any Tg value from a sample with detectable Tg antibodies is unreliable and should be interpreted with caution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Thyroid antibodies in association with thyroid malignancy. I. Simultaneous occurrence of thyroiditis and thyroid malignancy.

Occurrence of thyroid antibodies and thyroiditis in association with thyroid malignancy, suspected malignancy or other thyroid diseases was studied in 177 patients. Retrospective clinical analysis revealed that 137 patients had thyroid carcinoma (108 papillary carcinomas, 10 occult papillary carcinomas, 14 follicular carcinomas, and 5 other carcinomas) and 40 had other thyroid diseases. Thyroid microsomal (AMC) and thyroglobulin antibodies (ATG) were measured by the particle agglutination method. Clinically significant thyroid antibody titers and histological or clinical features of thyroiditis were seen in nine patients with thyroid carcinoma, being equally prevalent in follicular and papillary carcinomas. Taking into account the prevalence of positive AMC antibodies and thyroid carcinoma in Finland, the highest predicted prevalence of simultaneously occurring thyroid carcinoma and thyroiditis in the under 40 age group should be 0.002% and in the over 40 age group 0.006%. In the present material the observed occurrences in corresponding age groups were unexpectedly high (4.7% and 5.2%). The results may partly be due to patient selection, but they also suggest that there might be a link between thyroiditis and thyroid carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Liver lesions found at colectomy in ulcerative colitis: correlation between histological findings and biochemical parameters.

AIMS: To classify lesions discovered at colectomy in patients with ulcerative colitis; to assess the importance of histological findings by correlating them with biochemical parameters. METHODS: Liver tissue specimens taken at colectomy from 59 patients with chronic ulcerative colitis were studied using light microscopy. The findings were compared with results of biochemical liver function tests. RESULTS: Abnormal laboratory findings were found in 12 patients with liver histology consistent with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Non-specific reactive hepatitis was observed in six patients, eight had fatty liver, and three minor non-specific parenchymal changes. Twenty nine patients had normal liver histology. The highest cholestatic serum enzyme activities were seen in two patients with sclerosing cholangitis. Cholangiography in these patients also revealed changes in the extrahepatic bile ducts. However, identical histological changes were also present in patients with only slightly abnormal or even normal liver enzyme activities. CONCLUSION: Biochemical tests of liver function do not reliably indicate the extent or severity of bile duct damage in ulcerative colitis, the assessment of which requires liver biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Asbestos exposure according to different exposure indices among Finnish lung cancer patients.

During a 6-month period all lung cancer patients in a university hospital chest clinic were investigated for asbestos exposure by means of personal interview, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), roentgenograms, lung function testing, histology and measurement of fibre concentrations in lung tissue samples using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). About one-third of the patients (33%) were classified as having been exposed to asbestos on the basis of the interview. BAL was performed and AB counts were done in 51 patients. Fourteen (27%) BAL specimens had AB counts of 1 or more AB/ml, which is the conventional limit for non-trivial asbestos exposure. For a subgroup of 25 operated lung cancer patients fibre analysis was also available. In six cases (30%) the asbestos-containing samples had asbestos fibre concentrations equal to or more than 1 million fibres/g dry lung. In eight (32%) of the operated lung cancer patients histopathologically confirmed fibrosis was seen; five of these patients were in the two highest exposure classes. Pleural plaques on X-ray films were seen in six (24%) of the operated cases. With each indicator of exposure about 30% of lung cancer patients were found to have been exposed, confirming the "one-third rule"; however, when all the information was collated there were three cases (12%) in which exposure was most obvious according to the different parameters used in this study. In these three cases the cancer could well be attributed to asbestos. Anthophyllite was present in all asbestos-containing samples and anthophyllite was the main fibre type in 61% of these samples.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

DNA ploidy, cell proliferation and steroid hormone receptors in endometrial hyperplasia and early adenocarcinoma.

We determined DNA content, S-phase fraction, and estrogen (ER) und progesterone receptor (PR) levels in 36 stage I endometrial adenocarcinomas and in 22 hyperplastic lesions to obtain information on the genesis and progression of endometrial malignancy. DNA aneuploidy was detected in 12/36 (33%) carcinomas and in none of the hyperplastic lesions. DNA aneuploidy was significantly more common in poorly and moderately differentiated carcinomas than in the well-differentiated ones. Similarly, the highest number of cells in S-phase were found in poorly and moderately differentiated carcinomas, whereas well-differentiated carcinomas and all hyperplasias had an equally small S-phase fraction. Mean ER and PR levels were highest in hyperplastic lesions, especially those with atypical features, whereas carcinomas of all grades had significantly lower values. Thus, it is likely that the loss or decreased expression of steroid receptors is an early event during carcinogenesis in human endometrium, whereas an increase in the cell proliferation rate and the formation of DNA aneuploidy occur later during tumor progression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Ultrastructural aspects of liver injury with special reference to small bile ducts in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Liver tissue specimens taken at colectomy from 29 patients with chronic ulcerative colitis were studied by electron microscope. The fine-structural alterations were correlated with light microscopy and with biochemical liver function tests. The purpose was to identify ultrastructural features which could explain the pathogenesis of sclerosing cholangitis. Severely injured bile-duct epithelial cells were seen in three out of the eight light-microscopically diagnosed cholangitis cases, in the two cases of non-specific reactive hepatitis, and in the two fatty livers. Four cholangitis cases had, in heavily thickened bile-duct basement membranes, translucent areas containing bile-like material. Bile-duct microvilli were often blunted, and reduced in number. Intracanalicular bile thrombi and bile inclusions in hepatocytes were seldom seen, mostly but not exclusively in cholangitis. The fine-structural alterations apparently represent various stages of liver injury. These findings do not appear to be specific, but their prominence seems to correlate with the progression of the disease, at least in the case of histological parameters, but also in serum enzyme activities indicative of cholestasis. The bile-like electron-dense material found in proliferating basement membranes, very possibly regurgitated into the injured bile-duct wall after epithelial injury, could enhance the development of periductal fibrosis, leading to progression of sclerosing cholangitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effect of food on absorption and hydrolysis of erythromycin acistrate.

Effect of food on absorption of erythromycin acistrate (2'-acetyl erythromycin stearate, Erasis; CAS 96128-89-1) was studied in 14 healthy volunteers in a randomized cross-over design. The subjects were given 400 mg erythromycin acistrate enteric coated tablets b.i.d. for 4 days. On the 1st and 4th days the tablets were taken after an overnight fast or immediately after a light or a heavy breakfast. Erythromycin (E), 2'-acetyl-erythromycin (2AE), anhydroerythromycin and anhydro-2'-acetyl-erythromycin concentrations in plasma were analyzed chemically by HPLC. After a single dose the lag time of absorption (tlag) was significantly longer after both types of breakfasts as compared to fast. The tmax of E and 2AE were also somewhat delayed by food although tmax of 2AE after a heavy breakfast only differed statistically significantly from that of the fasting state. Food significantly delayed the absorption especially in some subjects since no drug was observed during the 12-h observation period in 2 and 5 of the subjects after a light and heavy breakfast, respectively. At steady state the delaying effect of food on absorption had almost disappeared. No significant differences were observed in Cmax- or AUC0-12-values between the fasting and the fed states both after a single dose or at steady state. It is concluded, that food does not affect the mean bioavailability of erythromycin acistrate neither the mean rate of absorption but in some subjects the absorption from enteric coated tablets might be significantly delayed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Changes in biliary bacteria after endoscopic cholangiography and sphincterotomy.

This prospective study consisted of 32 patients. In each patient, bile was collected during two separate endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies (ERCP) to study changes in biliary bacteriology and cytology. The mean interval between ERCPs was 20 months (15-29 months). Twenty-three patients had gallstones in the gallbladder, bile ducts, or both. Nineteen of them had bactibilia compared to none of the 9 patients with normal ERCP (P less than 0.001). Fifteen patients had normal bile ducts in ERCP (Group 1). Four of these patients (27%) had bactibilia initially and 9 (60%) at follow-up (P = 0.069). Seventeen patients had bile duct stones and underwent endoscopic sphincterotomy (Group II). Fifteen of these patients (88%) had bactibilia initially, and 15 (88%) also had bactibilia at follow-up. Initially, anaerobic bacteria were detected in 37 per cent of Group I patients with bactibilia and in 50 per cent of Group II patients with bactibilia. At follow-up, the bile in Group I patients infrequently (11%) contained anaerobes, whereas in Group II patients anaerobes predominated (67%; P less than 0.011). Clear correlation between the biliary cytology and bacteriology could not be observed. The authors conclude that ERCP may result in increased incidence of long-term bactibilia and suggest that contamination occurred during ERCP. The bactibilia associated with bile duct stones does not subside after endoscopic treatment of the common duct stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Primary undifferentiated small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: clinicopathological and flow cytometric evaluation of eight cases.

We present a clinicopathological and flow cytometric evaluation of eight primary small cell carcinomas of the esophagus representing 1.5% of all esophageal malignancies diagnosed during a 22-year period (1965-1987) in the Tampere University Central Hospital. The mean age of the patients (four male and four female) was 67 years (range 55-75 years). Five cases had distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. Three patients were treated by esophageal resection, one by laser vaporisation, and four by chemotherapy. The median survival time was 4 months (range 9 days to 8 months). A complete local response to chemotherapy in serial esophagogramms was detected in one patient. All four patients given chemotherapy survived longer than those treated with esophageal resection only. Four (67%) of the six carcinomas analyzed by DNA flow cytometry contained DNA-aneuploid stemlines. The median S-phase fraction of these small cell carcinomas was high (16.3%), reflecting rapid cell proliferation rate, which may be related to their responsiveness to chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Mucosal morphology and faecal bacteriology after ileoanal anastomosis.

Mucosal morphology and faecal bacteriology were studied in 30 patients with ileoanal anastomosis and J-pouch and 10 patients with conventional ileostomy. Patients with ileoanal anastomosis had more acute and chronic inflammatory changes on histological examination than patients with conventional ileostomy. Patients with ileoanal anastomosis had a greater number of anaerobes and total bacteria and a greater ratio of anaerobes to aerobes in faecal samples than patients with conventional ileostomy. Patients with a history of clinical pouchitis had more acute inflammation than those without. In patients with ileoanal anastomosis there was a significant correlation between acute inflammation and number of aerobes and between chronic inflammation and number of anaerobes and total bacterial counts. These observations suggest that bacterial overgrowth in the pouch may be a possible pathogenic factor in inflammatory changes in the mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Enhanced isolation of MOTT on egg media of low pH.

The influence of alternative carbon sources, i.e. glycerol and pyruvate, and medium pH on the growth of 33 mycobacterial strains, including MOTT (n = 18), M. tuberculosis (TBC) (n = 14) and BCG, was experimentally studied. This was followed by culturing of clinical specimens (n = 4706) on three medium versions for primary isolation of mycobacteria. The decrease of medium pH below 6.5 enhanced the growth of isolated strains of M. avium complex (MAI) and M. malmoense. Pyruvate had a further beneficial effect on half of them; it was, however, inhibitory to some strains of M. malmoense, MAI and TBC as well as to BCG. In primary isolation, 74 specimens were positive for TBC and 37 for MOTT. The number of MOTT isolates of potential clinical significance was 11 on unacidified and 23 on acidified media (pH 6.2) (p less than 0.05). M. malmoense and five of 11 MAI isolates were exclusively detected on acidified media. TBC was isolated in equal frequency on all media, but it was detected on the acidified versions one to four weeks earlier in 20 of 55 (36%) specimens positive on all three media versions. The results indicated that acidified media of pH 6.2 offer enhanced growth conditions for MOTT, especially MAI and M. malmoense, without interfering with the growth of TBC. The growth enhancement obtained with pyruvate for some strains and with glycerol for some others makes it necessary to use both media versions in parallel.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1991

Relative risk of mesothelioma associated with different levels of exposure to asbestos.

The relative risk of mesothelioma associated with different levels of exposure to asbestos was evaluated. The exposure was assessed from work histories of 51 mesothelioma cases and 51 sarcoidosis referents. The lung fiber concentration of the mesothelioma patients was compared with that of two reference groups (13 random autopsy cases and 43 male lung cancer patients). When the categories definite and probable were used as an estimated probability of occupational exposure, an odds ratio of 17.7 [90% confidence interval (90% CI) 3.4-253] and 3.0 (90% CI 0.9-10.6), respectively, was obtained. A lung fiber concentration of greater than 1 million fibers/g of dry tissue as an indicator of accumulated exposure gave an odds ratio of 14.4 (90% CI 2.5-178) for the men in comparison with the autopsy cases and 3.1 (90% CI, 1.3-7.5) in comparison with the lung cancer patients. Elevated risk of mesothelioma was shown to be associated with a lung fiber concentration of greater than 1 million fibers/g of dry tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Prognostic value of analysis of DNA in pancreatic adenocarcinoma by flow cytometry.

DNA was analysed by flow cytometry in paraffin-embedded tumour specimens from 58 patients who had undergone resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, to see if there was any correlation between DNA analysis and survival. Because of the poor quality of the DNA histogram five cases were excluded from the analysis of DNA-ploidy and 10 from the analysis of the synthesis phase fraction. Aneuploidy was detected in 11 (21%) of the 53 tumours. Neither aneuploidy nor synthesis phase fraction correlated significantly with size, stage or differentiation of the tumours. The survival of the patients with DNA-aneuploid tumours (median 9 months) did not differ significantly from that of the patients with diploid tumours (median 14 months). Four patients survived for 5 years or longer, two of whom had aneuploid tumours. Synthesis phase fraction did not correlate with survival. Using univariate survival analyses, location of the tumour in the head of the pancreas (p = 0.02), a tumour diameter of less than 3.8 cm (p = 0.003), tumour stages I and II (p = 0.03), and a well differentiated tumour (p = 0.04) correlated with favourable survival. In a Cox's regression analysis, however, only the diameter of the tumour had independent prognostic value. We conclude that DNA analysis by flow cytometry is not helpful in selecting patients with resectable pancreatic carcinoma who will benefit from resection.

Adenocarcinoma↗